Selective inhibition of rat and human cardiac guanylate cyclase in vitro by doxorubicin (adriamycin): possible link to anthracycline cardiotoxicity.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
E Ruiz
Publications and source records attributed to E Ruiz.
Follow-up of 514 consecutive patients with cardiopulmonary arrest outside the hospital.
During the years 1974 of 1976, 514 patients with prehospital cardiopulmonary arrest were brought to the Hennepin County Medical Center (HCMC) Emergency Department. Of these, 344 patients (67%) were either dead on arrival or died in the emergency department despite efforts at resuscitation. The remaining 170 patients were admitted to the coronary care unit. Eighty-seven patients (51%) died in the coronary care unit, primarily from uncontrolled rhythm disturbances and/or cardiogenic shock. The remaining 83 patients (16% of the total group, 49% of those admitted to the hospital) were discharged alive from HCMC. In this group, 49 patients of the 83 long-term survivors were ambulatory with full mental function when discharged. The remaining 34 patients were trnasferred to chronic care facilities for medical treatment of on-going problems. Of the 49 ambulatory patients, satisfactory data for follow-up was obtained on 47. Their mortality rate was 15% in the first year and 50% in the second, primarily from sudden death syndrome.
Adolescent↗
Intravenous glucagon in the management of esophageal food obstruction.
The use of intravenous glucagon in patients with obstructing esophageal food impaction of at least 24-hours duration has recently been described. Two cases of acute esophageal obstruction were relieved within ten minutes by intravenous infusion of 1 mg of glucagon. Esophagram performed both before and after glucagon administration confirmed the original obstruction and the passage of the food bolus. Therapy for bolus obstruction of the esophagus has classically included proteolytic enzyme digestion, as well as esophagoscopy with manual extraction. Each entails risk of esophageal perforation and mediastinitis. Also, the dose of proteolytic enzymes, such as papain, may take several hours to administer while endoscopic examination is generally not feasible as an outpatient emergency procedure. Intravenous glucagon can dissolve food other than meat and has the further advantage of safety in the patient in which anticholinergics, another occasionally employed therapy, are contraindicated. A protocol for management of these patients is included.
Adult↗
External rotation method of shoulder dislocation reduction.
We used the external rotation method for reducing anterior shoulder dislocations on 85 consecutive patients seen in our emergency department during a one-year period. In relatively inexperienced hands, the external rotation method was successful on first attempt in 80% of cases. There were no complications attributable to the technique itself. We feel that it is a successful, easy, and atraumatic method of achieving reduction in both first occurrence and recurrent anterior shoulder dislocations.
Adolescent↗
Clinical assessment of patients undergoing CPR in the emergency department.
A problem frequently encountered in the emergency department is assessing the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), particularly when it is continued over a period of time. To evaluate the effectiveness of CPR in our emergency department we use a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitator (Michigan Instruments, Thumper) together with early invasive monitoring of pulse and blood pressure. This also allows for frequent monitoring of blood gases. Three patients are presented who underwent longterm CPR (ie, longer than one hour), and invasive monitoring. Results indicate that better management of the clinical status of patients undergoing prolonged resuscitation can be obtained by using continuous blood pressure and pulse monitoring, and frequent blood gas analysis. In addition, when frequent arrhythmias are taking place, this system allows for better determination of appropriate procedures and medications.
Aged↗
Selective inhibition of rat and human cardiac guanylate cyclase by doxorubicin (adriamycin): possible link to anthracycline cardiotoxicity.
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Animals↗
[Hypophyso-gonadal function in infancy. From newborn to puberty (author's transl)].
Serum levels of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone have been measured in 216 healthy children (104 boys and 102 girls) divided in 9 groups from newborn to puberty. Testosterone serum concentrations were significantly higher in boys than in girls during the first 4 months after birth. Testosterone values were highest in 1 to 2 month old boys. Serum concentrations of both FSH and LH changed in different patterns in both sexes. During the first 4 years FSH concentrations were significantly higher in girls than in boys. During the first 4 months, however, LH concentrations were higher in boys than in girls.
Adolescent↗
[Prospective etiologic survey on apparently primary nonobstructive myocardiopathies in adults. 57 cases, excluding ischemic cardiopathies].
A prospective study into the aetiology of presumed primary non-obstructive cardiomyopathy was carried out in 57 patients who had no lesions of the trunk of the coronary artery; one case of haemochromatosis and one of amyloidosis were found. Excluding these two cases of cardiomyopathy which were in fact secondary, most of the others were associated with manifestations or with complications of myocardial diseases (two pulmonary emboli and one case of jaundice) or pathology associated with it. Investigation into possible infection, biochemical abnormalities and dietary indiscretion (alcohol, colza oil), were unfruitful. Electromyographic changes of the "myositic" type were very common. The bicycle ergometry test was often interrupted through fatiguing of the peripheral muscles. These findings suggest that the muscular abnormalities may not be limited to the heart. The cost of an enquiry of this type has been investigated.
Adolescent↗
[Determination of serum testosterone using radioimmunoanalysis without previous extraction].
A modification to the radiochemical assay method to measure testosterone in serum, that renders unnecessary the extraction of testosterone from a serum sample is described. The serum is heated at 60 degrees C for 1 hour, thereby testosterone binding proteins are destroyed, then radioimmunoassay follows as usual.
Humans↗
Heat stroke associated with medications having anticholinergic effects.
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Aged↗
A simple modification to the radiochemical assay of cortisol which avoids the extraction from serum.
A modification to the radiochemical assay method to measure cortisol in serum, that renders unnecessary the extraction of cortisol from a serum sample is described. The serum is heated at 60 degrees C for 3 hours, thereby transcortine is destroyed, then competition binding assay follows as usual.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
[Physical exercise as a functional test of hgh secretion (author's transl)].
The efficiency of L-dopa and exercise tests have been compared to diagnose the lack of human growth hormone. Both tests gave similar results. The exercise test is recommended as a screening method in large populations to discard growth inhibition due to HGH deficiency, because of its easy, quick and painless application to patients.
Adolescent↗
[Serum levels of testosterone, follicie-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in normal human males (author's transl)].
The serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) have been measured in healthy man of different ages to stablish their normal values in the population of Granada. The serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH have been compared to each other in each age group. No clear relation between these hormones was found at any age.
Adult↗
Accidental hypothermia: core rewarming with partial bypass.
Three patients with profound hypothermia were treated by rewarming on partial bypass. Two surivived and have normal mental and metabolic functions. The resuscitation of the hypothermic patient should be approached with enthusiasm since the outcome is often much better than expected from initial vital signs and neurologic examination. To avoid ventricular fibrillation the patient should be handled gently and an effort should be made to keep the patient well oxygenated and the pH normal. Blood gases should be measured often and corrected for temperature. The potassium concentration and hydration status of the patient should also be monitored closely. The rewarming of profoundly hypothermic patients can readily be accomplished with a pump oxygenator and heat exchanger. The indications for this method are not established from our small experience and the few cases reported in the literature. Certainly ventricular fibrillation is a compelling indication. Patients with frozen extremities might also benefit from this method since theoretically tissue salvage would be increased. Finally, those patients who do not respond rapidly to external rewarming may be at less risk of ventricular fibrillation if rewarmed on bypass.
Accidents↗
Physostigmine treatment of anticholinergic poisoning.
Physostigmine salicylate, a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor, is effective in rapidly and dramatically reversing the effects produced by anticholinergic drugs. Three case reports of successful use of physostigmine are presented. Since physostigmine is a tertiary amine that allows for passage of the drug into the central nervous system, it can reverse both the peripheral and central nervous system effects of anticholinergic poisoning. The adverse effects and contraindications of physostigmine use are discussed.
Adult↗
Metabolism of bovine parathyroid hormone. Immunological and biological characteristics of fragments generated by liver perfusion.
The metabolism of bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the perfused rat liver was studied. Labeled hormone, with or without cold hormone, was infused into the circulating perfusion medium containing various calcium concentrations. Pefusate samples at various time periods after the introduction of PTH into the system were chromatographed on Bio-gel P-10; radioactivity and/or immunoreactivity were measured in eluted fractions. Before the perfusion, all immuno- and radioactivity eluted in a single peak, with an apparent mol wt of 9,500 (peak I). After perfusion for 15 min, two other peaks with approximate mol wt of 7,000 (peak II) and 3,500 (peak III) were discernible. Peak I contained both NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal immunoreactivity and was biologically active at all time periods tested. The relative contribution of NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal immunoreactivity to the total immunoreactivity remained constant in this peak throughout the perfusion. In every respect, peak I had the characteristics of intact hormone. At all times, peak II consisted of only COOH-terminal immunoreactivity and was biologically inactive. At early time periods, peak III contained predominantly NH2-terminal immunoreactivity and was biologically active. With time, the relative contribution of NH2-terminal immunoreactivity decreased strikingly while that of COOH-terminal immunoreactivity increased. The three peaks identified in these experiments were analogous in size, biological activity, and immunological characteristics to those we have previously described for fractionated human hyperparathyroid serum. The rate of metabolism of PTH appeared to be regulated by the calcium concentration in the medium. At a high concentration of calcium (greater than 11 mg/100 ml), PTH metabolism was greatly retarded. At a low concentration of calcium (smaller than 5 mg/100 ml), the rate of metabolism was greatly increased. The physiological significance of our observations on the metabolism of PTH by isolated perfused rat liver is not known. However, since such metabolism results in a biologically active fragment, it is suggested that metabolism of intact hormone may be required before full biological expression is possible.
Animals↗
Characterization of the glucagon receptor in a pheochromocytoma.
Glucagon activated adenylate cyclase in a homogenate of a pheochromocytoma over the concentration range 1 times 10 minus 8M to 1 times 10 minus 6M. Several other hormones including adrenocorticotropin, thyrotropin, parathyroid hormone and histamine were without effect. The tumor glucagon receptor was characterized and found to be similar in several ways to the glucagon receptor previously reported in normal tissue such as liver and heart. One, the receptor specifically bound 125-I-glucagon. Two, solubilization of the pheochromocytoma abolished glucagon-activation of the adenylate cyclase. Three, glucagon-responsiveness of the adenylate cyclase was partially restored by the addition of phosphatidylserine to the incubations. One major difference was observed between the glucagon receptor in tumor tissue and that in liver and heart, namely, a marked lability in 125-I-glucagon binding and adenylate cyclase activity. Within four days, despite storage in liquid nitrogen, 75% of the binding activity and all of the adenylate cyclase activity in the solubilized preparation were lost. The factor(s) responsible for this lability remains unidentified.
Adenylyl Cyclases↗