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Biomedical subjects

E Ritz

Publications and source records attributed to E Ritz.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acquired multicystic transformation of kidneys.

Acquired multicystic renal transformation of diseased kidneys is a problem known since the early 19th century which has recently regained interest. Such cysts were known before dialysis was established, are seen prior to hemodialysis and in patients on peritoneal dialysis, and can therefore not be a consequence of hemodialysis. It is concluded that an increased incidence of renal cell carcinoma in such kidneys is not established, although, theoretically, several mechanisms might promote carcinogenesis in end-stage kidneys.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Calciuric response to 1,25-(OH)2D3 in early renal failure.

In 10 patients with early renal failure (glomerular filtration rate between 30 and 80 ml/min/1.73 m2) without nephrotic syndrome and in 13 controls the calciuric response to increasing oral doses of calcitriol [1,25-(OH)2D3] (0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 micrograms/day) was evaluated. Patients had initially normal plasma calcitriol levels, normocalcemia and hypocalciuria. With calcitriol doses up to 1 microgram/day, the increment of UVCa was less in patients. Only at 1.5 micrograms/day the calciuria of patients reached the baseline calciuria of controls. The data document that 1.0 microgram calcitriol per day is required to normalize UVCa in patients with early renal failure and normal calcitriol levels. Blunted calciuric response to low doses of calcitriol is compatible with an altered dose-response relationship.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular death in haemodialysed diabetic patients.

In a retrospective study, causes of death and the cardiovascular risk conferred by established risk factors were analysed in 200 diabetic and 200 matched non-diabetic uraemic patients admitted for haemodialysis. Total and cardiovascular mortality was considerably higher in diabetics, both type I (4.8-fold) and type II (3.0-fold). Fifty-eight per cent of deaths in diabetics, but only 38 per cent of deaths in non-diabetics were due to cardiovascular causes; myocardial infarction and stroke accounted for less than 15 per cent of deaths, the majority being due to sudden death. Cardiovascular death in diabetes was predicted by both history of hypertension and by cardiomegaly, but to a much lesser extent by clinical evidence of macroangiopathy. The results are compatible with an important role of non-coronary cardiomyopathic mechanisms of cardiovascular death in dialysed diabetics.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Reduction of silicone particle release during haemodialysis.

Spallation of silicone was evaluated in an in vitro system, using a commercial blood pump and dialysis tubing. Silicone particle release was assessed at various occlusion forces (5.5-22 kp). When the occlusion force was reduced from 22 to 5.5 kp, the number of released silicone particles decreased by approximately 80 per cent; in parallel, the amount of silicone retrieved from the recirculation fluid decreased from 1.6mg to less than 0.23mg. It is concluded that reduction of occlusion pressure within the blood pump effectively reduces spallation of silicone tubing.

In Vitro Techniques↗
PubMed1985

Vaccination against hepatitis B in patients with renal insufficiency.

To define the degree of renal insufficiency at which the immune response to vaccination against hepatitis B is impaired, anti-HB concentrations after vaccination with 20 micrograms HB-Vax at 0, 1 and 6 months were examined in 76 dialysis patients, 24 patients with incipient renal failure (S-creatinine 1.4-3.5mg/dl) and in 43 controls. Compared with controls, seroconversion rate and anti-HB concentrations were significantly (p less than 0.02) lower in patients with incipient renal failure. The time course of anti-HBs in dialysis patients with successful vaccination, either with three doses (0, 1, 6 months) or with five doses (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 months) of HB-Vax was compared with healthy controls. The proportion of patients losing anti-HBs and the decrease of antibody concentration was significantly greater in dialysis patients immunised with three doses of the vaccine. In dialysis patients vaccinated with five doses, the percentage losing HB antibodies was slightly higher than in controls, but final titres after 24 months were comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hypertension in mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis.

Blood pressure in 75 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgA-GN), confirmed by renal biopsy, was related to clinical, immunological and morphological findings. The findings were compared with an age-matched control group of patients with non-IgA-GN. Overall prevalence of hypertension (HT) was similar in IgA-GN and non-IgA-GN (38.7% vs 38.2%). The presence of HT in IgA-GN was related to age, renal function, immunohistological pattern and degree of glomerular sclerosis or vascular lesions respectively. No correlation was found between HT and elevated serum IgA, circulating IgA immune complexes and IgA skin deposits. The current observations underline the value of hypertension for predicting development of renal failure. Vascular lesions are not only strongly correlated with, but may even precede development of, hypertension as confirmed by longitudinal observations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of muzolimine after acute and chronic dosing in hypertensive patients with mild renal insufficiency.

Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of muzolimine were investigated in 6 hypertensive patients with incipient renal insufficiency. Muzolimine plasma levels were determined after the first dose and after 8 weeks of treatment with muzolimine (20 mg o.d.). The area under the curve of muzolimine plasma levels was greater after 8 weeks than after the first dose. Also, peak plasma concentrations were higher after 8 weeks; however, muzolimine half-lives in the beta-phase were unchanged. Blood pressure and body weight decreased with time. Muzolimine was well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Sulfur-containing amino acids are a major determinant of urinary calcium.

Epidemiological evidence suggests a relation between dietary protein intake and nephrolithiasis. In addition, generation of acid equivalents from dietary protein increases urinary calcium excretion. To further evaluate the usefulness of epidemiological or clinical tools to study the relation between dietary protein and urinary calcium, the correlation between urinary urea and sulfate excretion on the one hand and calcium excretion on the other hand was examined in 42 healthy individuals. Only a modest correlation was found between urea and calcium excretion (r = 0.33); in contrast, the correlation between sulfate and calcium excretion was marked (r = 0.73) and highly significant (p less than 0.01). It remained significant when the influences of urea, sodium, hydroxyproline, and oxalate excretion were taken into account using partial regression analysis. In 9 healthy male probands, addition of 6 g L-methionine (40 mmol) to their usual diet caused an increase of urinary sulfate (+ 3,795 mg/24 h) and urinary calcium (+ 86.4 mg/24 h). The variable methionine/cysteine-cystine content of dietary proteins may explain why urinary calcium is correlated better with urinary sulfate than urinary urea.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Systemic light-chain disease as a complication of plasmacytoma].

An asymptomatic multiple myeloma of the kappa-light chain type was found in a patient with nephrotic syndrome and renal insufficiency. Light microscopy showed nodular glomerulosclerosis of the kidney similar to diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Diabetes mellitus could not be demonstrated. kappa-Light chain deposits could be shown by immunohistology in the mesangium and the glomerular and tubular basal membrane. In addition, massive kappa-light chain deposits in the sinusoidal walls of the liver and at the dermoepidermal junction of the skin and in the corium were found.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Evidence for impaired hepatic vitamin K1 metabolism in patients treated with N-methyl-thiotetrazole cephalosporins.

In 8 patients on no oral intake and with parenteral alimentation, administration of cephalosporins with N-methyl-thiotetrazole side chain (moxalactam, cefamandole), was associated with prolongation of prothrombin time, appearance in the circulation of descarboxy-prothrombin (counter immunoelectrophoresis and echis carinatus assay) and diminution of protein C. Acute administration of 10 mg vitamin K1 was followed by the transient appearance of vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide, indicating an impaired hepatocellular regeneration of vitamin K1 from the epoxide. Impaired hepatic vitamin K1 metabolism, tentatively ascribed to the N-methyl-thiotetrazole group, is one (but possibly not the only) cause of bleeding complications and depression of vitamin K1-dependent procoagulants in patients treated with the new class of cephalosporins.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Demonstration and characterization of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in human mononuclear blood cells.

Circulating human mononuclear blood cells were studied for the presence of specific 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) binding macromolecules. Cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and characterized by surface markers. Specific reversible high affinity binding by a 3.5 S macromolecule was demonstrated in malignant B-cells and circulating monocytes. In monocytes specific calcitriol binding was found both in the presence and absence of vitamin D3 to saturate the vitamin D3 binding serum protein. No specific calcitriol binding was found in resting B or T lymphocytes. The data suggest a role of calcitriol in the control of mononuclear blood cell proliferation/differentiation.

B-Lymphocytes↗