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Biomedical subjects

E Ritz

Publications and source records attributed to E Ritz.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Raynaud's phenomenon in dialysed patients (author's transl)].

In 158 uraemic patients on haemodialysis complaints resembling Raynaud's disease were observed more frequently (85 patients = 54%) than in an equal number of age and sex matched control persons (10 probands = 6%). The complaints were also registered in the arm without the fistula. Triggering causes were exposure to cold or isometric muscular exercise. The complaints were slightly more frequent in women and occurred in 28% prior to dialysis in the terminal stage of renal insufficiency. They were improved only in a minority of those treated with haemodialysis, however they disappeared after successful renal transplantation. Veno-occlusive plethysmographic investigations showed that in asympatomatic patients the resting perfusion at room temperature, the perfusion in reactive hyperaemia, and perfusion at 0 degrees C were not different from control persons. Patients with Raynaud's phenomenon had on average a diminished resting perfusion and a normal perfusion after reactive hyperaemia. The perfusion at 0 degrees C was lower than in asymptomatic patients but still higher than in patients with Raynaud's disease. Increased cooling of the skin and delayed rewarming were objectively measured by using skin temperatures. There was not correlation between the complaints or perfusion values and the vibration threshold.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hyperparathyoidism: influence of glomerular filtration rate on urinary excretion of cyclic AMP.

Urinary cyclic AMP excretion per 24 h or per g creatinine in primary hyperparathyroidism (1 degrees HPT) has been evaluated by several authors with conflicting results. In 50 patients with 1 degrees HPT, 25 patients with secondary (2 degrees) HPT and 35 healthy control persons we determined urinary cyclic AMP per 24 h or per g creatinine. These parameters did not satisfactorily discriminate patients from controls, especially when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as determined by creatinine clearance was reduced. Since urinary cyclic AMP is derived from plasma by glomerular filtration and from kidney by tubular production-the amount of tubules is reflected by GFR-the cyclic nucleotide was related to GFR. In controls urinary cyclic AMP correlated better with GFR than with creatinine excretion. Additionally, in 45 of 50 patients with 1 degrees HPT and in all with 2 degrees HPT, urinary cyclic AMP/GFR was raised. In 1 degrees HPT serum levels of parathyroid hormone correlated closer with urinary cyclic AMP/GFR than with urinary cyclic AMP/g creatinine. The ratio cyclic AMP/GFR decreased to normal or subnormal values after removal of adenomatous or hyperplastic glands in 1 degrees HPT and during infusion of calcium in 2 degrees HPT. In 50 patients with renal lithiasis caused by diseases other than 1 degrees HPT (anatomical variations, pyelonephritis, immobilization after tetraplegia) the ratio cyclic AMP/GFR was not raised. Urinary cyclic AMP/GFR, therefore, reflects parathyroid hormone excess more reliably than cyclic AMP/g creatinine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Skeletal growth in uremia.

Stable long-term chronic renal failure in the growing Sprague Dawley rat causes marked bone disease with impaired mineralization (i.e. rickets) and evidence of increased parathyroid hormone activity. Although significant bone disease is present, the rate of longitudinal growth is not diminished in preterminal renal failure. However, it is significantly diminished in terminal renal failure, when uremic rats are compared with sham-operated control rats at identical levels of food intake. At identical levels of food intake, weight gain is also diminished in rats with terminal uremia as compared with sham-operated control rats, suggesting increased calorie cost for growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Antibody-coated bacteria in the ejaculate: a possible test for prostatitis.

An immunofluorescence technique was used to study antibody coating of bacteria in ejaculates from 14 healthy individuals and 51 patients with complaints compatible with the diagnosis of prostatitis. Quantitative bacteriological cultures in the ejaculate were positive in 2 healthy individuals (14%) and in 25 patients with prostatic symptoms (49%). Antibody-coated bacteria could be demonstrated in 25 patients with prostatic symptoms (49%), 8 of whom had negative bacterial cultures, but in none of the healthy individuals. All 5 patients with epididymitis had antibody-caoted bacteria in the ejaculate. The 13 patients with antibody-coated bacteria in the ejaculate were given antibiotic treatment and the bacteria disappeared in 8 cases. The results document the presence of a (presumably local) immune response in bacterial prostatitis. Antibody coating of bacteria in the ejaculate seems to be helpful in the diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Effect of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on impaired calcium transport by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in experimental uremia.

In the fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum from skeletal muscle of rabbits with experimental uremia, defective calcium ion transport is found. An impairment of all parameters is observed (initial rate of uptake, storing capacity with and without oxalate, and concentrating ability). In vivo administration of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3)(2 X 27 ng X kg of body wt-1 X day-1 and 6 X 27 ng X kg-1 X day-1, respectively) improved the kinetic parameters. The low dose improved storing capacity, and the higher dose, in addition to the storing capacity, also corrected concentrating ability and the initial rate of uptake. It is concluded that active calcium transport in the sarcoplasmic reticulum is impaired by uremia and that this defect is responsive to the administration of 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Handskeleton studies with mammography technique in patients under antiepileptic medication (author's transl)].

An investigation with 114 epileptic patients under continuous treatment with anticonvulsiva was conducted in order to determine to what extent studies of the handskeleton with low-KV-technique will contribute to diagnosing osteopathy. The roentgenological findings of the hand were correlated with the x-ray findings of the remainder of the skeleton and with the results of biochemical studies. A control biopsy was performed in 8 cases. Definite and with all methods recognizable signs of osteomalacia were present in 7% of the cases, although only 2 patients developed a pathologic fracture. Another 32 patients (28%) showed suspicious changes in the handskeleton, which could not be confirmed by the comparative studies. No patient with normal findings of the handskeleton showed suspicious changes in the remainder of the skeleton or clinical and chemical indications of osteomalacia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Tumor x host cell hybrids in the mouse: chromosomes from the normal cell parent maintained in malignant hybrid tumors.

We investigated whether the malignancy of hybrids between normal and malignant cells could be correlated with the loss of specific genes borne by specific chromosomes from the normal parent cells. Tumors produced in mice by the inoculation of Cl.1D cells (an L cell derivative) contained tumor x host cell hybrids. Hybrid cell populations isolated from 14 tumors were injected into 123 mice, of which 108 (87%) developed tumors. Metaphases of growing hybrid cell tumors were analyzed by use of a trypsin-Giemsa banding technique. The chromosomes contributed by the host (normal) parent cell could be distinguished from Cl.1D chromosomes, since the latter exhibited morphologic differences due to rearrangements. In the 14 hybrid tumors analyzed, we found that any one of the chromosomes of the host cell might be present, which indicated that none of the chromosomes from the normal cell bore genetic information capable of suppressing the malignancy of Cl.1D cells. Absence of complimentation in the hybrids suggested that, even if the accumulation of several mutations were necessary for malignant tumor growth of Cl.D1 cells, none of these mutations is recessive.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Skeletal changes and growth in experimental uremia.

Longitudinal growth; bone and growth zone histology; growth cartilage and bone mineralization (tetracycline technique); bone Ca content (neutron activation analysis); bone radiology; serum and urine chemistry; urinary cAMP and serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 were studied in a long-term model of experimental uremia in the rat. Uremia was induced by two-stage subtotal nephrectomy with irradiation of the remaining parenchyma. Ccr in the experimental group was 113 +/- 5.8 micron1/min X 100 g (19.8% of controls) and serum creatinine 1.67 +/- 0.04 mg% (5.1 X control value). Uremic animals were pair-fed with sham-operated controls. In the proximal tibia delayed transformation of cartilage into primary spongiosa with appearance of chondro-osteoid and delayed transformation of primary spongiosa into secondary spongiosa was observed (rickets). Increased amounts of osteoid were present although 25-OH-vitamin D3-levels were high. There were only modest signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism (osteoclast counts; urinary cAMP). In spite of the presence of bone disease, longitudinal growth was not reduced in uremic animals as compared with pair-fed sham-operated animals, but was significantly reduced as compared with ad lib fed control animals. In contrast, weight gain was significantly diminished in uremic animals as compared with pair-fed sham-operated control animals. It is concluded that diminished intake of food is the major determinant of growth retardation in preterminal experimental renal failure.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Unchanged hormone sensitivity of rat fat cell adenylate cyclase in uremia.

The sensitivity to hormones of the fat cell adenylate cyclase system was tested in uremic rats and in pair-fed control animals. Basal enzyme activities averaged 1.25 nmoles of cAMP formed per mg protein per 15 min in controls compared to 1.30 nmoles cAMP/mg protein/15 min in fat cell ghosts obtained from uremic rats. NaF caused an approximately 4-fold stimulation of enzyme activities in both systems. It was shown that parathyroid hormone should be included amongst the hormones which act as stimulators of the enzyme system. The responsiveness of the rat fat cell adenylate cyclase system towards saturating concentrations of ACTH, glucagon, epinephrine and parathyroid hormone was not altered in the presence of chronic renal failure.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1977

Lactic acidosis.

Lactic acid is generated as the end product of anaerobic metabolism of glucose and is disposed by gluconeogenesis or oxidation. Changes in the lactate pyruvate ratio are not necessarily indicative of tissue hypoxia. The plasma lactate concentration is the result of lactate production and lactate removal (hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis; oxidation by muscle, liver and kidney). Lactic acidosis is defined as a state of metabolic acidosis (arterial pH less than 7.3) due to an increase in the blood concentration of lactate (greater than 2 mEq/l). Lactic acidosis may occur with evidence of tissue hypoxemia (type A) or in its absence (type B). Lactic acidosis has been described in association with phenformin therapy, hereditary enzymatic defects, hematological malignancy, prolonged fasting, shock with or without septicemia and occasionally without any underlying disease ("idiopathic" lactic acidosis). The therapy of lactic acidosis consists of administration of sodium bicarbonate and restoration of adequate tissue perfusion; hemodialysis may be helpful to control sodium excess and possibly to remove phenformin. The effectiveness of methylene blue, glucose and insulin are not yet established.

Acidosis↗