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Biomedical subjects

E Reid

Publications and source records attributed to E Reid.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Acute fenitrothion poisoning.

A technician was accidentally exposed to the organophosphorus insecticide fenitrothion and subsequently treated with pralidoxime for the autonomic, somatic and psychiatric manifestations of intoxication. Although long-term therapy with pralidoxime is not recommended, this patient required and obtained symptomatic benefit from its prolonged use. Erythrocytic and plasma cholinesterase activities had been monitored prior to exposure and were monitored throughout treatment and following recovery. Continual monitoring of cholinesterase activities of individuals occupationally exposed to organophosphorus ester insecticides and early diagnosis are essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Heterogeneous distribution of enzymes among plasma-membrane fragments sedimenting with the microsomal fraction of rat liver.

Plasma-membrane fragments recovered in the microsomal fraction of rat liver homogenates were shown to be heterogeneous in density. It was demonstrated that 5'-nucleotidase, the most commonly used plasma-membrane marker, is concentrated in the lightest subfraction. Two of the published procedures for the isolation of plasma-membrane fragments from the microsomal fraction (Touster et al., 1970; Hinton et al., 1971) are shown to give products which are not representative of all the plasma-membrane fragments of microsomal size, and it is argued that a third procedure (House & Weidemann, 1970) is likely to give a similar product.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1974

Centrifugation.

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Animals↗
PubMed1973

Alkaline ribonuclease and phosphodiesterase activity in rat liver plasma membranes.

The ribonuclease and phosphodiesterase activities of rat liver plasma membranes, purified from the crude nuclear fraction by centrifugation in an A-XII zonal rotor and flotation, were examined and compared. The plasma membrane is responsible for between 65 and 90% of the phosphodiesterase activity of the cell and between 25 and 30% of the particulate ribonuclease activity measured at pH8.7 in the presence of 7.5mm-MgCl(2). Both enzymes were most active between pH8.5 and 8.9. Close to the pH optimum, both enzymes were more active in Tris buffer than in Bicine or glycine buffer. Both plasma-membrane phosphodiesterase and ribonuclease were strongly activated by Mg(2+), there being at least a 12-fold difference between the activity in the presence of Mg(2+) and of EDTA. There is, however, a difference in the response of the enzymes to Mg(2+) and EDTA in that the phosphodiesterase is fully activated by 1.0mm-MgCl(2) and fully inhibited by 1.0mm-EDTA, whereas the ribonuclease requires 7.5mm-MgCl(2) for full activation and 5mm-EDTA for full inhibition. Density-gradient centrifugation has indicated that on solubilization in Triton X-100 most of the ribonuclease activity is released into a small fragment of the same size as that containing the phosphodiesterase activity. The relationship between the two activities is discussed in view of these results.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Specificity of certain biochemical derangements in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Earlier work on acid-soluble nucleotides and other liver constituents as affected by azo-dye carcinogenesis has now been extended, with trial of ethionine (weakly carcinogenic) and of α-naphthylisothiocyanate (noncarcinogenic). The effects of ethionine feeding on whole-tissue nucleotide levels were not dramatic, and were generally dissimilar to those produced by azo-dye feeding. However a fall in some or all of the purine nucleotides can still be regarded as a feature of hepatocarcinogenesis.A fall in mitochondrial nucleotides, as previously found in azo-dye experiments, likewise occurs with ethionine feeding, but also with α-naphthylisothiocyanate. It is suggested that the latter warrants testing as a co-carcinogen. Unlike azo-dyes, ethionine is without adverse effect on the yield of protein in cytoplasmic particles and (in common with α-naphthylisothiocyanate) it raises the yield of RNA in the supernatant fraction.In liver from ethionine-fed rats and in ethionine-induced hepatomas, the activity of enzymes concerned in UMP synthesis showed a rise more striking than that found with azo-dyes.

Animals↗