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E Reinhard

Publications and source records attributed to E Reinhard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Two-stage cultivation of Digitalis lanata cells: semicontinuous production of deacetyllanatoside C in 20-litre airlift bioreactors.

A two-stage cultivation method was employed to develop a semicontinuous biotransformation process for the production of deacetyllanatoside C, a cardenolide of the important digoxin series. Digitoxin was used as the substrate for biotransformation. The process was optimized in 1-l shake flasks and then established on the 20-l scale using two airlift bioreactors, one for cell growth (working volume 12 litres) and another for deacetyllanatoside C production (working volume 18 litres). Growth and production phases were synchronized and the process finally ran semicontinuously in 7-d cycles. Six consecutive production runs were performed yielding a total of 43.8 g deacetyllanatoside C.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed1990

On the accumulation of apigenin in chamomile flowers.

By preparing and analysing extracts of fresh chamomile flowers from outdoor and greenhouse cultures, it was possible to show that apigenin does not actually occur in living chamomile flowers. Apigenin is the result of post-harvest processes converting apigenin 7-glycoside and its derivatives into the aglycone. The different apigenin/apigenin 7-glycoside ratios reported in the literature for various chamomile samples can easily be explained as the result of different post-harvest conditions. The accumulation of free apigenin in chamomile flowers must be ascribed to the enzymatic degradation of apigenin 7-glycoside and other glycosidic derivatives of apigenin. Thus, the selection of chamomile types yielding large amounts of apigenin seems to be based on a degradation product.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Studies on the Origin of (-)-alpha-Bisabolol and Chamazulene in Chamomile Preparations; Part I. Investigations by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS).

IRMS was used to determine the delta (13)C-and deltaD-values of dried plant material and essential oil fractions of CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA and VANILLOSMOPSIS ERYTHROPAPPA and of isolated components thereof. Both plants turned out to follow the same C (3) photosynthetic pathway. The carbon isotope ratios ( delta (13)C-values) of chamomile-derived bisabolol ranged from -32 per thousando to -30 per thousand; the corresponding deltaD-values varied between -240 per thousand and -205 per thousand. VANILLOSMOPSIS bisabolol differed significantly, with delta (13)C-values of approximately -27 per thousand, and a deltaD-value of about -175 per thousand. In addition, chamazulene of chamomiie was characterized by a delta (13)C-value of -31 per thousand, whereas in chamazulene from ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM lower carbon discrimination was found (delta (13)C = -30 per thousand). The delta (13)C-values allowed us to detect adulterations of chamomiie preparations. The isolation of bisabolol, a main ingredient of these preparations, and subsequent IRMS analysis is much more tedious than GC/IRMS, which makes it possible to determine the carbon isotope ratio of bisabolol without prior isolation. Only one commercial chamomiie preparation was completely free of non-chamomile admixtures. Our investigations clearly demonstrate that admixtures of natural compounds can be detected in chamomile oil and chamomile preparations even if there is no difference in the photosynthetic mechanism of the corresponding plants.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Detection of glia-derived nexin in the olfactory system of the rat.

Glia-derived nexin (GDN) is a 43 kd cell-secreted protease inhibitor with neurite promoting activity. We have raised specific polyclonal antisera to rat GDN. These antibodies stain a single band at 43 kd on immunoblots of concentrated C6 glioma-conditioned medium and have been used to demonstrate that GDN is present in the olfactory system of the rat. One band at 43 kd is recognized by the GDN antibodies on immunoblots of olfactory bulb homogenate. Immunohistochemistry shows that GDN occurs predominantly in the olfactory nerve layer of the olfactory bulb and in the olfactory submucosa. Comparative studies with antibodies against vimentin, GFAP, and fibronectin suggest that anti-GDN recognizes cells associated with the olfactory system, but not exclusively the olfactory neurons themselves. Data from the immunohistochemical studies were confirmed by RNA blots and GDN mRNA expression throughout development of the olfactory bulb. The high levels of GDN in the rat olfactory system may be related to the continuous degeneration and regeneration phenomena taking place in these structures.

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor↗
PubMed1983

The syndrome of idiopathic myelofibrosis. A clinicopathologic review with emphasis on the prognostic variables predicting survival.

We describe here a series of 88 consecutive patients with bone marrow fibrosis. Primary causes for the fibrosis were discovered in 26% of the cases shortly after the initial diagnosis. Pathology review of the remaining cases revealed an 8% incidence of "hairy cell leukemia" that had escaped detection originally. The remaining cases, characterized as having "unexplained bone marrow fibrosis" or "idiopathic myelofibrosis," are the subject of this study. The clinical and laboratory findings are compared to those reported in previous series of selected cases with similar features in which patients were diagnosed as having "agnogenic myeloid metaplasia," "myelosclerosis," or "myelofibrosis." A brief summary of the treatment modalities used, and the clinical course and outcome of these patients are also presented. There was a marked variability in the clinical severity of the disease and in the survival of these patients. A detailed statistical analysis of 40 variables at the time of initial diagnosis showed that the factors that best predicted a poor survival were unexplained fever, weight loss, night sweats, anemia and thrombocytopenia. On the other hand, the size of the spleen or of the liver, the degree of immaturity of the peripheral blood white cells, and the degree of fibrosis or cellularity in the bone marrow biopsy were of no detectable prognostic significance. These findings suggest that in patients with unexplained fibrosis of the bone marrow (the syndrome of idiopathic myelofibrosis) a poor prognosis is not a direct consequence of the marrow fibrosis or the associated extramedullary hematopoiesis, but rather is related to the presence and/or the severity of some unexplained primary marrow defect, which is also often associated with the nonspecific symptoms of a systemic illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[A questionnaire for early recognition of digitalis intoxication (author's transl)].

The diagnostically relevant data of 1164 patients under digitalis were stored in a computer and compared statistically for toxic and nontoxic patients. Resulting from this a questionnaire was developed in which each item was weighted according to its own diagnostic value. In a prospective study 77 suspected cases of digitalis intoxication were classified according to their scoring in the questionnaire. In 92% of the patients this classification was confirmed by the final diagnosis (after withdrawal of the glycoside). Mean score and mean serum digoxin concentration (SDC) of the toxic patients were significantly higher. There was a high consensus between the final diagnosis, the classification by the questionnaire and the SDC. The questionnaire proved to be a useful aid in the bedside diagnosis of digitalis intoxication.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1977

Prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in idiopathic sideroblastic anemia.

In order to determine the prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in idiopathic sideroblastic anemia, the clinical courses of 17 patients were reviewed. Six patients (36%) had thrombocytosis, and none developed acute leukemia. Nine patients (53%) had normal platelet counts, and one developed acute leukemia. Two patients (12%) were thrombocytopenic, and one died of acute leukemia. There was little correlation between survival and platelet count. Sixty-three additional case reports of idiopathic sideroblastic anemia were collected from the literature. Analysis of those patients and the patients in the present study documented transformation to acute leukemia in 5 of 9 (56%) thrombocytopenic patients, 4 of 54 (7.4%) patients with normal platelet counts, and 0 of 17 patients with thrombocytosis (p less than 0.05). Therefore patients with idiopathic sideroblastic anemia and thrombocytosis appear to have a decreased likelihood of leukemic transformation.

Aged↗