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Biomedical subjects

E R Pope

Publications and source records attributed to E R Pope.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Evoked potentials induced by transcranial stimulation in dogs.

Evoked potentials were induced by transcranial stimulation and recovered from the spinal cord, and the radial and sciatic nerves in six dogs. Stimulation was accomplished with an anode placed on the skin over the area of the motor cortex. Evoked potentials were recovered from the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord by electrodes placed transcutaneously in the ligamentum flavum. Evoked potentials were recovered from the radial and sciatic nerves by surgical exposure and electrodes placed in the perineurium. Signals from 100 repetitive stimuli were averaged and analyzed. Waveforms were analyzed for amplitude and latency. Conduction velocities were estimated from wave latencies and distance traveled. The technique allowed recovery of evoked potentials that had similar characteristics among all dogs. Conduction velocities of potentials recovered from the radial and sciatic nerves suggested stimulation of motor pathways; however, the exact origin and pathway of these waves is unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Paraparesis caused by epidural granuloma in a cat.

Caudal paraparesis in a cat was determined to be caused by an epidural mass. Surgical decompression was performed, and the mass was determined to be a granuloma. Fusobacterium and Bacteroides spp were isolated from the granuloma. Epidural granulomas are seldom reported in dogs and cats. Decompression and administration of antibiotics led to recovery of this cat even though in human beings an unfavorable prognosis is given if neurologic deficits have developed.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1988

Paraesophageal hiatal hernia and pyloric obstruction in a dog.

Paraesophageal hiatal herniation and pyloric obstruction were diagnosed in a pup with a history of vomiting. Findings of contrast radiography included esophageal reflux, delayed gastric emptying time, and paraesophageal herniation. Exploratory celiotomy revealed increased firmness of the pylorus and a primary defect in the esophageal hiatus, which allowed gastric herniation. Nissen fundoplication was performed following reconstruction of the esophageal hiatus, and pyloroplasty was performed to relieve the gastric outlet obstruction. Pyloric biopsy findings were consistent with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. Recovery from surgery was initially unremarkable; however, the dog died suddenly 3 weeks after surgery. Necropsy revealed a large diaphragmatic hernia adjacent to the esophageal hiatus; the hernia had resulted in incarceration of the abdominal organs. The hiatal hernia reconstruction remained intact and was not the cause of the diaphragmatic disruption.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Bronchoesophageal fistula and transient megaesophagus in a dog.

Bronchoesophageal fistula and megaesophagus were diagnosed in a dog. Within 2 days after surgical correction of the bronchoesophageal fistula, peristalsis in the thoracic portion of the esophagus returned to normal and the esophagus resumed its normal size. The cause of the fistula was attributed to damage from a foreign body. The cause of the transient megaesophagus likely was related to the bronchoesophageal fistula.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of skin graft preparation and graft survival on the secondary contraction of full-thickness skin grafts in dogs.

The effects of 4 skin grafting techniques and graft survival on the secondary contraction of full-thickness skin grafts were evaluated. A total of 48 skin grafts were done on 12 dogs, with 2 skin grafts placed on both sides of the thorax of each dog. The grafting techniques included the sheet graft, sheet graft with continuous low-level suction provided by a butterfly catheter and evacuated glass tube, pie-crust graft, and nonexpanded mesh graft. Graft viability was assessed by visual inspection 10 days after surgical operation. Thirty skin grafts (64%) had a viability of 90% or greater. The final area of these grafts ranged from 73% to 119% of the original area. The secondary graft contraction followed a similar pattern for all graft types. During the first 10 days after surgical operation, the grafts contracted to 83% of their original area. Enlargement of the grafts began between 10 and 21 days after surgical operation. By 12 weeks, the grafts had attained a mean value of 96% of the original area. A significant difference in final area was not observed among graft types. Grafts with a high percentage of viability generally contracted less than those with larger areas of necrosis, but statistical relationship between viability and degree of contraction could not be proven. The results of the present study indicate that full-thickness skin grafts may be successfully done in dogs and that the grafts can be expected to undergo minimal postoperative contraction when graft survival is nearly complete.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth and functional assessment of pulmonary valves in pigs after replacement of sinuses of Valsalva.

Neopulmonary artery stenosis may occur after the arterial switching procedure to correct transposition of the great arteries. One technique to reduce this complication is to use a single rectangular piece of autogenous pericardium to reconstruct two adjacent sinuses of Valsalva and maintain pulmonary artery size. The long-term effect of this technique on pulmonary artery and valve growth and function is unknown. To assess this technique, Yorkshire-cross pigs (n = 5) weighing 29 +/- 1.7 kg (mean +/- SEM) were anesthetized, and during cardiopulmonary bypass, the pulmonary artery was transected distal to the pulmonary valve. Pulmonary artery diameter and commissure distances were measured. Two adjacent pulmonary artery sinuses of Valsalva were completely excised from the anulus to 4 mm distal to the commissures, leaving 2 mm of pulmonary artery tissue attached to the skeletonized commissure and on each side of the one remaining intact sinus of Valsalva. A single rectangular patch of fresh autologous pericardium was sutured to the anulus and remnant of the pulmonary artery along the commissure and edges of the one intact sinus of Valsalva. Pericardium composed two thirds of the circumference of the proximal pulmonary artery; this was anastomosed to the distal pulmonary artery. Weight gain occurred at a rate of 0.6 kg/day (median). The animals underwent right heart catheterization and cineangiography. They were killed 157.2 +/- 12.9 days post-operatively. The reconstructed pulmonary artery grew from 17.6 +/- 0.8 mm to 30.8 +/- 1.5 mm (p < 0.01), and the commissure distances grew from 17.0 +/- 1 mm to 27.2 +/- 1.6 mm (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of aortic occlusion on transcranially induced evoked potentials in the dog.

Evoked potentials were produced by anodal stimulation over the motor cortex in six dogs. Potentials were recovered from the cranial thoracic and caudal lumbar portions of the spinal cord, and the radial and sciatic nerves. Evoked potential averages were recorded every 1.5 minutes during 40 minutes of aortic occlusion and during 40 minutes of reperfusion. Mean amplitudes of evoked potentials recovered from the caudal lumbar spinal cord decreased to 50% of original values at minute 12.2. Upon release of occlusion, the evoked potentials returned to baseline levels and remained there throughout the period of reperfusion. Sciatic nerve amplitudes decreased to 50% of original values at minute 4.5. In no subject could wave forms be recovered after minute 9.0. Upon release of occlusion, the evoked potentials returned to baseline levels and above, then deteriorated to 29 +/- 12% after 40 minutes of reperfusion. We concluded that transcranially induced evoked potentials were highly sensitive to spinal cord ischemia. Evoked potentials recovered from the sciatic nerve were consistent with functional grey matter immediately upon reperfusion, but deteriorated during reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of percutaneous gastrostomy as a technique for permanent gastropexy.

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate right-sided percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) as a method for creation of a permanent gastropexy. STUDY DESIGN: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy adhesions were evaluated by gross examination and by mechanical testing and the results were compared with those obtained by conventional incisional gastropexy. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: Fourteen mixed-breed dogs. METHODS: Incisional gastropexies were performed on the dogs of group one (N = 7) and PEG tubes were placed in the dogs of group 2 (N = 7). All skin sutures (group 1) and PEG tubes (group 2) were removed on day 14. The animals were maintained for an additional 44 days before euthanasia and immediate necropsy. Gastropexy adhesions were evaluated and collected for biomechanical evaluation using a materials testing machine. RESULTS: The duration of the procedure for group 2 was less (32.86 min +/- 7.65) than for group 1 (56.29 min +/- 8.28). The number of complications was not significantly different between group 1 and group 2 (P = .103). Gastroperitoneal adhesions were present in 7 of 7 dogs in group 1 and 4 of 7 dogs in group 2. The adhesion lengths and widths were significantly lager in dogs in group 1 compared with those in group 2. The adhesions present in group 1 dogs sustained significantly greater tensile loads to failure (61.98 +/- 14.65 N), compared with the adhesions present in group 2 dogs (22.31 +/- 26.87 N). CONCLUSIONS: Right-sided PEG inconsistently formed a weak gastropexy and the procedure was associated with a trend toward greater morbidity than incisional gastropexy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Right-sided PEG is not recommended as a means of prophylactic gastropexy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infantile desmoid-type fibromatosis in an Akita puppy.

A 10-week-old Akita puppy was evaluated for a reported umbilical hernia. Repair of the hernia had been attempted three times prior to referral. A defect in the ventral abdominal wall with an associated soft-tissue mass was identified on abdominal radiographs. Exploratory surgery was performed; the mass was resected and the abdominal wall defect was repaired. Histopathological evaluation of the mass was consistent with infantile desmoid-type fibromatosis.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical assessment of a chemosensitivity assay as a treatment planning tool for dogs with cancer.

This study evaluated the clinical utility of a commercially available chemosensitivity assay. In the first part of the study, tumor tissues from dogs with various malignancies were tested, and the dogs were treated with a mitoxantrone/cyclophosphamide combination protocol. Tumor response was evaluated and compared to the predicted response. Assay results were not a significant predictor of clinical response to chemotherapy or of survival time. In the second part of the study, assay results were used to direct therapy in dogs with refractory lymphoma. There was no significant correlation (p equals 0.323) between predicted response and case outcome.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alveolar mucosal approach to the canine nasal cavity.

A nine-year-old, intact female Afghan hound was presented for evaluation of an intermittent, mucopurulent, unilateral nasal discharge with a three-year duration. Radiographs showed the ipsilateral canine tooth within the rostral nasal cavity. The tooth was removed through an alveolar mucosal rhinotomy. There has been no recurrence of the nasal discharge or complications associated with the surgical procedure during the 20-month follow-up period.

Alveolar Process↗