Biomedical subjects
E Rodgers
Publications and source records attributed to E Rodgers.
Treating pain with COX-2 inhibitors.
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Body distribution of azidothymidine bound to hexyl-cyanoacrylate nanoparticles after i.v. injection to rats.
Cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES e.g. macrophages) play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of AIDS. The objective of the present study was to investigate the possibility of specifically targeting antiviral drugs such as azidothymidine (AZT) to macrophages using nanoparticles as colloidal drug carriers. In a first series of experiments the body distribution of 14C-labelled AZT bound to nanoparticles and a similarly prepared control solution with unbound AZT were studied in rats after intravenous injection. In a second series of experiments polysorbate 80-coated nanoparticles and a solution of AZT in saline were tested. 14C-labelled AZT was bound to nanoparticles using the surfactant bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate sodium (DOSS). The radioactivity in several organs, including those containing large numbers of macrophages, was measured after intravenous injection of the AZT-nanoparticles and the AZT-control solutions. AZT concentrations were up to 18 times higher in organs belonging to the RES if the drug was bound to nanoparticles compared with unbound AZT. These results demonstrate that nanoparticles are a potential drug targeting system for anti-AIDS drugs. The increase in drug concentration at the sites containing abundant macrophages may allow a reduction in dosage to reduce systemic toxicity.
A leptin dose-response study in obese (ob/ob) and lean (+/?) mice.
This experiment determined the amount of leptin required to correct different abnormalities in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Baseline food intakes and body weights of lean (+/?) and obese (ob/ob) C57B1/6J mice were recorded for 7 days. An Alzet miniosmotic pump was placed in the peritoneal cavity of each mouse and delivered 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, or 42 microg/day human leptin for 7 days. In ob/ob mice, 2 microg leptin/day reduced food intake and body weight, and increased hypothalamic and brain stem serotonin concentrations. All fat pads were reduced 35-40% by 10 microg leptin/day, and liver weight, lipid, and glycogen decreased. Serum insulin and glucose were reduced in all leptin-treated ob/ob mice, and levels were normalized by 10 microg/day leptin. Low rectal temperatures of ob/ob mice were corrected by 10 and 42 microg/day leptin. These doses also increased brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein expression. The only responses in lean mice were a transient reduction in food intake and weight loss with 10 or 42 microg/day leptin. This study shows enhanced leptin sensitivity in ob/ob mice and suggests that increased temperature and sympathetic activity are indirect responses to high concentrations of protein.
Hepatitis B vaccination of babies in Melanesia.
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Approved Social Workers: safety and professional support.
The issue of violence and potential violence against Approved Social Workers (ASWs) cannot be discussed in isolation from its occurrence in mainstream social work. The contents of this article highlight some key issues, raise areas of concern and offer some constructive ideas regarding the planning of a strategy and policy for Approved Social Workers.
Loin pain-hematuria syndrome: how effective is renal autotransplantation in its treatment?
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate our experience with renal autotransplantation in the management of loin pain-hematuria (LPH) syndrome after relatively long follow-up (30 to 35 months). METHODS: Four patients with LPH syndrome of 3 to 18 years' duration underwent technically successful autotransplantation. All patients preoperatively had normal radiologic investigations, including renal arteriography and biopsy. All required narcotic analgesia for pain control. Patients were followed for 30 to 35 months. RESULTS: All 4 patients were pain and narcotic free for 6 months postoperatively. At 18 months after surgery, 3 of the 4 had recurrence of the pain and at 30 months, 2 required nephrectomy. Only 1 patient of 4 had sustained pain relief at 35 months. CONCLUSIONS: Renal autotransplantation certainly offers temporary relief from LPH syndrome, but in our experience this was not durable in the majority of our patients.
The effect of an interdisciplinary geriatrics clinic visit on mental status.
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Hospital cost inflation and physician payment.
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Evidence for the presence of cytosine photohydrates in UV irradiated nucleic acids.
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