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Biomedical subjects

E Russi

Publications and source records attributed to E Russi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Pharmacotherapy of cough].

The optimal approach to the treatment of cough consists, first, in determination of its precise cause. Treatment should be directed at the specific etiology or the pathophysiologic mechanism responsible for cough. The outcome of specific treatment is almost always successful. However, there are also situations in which the cause of cough is unknown or in which the cough does not serve any useful purpose but prevents rest and sleep. In such cases symptomatic treatment with antitussives may be indicated. Centrally acting antitussives such as opium alkaloids, dextromethorphan and noscapine are the most effective drugs. The indication for expectorants lacks scientifically based support.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1987

[Experiences in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection using a double-sheathed brush catheter].

Specimens from the lower airways were taken by protected brush catheter during 54 fiberoptic bronchoscopies for quantitative microbiological analysis. This technique allows uncontaminated sampling of lower airway secretion. The chance of identifying a bacterial pathogen in patients who have already been treated with antibiotics was less than 10%. The method is cumbersome, and it is important not only to culture but also to quantify the bacteria. The microbiological results thus obtained have influenced clinical decision-making in only a few patients.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

[Life-threatening apnea after midazolam administration in a patient with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

In a 27-year-old patient with a severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome documented by a polysomnographic study, an oral dose of 15 mg midazolam caused life-threatening obstructive apnea and excessive sedation. Therapy with nasal CPAP eliminated the pharyngeal obstruction, but marked central hypoventilation persisted. Benzodiazepines are known to aggravate the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Dangerous central hypoventilation occurring after this medication during treatment with nasal CPAP has not yet been reported. Excessive susceptibility to depression of chemoresponsiveness to pCO2 is suspected. The potentially dangerous and life-threatening side effects of sedatives in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Sleep apnea syndrome].

Apneas during sleep are physiologic events. If they occur with some frequency and cause health problems, the disturbance is called sleep apnea syndrome. Most commonly the apneas are mainly obstructive and caused by intermittent upper airway collapse during sleep. The resultant pathophysiologic phenomena and their clinical aspects are the consequences of this. The diagnostic aspects and differential diagnosis of related disorders are discussed, and the various types of treatment are reviewed.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1986

[Management of cardiac tamponade in uremic pericarditis].

Pericarditis with tamponade is known to occur in patients with chronic renal failure. It is an acute life-threatening emergency which requires immediate intervention. 6 patients with cardiac tamponade complicating uremic pericarditis who were treated at our institution from 1975 to 1984 are described. The diagnosis of pericardial tamponade was made by 2 D-echocardiography in the presence of jugular vein distension and pulsus paradoxus. Drainage by a percutaneously inserted pigtail catheter after subxiphoidal puncture was performed. Initial drainage of 707 (200-1660) ml fluid resulted in rapid improvement of the hemodynamic findings: the systolic blood pressure increased from 118 +/- 18 (SD) mm Hg to 157 +/- 16 mm Hg, the pulse pressure from 45 +/- 9 mm Hg to 79 +/- 11 mm Hg and the central venous pressure decreased from 21 +/- 6 cm H2O to 14 +/- 4. The catheters were left in place for a mean 61 (23-90) hours until no further fluid accumulated. As supportive measures, non-absorbable steroids were instilled via the percardial catheters and dialysis treatment was intensified. No complications were observed and no recurrence of effusion or development of constriction was noted for 9 to 35 months. In conclusion, subxiphoidal pericardiostomy with prolonged drainage and local steroid instillation has been found to be an effective and safe method which provides immediate and lasting relief.

Cardiac Catheterization↗