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Biomedical subjects

E Reske-Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to E Reske-Nielsen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Histological and morphometric observations on the reticular fibers in the arterial beds of patients with ruptured intracranial saccular aneurysms.

Histological and morphometric studies on the collagenous, reticular, and elastic fibers of the tunica media were performed on the middle cerebral and brachial arteries of patients with ruptured intracranial saccular aneurysms and controls. There was no difference between aneurysm patients and controls in the amount of collagenous and elastic fibers. The amount of reticular fibers was, however, reduced about 35% in aneurysm patients within both the middle cerebral artery (P less than 0.01) and the brachial artery (P less than 0.02). The reticular fibers were irregularly distributed and often appeared shorter and coarser than normally. The observations point to a generalized abnormality of the arterial bed in some patients with rupture of saccular aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Astrocytes in the prenatal central nervous system. From 5th to 28th week of gestation. An immunohistochemical study on paraffin-embedded material.

The CNS from 30 normal fetuses aged 5-28 weeks were studied in GFAP stained paraffin-embedded material. The technique of preparation, autopsy and fixation is described in details. GFAP reacting glial cells developed first in the spinal cord at 7 weeks, and appeared in all regions of CNS during fetal life in a systematic way but with a temporal variation. The supporting and guiding properties of the fibrillary astrocytes are stressed.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1987

Astrocytes in the postnatal central nervous system. From birth to 14 years of age. An immunohistochemical study on paraffin-embedded material.

The postnatal development of the fibrillary astrocyte in 25 children without any anamnestic or post mortem signs of disease were studied. The investigation was performed on basis of the immunoperoxidase method for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The supporting function of the external glial limiting membrane, the glial vascular limiting membrane and the metabolic role of the astrocytes are stressed. During the postnatal myelination of the white matter the immature astrocyte changed into the mature form and a dense fibrous network developed. The radially oriented glial processes of the Bergmann astrocytes of the cerebellum guided the fetal external granular cells during the migration. In the brainstem we found minor variations of the dense fibrous astrocytic network both in children dead after accidents and in sudden infant death syndrome. These findings presumably demonstrate a normal pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Central pontine myelinolysis. A case report with typical neuropathological findings.

A case of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) in an alcoholic patient with severe electrolyte changes is presented. Data in the literature suggest that it is safe to correct severe symptomatic hyponatremia to a value of 125-130 mEq/1 in 24 h. At the present time acute severe hyponatremia carries a bad prognosis if not treated with hypertonic NaCl solution. Electrolyte abnormalities are not the sole cause of CPM.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1986

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus and the mesencephalic nucleus. A neuropathological study.

The ganglion Gasseri and the brainstem were examined in three old patients with herpes zoster without predisposing diseases with special reference to the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. The primary lesions in the semilunar ganglion vary with the length of the course. Secondary changes in the brainstem were as expected from pons to the second cervical segment of the cord. Besides, we observed degeneration, inflammation and glial nodules in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus in two patients. According to Brodal this nucleus presumably corresponds to the semilunar and spinal ganglia. As herpes zoster virus is prone to attack the sensory nuclei our findings support this hypothesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Fiber types in the striated urethral and anal sphincters.

Seven normal human striated urethral and anal sphincters obtained by autopsy were examined using histochemical techniques. In both the urethral sphincter and the subcutaneous (s.c.) and superficial part of the anal sphincter a characteristic pattern with two populations of muscle fibers, abundant connective tissue, and numerous intramuscular nerves are seen. No spindles are observed. The muscle fibers, particularly the predominant type 1 fibers are very small (about 15 micron in diameter). The fiber characteristics of the sphincters indicate that these muscles have a capacity to produce sustained contractions and to react in stress conditions with fast increase in tension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Familial progressive myoclonic epilepsy. A clinical, genetical, biochemical and patho-anatomical study of a family with a 6-year follow-up.

Six siblings, including 4 cases of myoclonic epilepsy, their parents and 2 grandmothers were subjected to systematic investigation, and the patients were followed-up. The genetic studies revealed in the mother's family a patient with Lafora bodies demonstrated at autopsy. No chromosome abnormalities were found nor any linkage to the HLA system. The affected family members were characterized biochemically by an increased excretion of total glycosaminoglycans and/or an abnormal electrophoretic pattern of urinary glycosaminoglycans with an increased proportion of low-sulfated glycosaminoglycans. In the healthy family members this pattern of electrophoresis could also be demonstrated in the father and the paternal grandmother. Based on the biochemical results and the genetic studies it is suggested that the family members with progressive familial myoclonic epilepsy present a combination of at least 2 hereditary defects. The course of the disease has been relatively benign and treatment with sodium valproate, baclofen and clonazepam has shown quite satisfying results. In consequence of the biochemical findings combined treatment with A and E vitamins has been initiated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A neuropathological and neuropsychological study of Turner's syndrome.

A neuropathological study was made in 2 women with Turner's syndrome. Neuropsychological investigation in one of them correlated with what has previously been found in Turner's syndrome as well as with the localization of the most pronounced neuropathological aberration which was of atherosclerotic nature, most pronounced in the right temporo-parietal area. These findings as well as the findings of acidophile hypoplasia of the pituitary gland are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Association of trigeminal neuralgia with multiple sclerosis: clinical and pathological features.

The clinical characteristics of facial pain in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and associated multiple sclerosis (MS) were studied. Among 900 patients with TN 22 (2.4%) had associated MS. Sixteen patients had typical TN, while six had atypical TN. Facial pain commenced at a younger age (P less than 0.005) and a significantly higher proportion had bilateral facial pain (P less than 0.01) in the group with MS compared to TN patients without MS. In three patients TN was the first manifestation of MS, in the remainder facial pain occurred on an average of 12 years after onset of MS. Seventeen patients had associated signs of brain-stem involvement. The facial pain was, however, indistinguishable from the pain in patients without brain-stem deficits. While sclerotic plaques in the central nervous system probably are of etiological significance for development of TN neither clinical nor neuropathological findings suggest that this is due to affection of trigeminal nuclei complex in the brain-stem.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

Cardiac involvement in juvenile amaurotic idiocy--a specific heart muscle disorder. Histological findings in 13 autopsied patients.

Juvenile amaurotic idiocy (JAI) is a rare disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance. It belongs to the so called ceroid lipofuscinoses and the central nervous system is the largest organ. Only very few reports refer to the accumulation of lipopigment in the heart of JAI patients. This study describes the morphology of the heart from all 13 patients with JAI in Denmark who died within a seven year period; electrocardiographic findings are related to structural changes. All compartments of the heart were involved, including the conduction system. Not only very substantial deposition of lipopigment was found in the myocytes, but we have also observed striking amounts of calcium and cholesterol compounds indicating a restrictive type of heart muscle disorder. These structural changes are uniform from case to case. Because of the nature of the disease only rather poor information of the cardiac state is available in JAI patients. 11 patients showed some cardiac enlargement. In 6 patients abnormal P-waves were recorded in the ECG suggesting increased atrial and ventricular diastolic pressure. 2 patients had bradycardia, probably due to sinus node involvement, and one patient developed complete right bundle branch block. However, in the 4 patients in whom the cardiac conduction system could be examined histologically no evidence of disturbance of cardiac impulse formation and conduction was seen in the few standard ECG strips available in spite of extensive deposition of abnormal material throughout the conduction system. There seems to be a discrepancy between the relatively minor functional disturbances observed and the heavy morphological changes of the entire heart. This aspect, however, may well be altered by an intensified clinical observation and examination of JAI patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Obstructive hydrocephalus following Pantopaque myelography.

A case with delayed development of obstructive hydrocephalus most probably caused by Pantopaque myelography is reported. At autopsy it was found that the foramina of Magendi and Luschka were occluded by granulation tissue in which the most common findings were multinucleated giant cells containing calcareous and unstained vacuoles, frequently surrounding empty hollows, many lymphocytes and plasma cells. As compared with two other similar cases and several animal investigations this shows that the reaction of the tissue is typical of a Pantopaque reaction.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

DNA content of meningiomas.

Flow cytometric DNA analysis was carried out in 35 meningiomas. Thirty-three had diploid stem lines while two were aneuploid having a triploid DNA mode. Both aneuploid meningiomas were grossly huge nodular tumours and one had malignant histologic features. Flow cytometry in meningiomas is a rapid means of determining the DNA modes and adds objective information to microscopy. Appropriate cases may be selected for further cytogenetic studies.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1979

Diagnostic aid of aspiration biopsy cytology in brain lesions.

In a series of 28 neurosurgical cases we tried to assess the value of aspiration biopsy cytology from brain lesions during the operation. Cytological aspirates during craniotomy were compared with simultaneously performed frozen section biopsies. Cytology was correct in 24 out of 28 cases (86%). It is concluded that aspiration cytology permits a safe microscopic diagnosis provided the specimens are cellular and representative. Cases are mentioned where this technique can be very useful and/or the only way to obtain microscopic evidence of a malignant tumour before treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Flow cytometry in tumours of the brain.

Flow cytometry was used for studying the distribution of single cell DNA content in biopsy material from 85 patients with benign and malignant lesions of the brain and spinal cord. In inflammatory lesions and in most benign tumours, cells with diploid DNA values were observed, sometimes with additional smaller amounts of tetraploid DNA. Cells from malignant tumours were characterized by marked hyperploid DNA values. Flow cytometry is found a rapid and valuable method adding important information to the biological nature of tumours of the central nervous system.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Incidence and long term survival of children with intracranial tumours treated in Denmark 1935-1959.

The total number of children under 15 years of age with intracranial tumours in Denmark during the years 1935-1959 was found to be 533. The average incidence was 21 new cases/10(6) children/year during the 25-year period in question, and 25/10(6) children/year during the first 17 years of Danish cancer registration. The sex ratio (290 boys to 243 girls) was not significantly different from that of the child population in Denmark. In 219 cases the tumour was located in the supratentorial and in 314 in the infratentorial space. 93% of the tumours were histologically verified, with the following order of frequency for the most usual types: astrocytomas (all grades), medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and craniopharyngiomas. Follow-up was 100%. For the 345 children who survived for more than one month after operation or diagnosis, 36% were alive after 15 years. 119 patients were alive in April 1974 and these were all observed between 15-40 years after diagnosis and operation. Of these 44 had tumours in the supratentorial and 75 in the infratentorial space. 66% of the survivors with supratentorial and 90% with infratentorial tumours led a normal life. Most of the survivors had had a cerebellar astrocytoma, a supratentorial astrocytoma, an apendymoma or oligodendroglioma, but other histological diagnoses were also represented, especially in the supratentorial group. The long-term prognosis was especially bad for children with brain-stem tumours, infratentorial ependymomas and medulloblastomas.

Adolescent↗