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Biomedical subjects

E Robinson

Publications and source records attributed to E Robinson.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Experience in changing food habits of hyperlipidemic men and women.

In this study, the following were planned and tested: Methods of changing adult eating habits to conform with dietary principles for lowering serum lipids; a method to assess adherence to dietary modifications; and use of nutrition aides as instructors. Six slide-tape units--tested by individual, group, and self-teaching methods, and a combination of these--were effective as judged by such indicators as lowered serum cholesterol, reduced intake of saturated fat and dietary cholesterol, and increased intake of polyunsaturated fat. The Diet Achievement Score is an effective tool for assessing adherence. Nutrition aides proved useful in this study, when effectively supervised by professional nutritionists.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1979

Bone metastases and bone pain in breast cancer. Are they closely associated?

One hundred ninety patients with breast cancer were prospectively evaluated for bone pain and had technetium Tc 99m-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy for bone metastases. Of the 66 patients showing evidence for bone metastases, 21 (32%) did not have bone pain. There were 155 sites of skeletal metastases, but pain was found only in 50 sites. The age of the patient or involvement of weight-bearing bones did not seem to affect the association between bone metastases and pain. We discuss the need for periodic bone scintigraphy, even when the clinical state does not seem to warrant it.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect of methanol extraction residue of BCG on the cellular immune response in patients with malignant melanoma.

Twenty-one patients with malignant melanoma stage III and IV were treated by intradermal injections of MER--methanol extraction residue of Baccillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Twelve of the patients, all with active disease, received chemotherapy in addition. Tests of skin reactivity to recall antigens and in vitro lymphocyte transformation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), purified protein derivative (PPD), Canadidine, and Varidase were performed in 19 of the patients before and after the MER therapy. The skin reactivity improved in 8 patients, 5 patients maintained their cutaneous competence, 3 remained incompetent, and in 3 other patients a decrease in reactivity occurred. Improvement or maintenance of cutaneous response was more common in stage III than in stage IV patients. The in vitro lymphocyte stimulation tests have shown that reactivity increased or remained at a high level in 9 of 11 patients in stage III. It dropped or remained low in 2 patients in respect to all antigens used in spite of repeated MER injections. In most patients with stage IV disease no improvement could be detected. MER seems to be a potent immunostimulator in patients in stage III. The side effects were tolerable in all patients and consisted of local reactions and influenza-like symptoms. In 4 patients treated with MER by intralesional injections, transient flattening of nodules occurred but no complete regression was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Vitiligo associated with BCG-methanol extraction residue in malignant melanoma. Report of a case.

A pronounced vitiliginous reaction developed at the sites of MER/BCG injections given as an adjuvant immunotherapy to a patient with malignant melanoma. To our knowledge, this is the third report on patients exhibiting vitiligo apparently induced by immunotherapy and the first in association with MER. This association may be a sign for an antimelanocytic effect and may offer a further confirmation for the autoimmune nature of vitiligo.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer. (A randomized trial comparing radio-chemotherapy and radio-chemotherapy combined with the methanol extraction residue of BCG, MER).

Fifty-three patients with colorectal cancer Dukes' B2 and C were randomized after surgery. One group was treated by radio-and/or chemotherapy and the second by radio-and/or chemotherapy and MER. After 24 and 36 months a significant longer disease free interval, lower recurrence rate and better survival was found in the group treated by radio-chemo- and immunotherapy. Treatment was well tolerated and there were few local side effects from the MER injections. The long time efficacy of this adjuvant treatment whether it increases the cure rate or only delays recurrence does require longer follow-up.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1978

Bone scintigraphy in primary tumors of the head and neck.

Bones of the face and skull may be involved directly by adjacent primary tumors of the head and neck. Radiography, at present the standard method for detection of bone involvement in such tumors, is not sufficiently sensitive. Of 22 patients who showed bone involvement in scintigraphy, radiography in 15 was initially normal, in 6 the extent of the lesion was not completely shown and only in 3 was it as informative as scintigraphy. Bone scintigraphy should become a standard method for evaluation of the context of bone invasion by tumors of the head and neck.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1978

Comparative study of the endotoxin-stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium test in disease and health.

Endotoxin-stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was evaluated in 853 individuals: 270 healthy controls, 334 with various non-neoplastic conditions, 220 with solid non-lymphomatous tumours, and 29 with lymphoma. Each of the above groups was divided into three age subgroups: less than 60, 60-69, and greater than or equal to 70 years. In the controls and in patients with nonmalignant diseases, significantly lower values were recorded for elderly subjects (greater than or equal to 60 years) compared with younger subjects of the same group, whereas in cancer patients the results were independent of age. Under the age of 60, stimulated values for both patient groups were significantly lower than the control values, and in patients with solid non-lymphomatous tumours significantly lower values were attained than in the other patients. NBT reduction in lymphoma patients was comparable to that of the controls. In the elderly (age greater than or equal to 70) no significant differences were noted between patients and controls. It is suggested that stimulated NBT reduction declines with advancing age. While this test clearly demonstrates some leucocyte dysfunction in solid cancer, its value in investigating neutrophil behaviour in elderly subjects is questioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Multiple lymphocyte transformation tests by phytohemagglutinin in healthy individuals: transient episodes of decreased lymphocyte blastogenesis.

146 serial determinations of spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation as measured by tritiated thymidine incorporation, were performed in 24 healthy individuals. 9 persons were studied intensively during a mean period of 40 days and the other 15 underwent random investigations during a period up to 10 months. Transient episodes of significant decreased lymphocyte transformation were revealed in 14 persons (58.4%) with regard to the spontaneous blastogenesis and in 11 subjects (45.8%) with regard to PHA-induced reactivity. The occurrence of the decreased values in PHA responsiveness was significantly higher in the intensively studied group compared to the randomly investigated one (p = 0.001). The probability of detecting one low PHA-related response in a normal subject was 11%. In only half of the cultures with low spontaneous blastogenic response did a simultaneous decrease in PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation occur. In addition to the currently used stimulation index, a new index termed the Blastogenic Cumulative Index is proposed. It is defined as the sum of the logarithms of the dpm values of the spontaneous and the PHA induced lymphocyte transformation. The CI is suggested to describe lymphocyte blastogenic function more accurately, and due to its simplicity warrents further study. Other indices for lymphocyte blastogenesis determination are discussed.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous regression of malignant melanoma.

The case of a 47-year-old white female patient has been described with malignant melanoma that started as a node on her right ankle twelve years ago and regressed spontaneously. During the last two years of her life, dissemination of the melanoma appeared in the form of subcutaneous nodes, which regressed spontaneously in successive crops. In the course of her disease there was evidence of distant metastases to the brain. Spontaneous regression seems to have been enhanced by immunotherapy, when most of the metastases had regressed, including those in the brain.

BCG Vaccine↗