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Biomedical subjects

E Roullet

Publications and source records attributed to E Roullet.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Oculo-facio-skeletal myorhythmia as a cerebral complication of systemic Whipple's disease.

A fifth case of oculomasticatory myorhythmia associated with cerebral Whipple's disease is reported. This peculiar abnormal movement has never been described in association with cerebral dysfunction other than Whipple's disease. The present case exhibited rhythmic convergence of the eyes and synchronous (1-2 Hz) contractions of the masticatory muscles and of the proximal and distal skeletal muscles. These abnormal movements occurred 13 years after the beginning of the disease. They were persistent and unchanged until the death of the patient 3 months later. No treatment was effective to suppress the involuntary movements (clonazepam, baclofen, antibiotics). Associated neurological signs included global supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, facial weakness, bilateral ptosis, absent gag reflex, and intellectual deterioration.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

[Vesical neuropathy in systemic vasculitis: 3 cases].

Bladder neuropathy was diagnosed in 3 patients with systemic vasculitis (temporal arteritis: 1 case; periarteritis nodosa: 2 cases). Clinical characteristics were: dysuria, diminished or abolished bladder sensation leading to indolent bladder retention. Urodynamic investigation showed hypotonic and underactive detrusor, increased detrusor compliance, hyposensitive bladder, and/or overactive urethral closure. Needle electrode examination showed signs of denervation of periurethral muscles; sacral evoked latencies were increased, favouring pudenal nerve alterations. Symptoms and urodynamic abnormalities resolved following corticosteroid therapy. Clinical and therapeutic implications of bladder neuropathy in necrotizing vasculitis are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The Minimal Record of Disability and multiple sclerosis. Results of the evaluation of 200 patients].

The Minimal Record of Disability (MRD) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) evaluates impairment in MS through 4 sets of data: Demographic Data, Kurtzke Disability Status Scale (DSS), Incapacity Status Scale (ISS) and Environmental Status Scale (ESS). We assessed with the 1985 version of MRD 200 consecutive patients attending our MS clinic during a 6 months period. 170 were out-patients and 30 inpatients. Diagnosis was definite in 197 and probable in 3. ESS and ISS were rated by a medical student according to a planned interview. The validity and internal consistency of DSS, ISS and ESS were evaluated by dependence analysis of each item to the sum of all items, and multivariate analysis was carried out on the first 15 items of ISS. Main clinical data were: age 43.0 +/- 11.8 years; age at onset of MS: 27.3 +/- 10.3; sex ratio (F/M): 1.75/1; mean DSS score: 4.6 +/- 0.1. Administration of MRD was easy and general acceptance was good. Some refinement in wording is needed for 5 items of ISS--mainly for "mood and thought disturbances" and "mentation" which do not score adequate mood and intellectual impairment in MS--and for 2 items of ESS. These 2 scales are otherwise of practical use and cover all the area of disability and handicap in MS. The levels of internal consistency of DSS, ISS and ESS are high, as well as correlations between the 3 scales (p less than 0.001). Correlations with age and duration of MS were established for total scores of DSS but not ISS and ESS. Our data confirms the validity of MRD as an evaluation tool of MS patients; they show that MRD can be applied with minor modifications to MS patients and support its use in therapeutic trials, rehabilitation and socio-economic inquiries.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Amnesic syndrome caused by infarction in the area of the left anterior choroidal artery].

A case of infarction in the left anterior choroidal artery territory presenting as a regressive amnestic syndrome, associated with the usual syndrome, is reported. This amnesia had the same characteristics as that found in the left posterior cerebral artery territory infarction. The anterior choroidal artery supplies the medial part of the temporal lobe, the amygdaloid nucleus, part of the hippocampus, uncal gyrus, and the mamillary body. Therefore, an amnestic syndrome can occur together with an infarction in the AChA territory. To our knowledge this is the first report of that occurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae: exacerbation after myelography with metrizamide].

Metrizamide dorsal myelography was performed in two patients with minor to moderate sensorimotor paraparesis. Direct and indirect myelographic signs of spinal arteriovenous aneurysm were seen and spinal cord angiography showed thoracic dural arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) in both cases. Within 24 hours following myelography, clear neurological worsening occurred, associated with cephalalgia, nausea and transient diplopia in one case, leading to paraplegia in a few days. Paraplegia was complete six months after surgery in one case, and had resolved after embolization of fistula in the other patient. The mechanism of neurological worsening may include: substraction of cerebrospinal fluid, sitting position during and after myelography and local increase of metrizamide concentration secondary to impaired resorption caused by the fistula. Water-soluble myelography is of invaluable aid in the diagnosis of dural AVF and must be followed by early angiography, thus allowing prompt therapeutic embolization.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Contrast sensitivity in multiple sclerosis. A study in 35 patients with and without optic neuritis.

Binocular and monocular contrast sensitivity (CS) functions were determined for 35 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) of whom only 21 had a history of optic neuritis. CS was abnormal in all 21 of these patients; alterations of CS affected all spatial frequencies, not only for the eye with optic neuritis, but also for the clinically unaffected eye (p less than 0.01). Approximately one third of the 14 patients with MS but without any history of past visual disturbances showed an optic nerve involvement. Our results show that (1) clinically visual impairment is bilateral, even if optic neuritis seems unilateral, and (2) CS can detect silent lesions of the visual pathways in MS and may prove to be more sensitive than visual evoked potentials.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

IL-2 receptor and HLA class II antigens on cerebrospinal fluid cells of patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases.

The presence of IL-2 receptor and HLA class II antigens as detected by monoclonal antibodies on mononuclear cells from both cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood was examined by cytofluorographic analysis in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases. CSF as compared to blood was enriched in cells expressing IL-2 receptor and HLA class II molecules both in MS patients and in other inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system suggesting that activated T-cells concentrate within the central nervous system.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1987

[Expression of interleukin 2 receptor and class II histocompatibility antigens on lymphocytes of the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases].

The presence of IL2 receptor and HLA class II antigens on mononuclear cells from both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood was examined in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurological diseases. Cytofluorographic analysis of mononuclear cells was performed by means of indirect immunofluorescence on a flow cytometer using a linear scale. CSF as compared to blood was enriched in cells expressing IL2 receptor and HLA class II molecules both in MS patients and in other inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. The site of activation of these cells remains however questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Recurrent acute dyskinesia as the sole manifestation of phenytoin poisoning].

A 20 year-old epileptic female patient was admitted because of recurrent dyskinesias of 3 months duration. She was receiving phenobarbital, phenytoin (PHT) and clonazepam. PHT dosage had been increased 4 months earlier. Clinical examination and CT scan gave normal results. PHT plasmatic levels were 42 micrograms/ml on admission and there were no other symptoms of PHT toxicity. PHT-induced dyskinesias usually occur together with severe encephalopathy and/or clinical or paraclinical evidence of basal ganglia damage and/or other evidence of PHT toxicity, none of which were present here.

Adult↗