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Biomedical subjects

E S Dmitrieva

Publications and source records attributed to E S Dmitrieva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Ontogenetic features of the psychophysiological mechanisms of perception of the emotional component of speech in musically gifted children.

The cerebral mechanisms underlying musical-artistic ability were addressed by studying psychophysical measures of the perception of emotional information contained in speech in musically gifted children. Studies involved 46 schoolchildren and 48 young musicians, in three age groups: 7-10, 11-13, and 14-17 years. A test sentence was presented with three emotional intonations (joy, anger, and unemotional) via headphones; subjects' responses identifying the type of emotion were recorded. Dispersion analysis revealed age and gender characteristics in the mechanisms of recognition of emotions: thus, boy musicians led their classmates in the development of these mechanisms by 4-6 years, while girl musicians led by 1-3 years. In girls, musical training facilitated increases in the role of the left hemisphere in processing the emotional intonation of speech, while in boys, the initially marked dominance of the left hemisphere was not retained during further training.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of neutrophil-mediated lysis of syngeneic erythrocytes by components of blood serum and peritoneal fluid.

Experiments are reported in which it is shown that murine blood serum and peritoneal fluid contain compounds of high molecular mass that inhibit the lysis of murine erythrocytes caused by syngeneic neutrophils, and that these inhibitors directly affect the neutrophils. Neutrophil sensitivity to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) changes in the presence of these high-molecular-mass serum components, whereas their sensitivity to opsonized zymosan does not.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Invariability of stimulus recognition by dolphins].

The echo-location characteristics were studied in dolphins with the aid of transformation of stimuli not altering the reception characteristics in analysing systems. The dolphin locator was shown to be able to single out a class of equivalent in respect to certain transformations echo-signals. The probability of the target recognition is invariable in respect to transformations of homothetic type and module transformations, i.e. the principle of invariability spreads over the work of dolphin's auditory analyser in active regimen too.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Invariability of auditory perception with respect to frequency--time signal transformations in the dolphin Tursiops truncatus.

The characteristic of hearing in the dolphin Tursiops truncatus were investigated by the method of motor-feeding conditioned reflexes under conditions of frequency--time signal indeterminancy with background noise. It was shown that the effectiveness of auditory detection of tone--pulse signals is invariant with respect to Doppler and shift signal transformations, while the number of waves is a characteristic parameter of the auditory system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spatial analysis of tonal superthreshold signals in dolphins].

Hearing characteristics under the conditions of spacial indetermination of overthreshold tonic signal were studied on dolphins Tursiops truncatus by the method of motordigestive conditional reflexes. High efficiency of spacial analysis on the frequencies 5, 20, 80, 100 kHz was shown. The criterium of relative loss of information in the channel was used for evaluating integral index of efficiency of dolphin spacial hearing.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficiency of dolphin auditory perception in relation to time characteristics of the signal].

Experimental data are presented on evaluating the efficiency of auditory perception of the dolphin Tursiops truncatus of tonal signals of different duration and of the fixed energy on the background of Gauss obstacle. The dependence of percepting properties on time characteristics of the signal are stated. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of dolphin auditory system with that of the coordinated filter is carried out. Biological receiving systems are shown to be adaptive. The self-tuning linits of the dolphin auditory system at a given level of the possibility of correct detection are determined.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The formation of interhemispheric asymmetry in human ontogeny during the perception of emotions in normal speech and in stuttering].

Age peculiarities of functional brain asymmetry in perception of emotional information of speech have been revealed. It was shown that the age of 4-7 years is most important for formation of this asymmetry in emotional perception. It is in this age that functional reorganization of perception in stuttering children is observed. These data indicate that correction of emotional activity in stutterers should be made at early periods of their life.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ontogeny-specific interaction of psychophysiological mechanisms of emotional perception and educational achievement in students].

In order to explore the process of adaptation of children to school environment psychophysiological characteristics of perception of emotional speech information and school progress were experimentally studied. Forty-six schoolchildren of three age groups (7-10, 11-13, and 14-17 years old) participated in the study. In experimental session, a test sentence was presented to a subject through headphones with two emotional intonations (joy and anger) and without emotional expression. A subject had to recognize the type of emotion. His/her answers were recorded. School progress was determined by year grades in Russian, foreign language, and mathematics. Analysis of variance and linear regression analysis showed that ontogenetic features of a correlation between psychophysiological mechanisms of emotion recognition and school progress were gender- and subject-dependent. This correlation was stronger in 7-13-year-old children than in senior children. This age boundary was passed by the girls earlier than by the boys.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ontogenetic features of psychophysiological mechanisms of perception of speech emotional component in musically gifted children].

Cerebral mechanisms of musical abilities were explored in musically gifted children. For this purpose, psychophysiological characteristics of perception of emotional speech information were experimentally studied in samples of gifted and ordinary children. Forty six schoolchildren and forty eight musicians of three age groups (7-10, 11-13 and 14-17 years old) participated in the study. In experimental session, a test sentence was presented to a subject through headphones with two emotional intonations (joy and anger) and without emotional expression. A subject had to recognize the type of emotion. His/her answers were recorded. The analysis of variance revealed age- and gender-related features of emotional recognition: boys musicians led the schoolchildren of the same age by 4-6 years in the development of mechanisms of emotional recognition, whereas girls musicians were 1-3 years ahead. Musical education in girls induced the shift of predominant activities for emotional perception in the left hemisphere; in boys, on the contrary, initial distinct dominance of the left hemisphere was not retained in the process of further education.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[THe age-related characteristics of interhemispheric asymmetry during the perception of verbal information by stuttering children].

Age peculiarities of functional brain asymmetry in perception of emotional information of the speech have been revealed. It was shown that the age of 4-7 years is the most important period in ontogenesis for the age dynamics of functional brain asymmetry in perception of emotions. It is in this particular age that functional reorganization of perception in stuttering children is observed. The revealed disturbances in functional brain asymmetry indicate that correction of emotional activity in stutterers should be made during early periods of ontogenesis.

Adolescent↗