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Biomedical subjects

E Reinold

Publications and source records attributed to E Reinold.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Umbilical blood flow relations in different segments of the umbilical cord. Part 1. Physiologic index constellation].

Based on a collective of 500 women with normal singleton pregnancies we examined the indices of flow resistance along the umbilical cord. Measurements were taken at the foetal abdominal side of the Aa. umbilicales on the one hand and at the placental insertion of the vessels on the other. According to our results we were able to establish a physiological constellation of the indices for each week of gestation, and - subsequently - for the whole duration of pregnancy. These constellations could be considered physiological. They may serve as a basis for the definition of pathological conditions.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of cephalothoracopagus--a case report].

Cephalothoracopagus twins were diagnosed at 22 weeks' gestation, hence this case was diagnosed early enough antenatally to allow vaginal pregnancy termination. This case underlines the need for exact ultrasound screening during early pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Umbilical blood flow relations in patients with gestosis-- gestosis-specific Doppler phenomenon].

A collective of 48 pregnant women, whose pregnancies showed signs of a pregnancy-induced hypertension or gestotic tendencies was examined by Doppler ultrasound. The subject of interest was the resistance along the umbilical cord. Measurements were taken both ends of the umbilical cords. Usually, a decline of the indices is seen, which makes the difference between the two ends (Delta F) turn out positive. Pregnancies with any sign of a gestotic development, showed elevated resistances at the placental end of the cord. The indices of the foetal abdominal insertion were just about the same. Delta F changed significantly in our group of patients. Here, the values of both sides either did not differ from one another or the placental indices even exceeded the foetal ones. We called this special constellation of umbilical indices a Doppler phenomenon characterising gestotic pregnancies.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1992

[Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA infections of the uterine cervix].

411 women who had dysplasia, selected from an ambulatory group as well as 240 women from a random control group were examined, by using cervical smears, which were initially diagnosed as human papilloma viruses-DNA (HPV-DNA) of the type 6/11, or 16/18, or 31/33/35. This was achieved by the in-situ nucleic acid hybridisation technique. The results of the HPV-DNA typing were tabulated with the cytological diagnosis (Munich Papanicolaou (Pap.) group-classification). The control group corresponding to Pap.Gr. I, and was HPV-DNA positive in 6 (2.5%) of the 240 cases. The group of 180 patients with a Pap.Gr. II showed a HPV-DNA positive result for 75 cases (41.7%); 57 of 99 cases (57.6%) occurred in Pap.Gr. IIID; 42 of 54 cases 77.8% (L) were found in Pap.Gr. IV (a/b), and 72 of 78 cases (92.3%) appeared in Pap.Gr. V. The HPV-DNA mixed infections became evident as the cellular dysplasia increased. The results of the HPV-DNA positive diagnosis clearly indicate a close correlation with the Pap.Gr.-classification. The HPV-DNA type 16/18 was most frequent in cervical carcinomas (Pap.Gr. V). The cyto-histological control of the 57 HPV-DNA positive cases of the untreated Pap.Gr. IIID showed a regression in 31.6% of the 18 cases after a period of 3 to 6 months (post HPV-DNA typing). These were histologically normal. In 33 cases (57.9%), there was a persisting Pap.Gr. IIID (CIN I/II) and in 6 cases (10.5%) a progredient correlation in Pap.Gr. IV a/b. The Pap. group IV (a/b) was histologically a CIN grade III.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Vaginal ultrasound studies of cervix closure with special reference to parity].

In this study, the cervical length, thickness, the width of the internal os, the cervical canal and the external os of 62 primipara and 77 multipara were measured vaginosonographically. Only patients with normal pelvic scores were examined. The measurements were carried out approx. every fortnight between the 16th and 34th gestational week. In the primipara group, the average cervical length was 36.8 mm +/- 12.0 mm, the thickness 27.8 mm +/- 4.4, the width of the internal os 6.3 +/- 2.1 mm, the cervical canal 4.2 +/- 2.0 mm and the external os 5.4 +/- 2.2 mm. In the multipara group, an average cervical length of 40.1 mm +/- 7.4 mm, a thickness of 29.3 +/- 3.9 mm, an internal os of 5.1 +/- 2.6 mm, a cervical canal of 4.3 +/- 1.3 mm and an external os of 5.8 +/- 1.8 mm were found. Contrary to our expectations, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore we did not find any correlation between the internal and the external os.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1992

[Latent cervical virus infection as a possible cause of early abortion].

Cervical smears of 50 women who had an abortion were examined by dot-blot hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA. HPV DNA type 16 or 18 positivity was shown in 17.6% of the cases; in the aborted material, however, it amounted to 30.8%. IgM-positive titres were present in a few cases. In cervical smears of intact pregnancies, positivity for HPV DNA types 6 and 11 was detected in 9.5% and for the HSV DNA types 1 and 2 and CMV DNA in 48.0% of the cases. In this group of patients mostly positive IgM and IgG titers were present.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1992

[Effect of high performance sports on female menstrual cycle exemplified by windsurfing].

Questionnaires were sent to all female members (n = 60) of the Austrian Funboard Association (funboard = the most athletic windsurfing class). They included questions about the menstrual cycle, physical capacity, libido and performance dependent on the particular cycle phase. There was no significant libido or capacity peak, neither for the windsurfers nor for a normal collective (n = 100); on the other hand there was an evident low during menstruation. A mean length of the menstrual cycle of 26.5 +/- 2.8 days and a bleeding time of 4.4 +/- 1.2 days were found, while metrorrhaghia and dysmenorrhea were less frequent than in the normal collective. One reason for these findings could be that physical activity reduces dysmenorrhea.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[C-erbB-2 oncogene amplification in breast cancer in correlation to steroid and epidermal growth factor receptor].

The amplification grade of oncogene c-erbB-2 was examined by the polymerase-chain-reaction-method in DNA's of 56 primary mammary carcinomas. 26 (46.4%) of these showed the amplified oncogene c-erbB-2. In the strongly amplified cases, the expression of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was verifiable immunohistochemically. Between the progesterone receptor status (PR) and the amplified c-erbB-2 oncogene there was a statistically proven dependency. No correlation was observed between the amplified c-erbB-2 oncogene and the epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR).

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasonic Doppler flow studies of the uterine arteries in women with cervix cancer.

The main characteristic of malignant tumors is their capacity for local destructive spread as well as infiltration into the adjacent tissue. The present study was carried out to evaluate the hemodynamic alterations in patients with advanced cervix cancer. Data of 34 patients with cervix cancer are compared to 30 healthy women with normal history. The mean pulsatility index (PI) was significantly lower in cancer patients (PI = 1.75 +/- 1.27) than in controls (PI = 3.18 +/- 0.99). Use of noninvasive Doppler ultrasound study physiology of uterine hemodynamics in patients with cervix cancer is of great clinical relevance and paves the way for further investigations in screening programs for cervix cancer.

Arteries↗
PubMed1990

Early detection of ectopic pregnancy by transvaginal ultrasound.

Transvaginal (TVU; 19 patients) and transabdominal ultrasound (TAU; 24 patients) were compared in their ability to visualize an ectopic pregnancy. The direct visualization of ectopic pregnancy (EUP) was 25% with TAU and 94.7% with TVU. All women had a proven EUP in laparoscopy. TAU approach showed a significant inferiority (P less than 0.02) and TVU a superiority (P less than 0.08) in comparison to clinical examination. 83% of 43 women had spotting. Nonspecific signs for EUP like fluid in the pouch of Douglas was seen in 20.9%. Thin endometrium was seen in 6.9%, in 37.2% the thickness of endometrium was under 10 mm, in 55.8% more than 10 mm. An intrauterine pseudogestation sac was detected in 6.9%, corpus luteum formation in 37.2%.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Antenatal assessment of fetal maturity--a comparison of ultrasound-cephalometry and radiology (author's transl)].

334 ultrasound-cephalometries and 231 X-ray fetographies were performed for antenatal assessment of fetal maturity as well as for exact estimation of gestational age in women with unknown date of donfinement. The accurance of the predictions was compared. Ultrasound-cephalometry gave best results when performed until the 20th week of gestation. A correct prediction was obtained in 80.4% of cases. After the 20th week of gestation, the accuracy of prediction decreased. Radiology on the contrary gave optimal results at the end of pregnancy. A correct prediction of the date of confinement was obtained in 73.8% of cases, when the X-ray fetography was performed between the 37th and 40th week of gestation. At the end of gestation radiography should be performed, if there is a discrepancy between ultrasound and clinical estimation or if ultrasound-cephalometry was not carried out in early pregnancy--especially if induction of labour is necessary.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1979

[Hexoprenalin as a tocolytic drug (author's transl)].

Hexoprenalin, a betasympathomimetic drug, was tested with respect to tocolytic effect and cardiovascular side effects. The dosage varied according to the obstetrical situation and the resultant indication for tocolysis. "Long-term tocolysis" in the prophylaxis of premature labour was indicated when more or less rhythmical uterine contractions were present without any effect, as yet, on the cervix. The dosage was 0.075 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously as long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in fetal heart rate being 2.43% and the mean rise in maternal heart rate 4.13%. Massive tocolysis to inhibit effective premature labour was indicated when rhythmical uterine contractions had already exerted an effect on the cervix. The dosage was 0.33 microgram/min hexoprenalin intravenously in form of a long-term infusion using a motor pump. In a collective of 20 patients in the last trimester of pregnancy the tocolytic effect was satisfactory, the mean rise in maternal heart rate being 33% and the mean rise in fetal heart rate 3%.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

[Perinatal mortality in twin pregnancies. Progress in perinatology].

162 twin pregnancies of the I. Univ.-Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Vienna between 1969 and 1977 have been analysed (1969--1974 = group I; 1975--1977 = group II). It was found that the main risk factors of twin gravidity are the high rate of babies born before term, the high rate of operative deliveries and the high rate of perinatal mortality. The twin pregnancy should be diagnozed early. This allows the possibility of prophylactic therapy of onset of labour before term. According to our observations the difference in mortality rates between the first and the second group is very high (13,3 in comparison to 5,5%). The management of twin pregnancies as a high risk delivery with continuous fetal monitoring has doubled the number of indications for caesarean section. The essential problem of twin pregnancy seems to be the high rate of premature deliveries. Therefore an adequate increase of the legal antenatal and postnatal maternal protection period is emphasized.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

[Perinatal problems in breech presentation].

543 cases of breech presentation at the 1st Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Vienna were investigated. The rate of Cesarean section showed during the last years a distinct increase (1969 to 1973: 16,6%, 1974 to 1977: 27,9%, 1977: 39,7%). A significant decrease of perinatal mortality in cases of breech presentation was not observed. On the other hand an increase in Cesarean sections diminishes the rate of perinatal mortality. In this publication the findings concerning the obstetrical results using abdominal or vaginal delivery are compared. No significant difference in perinatal mortality could be found. A better result could only be achieved in cases of mature infants. Our point of view is, that at present the indication of Cesarean section for cases of breech presentation should be very liberal. On the other hand vaginal delivery in some cases is still of importance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

[Administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandins F2 alpha in intrauterine fetal death, missed abortion and hydatidiform mole (author's transl)].

10 patients with missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death or hydatifidiform mole were given 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha intramuscularly for the induction of labour or, in 2 cases, to obtain softening of the cervix prior to curettage. The mean time interval between induction and abortion was 6 h 9 min, with a mean dosage of 890 mcg prostaglandin per patient. Vomiting or diarrhoea occurred in 7 patients. Apart from a drop in haemoglobin concentration in 1 patient and a temporary increase in white cell count in 6 patients, no other pathological laboratory findings were detected. We conclude from these results and the relevant literature that the intramuscular administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin is an effective and safe means of inducing labour in missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death and hydratidiform mole.

Abortion, Missed↗