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Biomedical subjects

E S Shpilenia

Publications and source records attributed to E S Shpilenia.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Use of phenomenon of adsorption decrease in solid cohesion for remote lithotripsy (experimental study)].

The possibility of using the phenomenon of adsorption decrease in solid cohesion well known in the colloid chemistry as Rebinder effect for nephrolith remote destruction was studied. Sorption properties of urine components in healthy persons and those suffering from urolithiasis were compared. The number of synthetic surfactants were studied according to the values of bordering moistening angle and efficiency of remote destruction of firm nephrolithes in vitro. The bordering moistening angle measurements have shown that the urine of healthy persons demonstrates higher surface activity compared with the urine of those suffering from urolithiasis. The correlation between the value of bordering moistening angle for the liquid into which the urolithiasis was immersed and the destruction efficiency in vitro in that media was established. The efficiency of nephrolith destruction was found to increase in the water solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1998

[Current aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic cancer].

Prostate cancer is becoming the most frequent malignant disease in men. Its present-day diagnosis in based on the combination of digital rectal examination, detection of the prostate-specific antigen in blood serum and multifocal transrectal biopsy of the prostate under ultrasonic control. The elevation of the level of prostate-specific antigen correlates with spread of the process and extracapsular penetration of the tumor. Asymmetry of the prostate and hypoechogenic foci represent the main ultrasonic signs of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. When the histological findings speak about the absence of atypical cells, another complex examination with rebiopsy is indicated in 6 months. The principal radical method of treatment of prostate cancer is prostatectomy performed mainly for the T1-T2 stages. At the preoperative period the neoadjuvant androgen deprivation can be performed in order to lessen the tumour volume and risk of a positive surgical margin.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Gunshot wounds of the urogenital system organs].

The article makes a comparative analysis between Afghan war and previous wars concerning the gunshot injuries of urogenital organs. The authors mark limitations in specific symptoms of gunshot urogenital injuries and emphasize the importance of roentgenological method of examination with application of contrast substances. There are indications for surgical interventions and the analysis of medical errors in secondary surgical care.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed1990

[Nephropexy with using interchanging musculo-aponeurotic flaps].

Nephropexy with interchanging muscular-aponeurotic flaps provides a reliable fixation of the pathologically movable kidney which makes it possible to activate the patient during the first days after operation. Technical simplicity of the operation, anatomo-physiological grounds, high clinical efficiency allow the operation to be recommended for wide practical use.

Fascia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current combat wounds of the scrotum and its organs].

Wounds of the scrotum and its organs are frequent among injuries of the urogenital system in local military conflicts. The scrotum is often wounded in mine explosions which result in severe multitraumas, crushing and abruptions. As a rule, scrotal wounds are not life threatening, but late diagnosis and inadequate surgery may provoke serious complications. Surgical policy should be most sparing and secure preservation of the scrotal organs.

Blast Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gunshot wounds of the kidneys].

Upon the analysis of the treatment for gunshot wounds of the kidneys (n = 113), it is concluded that in the majority of cases such wounds (91.1%) were associated with additional injuries of other viscera, this complicating the diagnosis and treatment, aggravating the prognosis. At admission, 81.4% of the wounded were in shock, with signs of hemorrhage. Serious condition of the patients dictated urgent surgery imposing limitations on diagnostic examinations, e.g. intravenous urography was performed in 5.3% of the cases only. Therefore, preoperative detection of renal injuries was far from universal. (55.6%). Hematuria prompted renal damage in 74% of cases. 92% of the wounded underwent surgery, in 62.8% of them it was nephrectomy. Serious combined wounds terminated in lethal outcomes in 50.4% of cases, though renal damage was responsible for 4% of deaths only. Introduction of up-to-date methods of examination (CT, ultrasonography, excretory urography) may raise the frequency of the kidney-preserving operations and favourable outcomes.

Emergencies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnostic and treatment characteristics of gunshot wounds to the organs of the urinary system in modern wars].

The frequency of injuries of the urinary system which are very severe is as high as 4% of all the wounds of other localizations. The high frequency of associated injuries, critical states of the wounded give very short time for urological examinations which prevents making the exact diagnosis. Nephrectomy still remains the most common operative intervention for wounds of the kidneys (62.8%). The insufficient elimination of urine and inadequate drainage in wounds of the urinary bladder and urethra are followed by very severe complications. An analysis of the experience with treatment of wounds of the urinary system has shown that the medical evacuatory measures must be improved.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gunshot wounds of the bladder and urethra].

The analysis of medical aid rendered to 48 patients with bladder and 31 with urethral wounds showed that virtually all the wounds were combined. This fact aggravates the prognosis, presents difficulties for diagnosis and treatment. The authors state that x-ray examinations (cystography and urethrography) are rarely used in the diagnosis of the above injuries (in 8.3 and 16% of cases, respectively) in spite of their usefulness. It is emphasized that negligent attitude of the surgeon to epicystostomy and drainage of the pelvic fat may entail very serious complications.

Drainage↗