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E Puchelle

Publications and source records attributed to E Puchelle.

203 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proteins of bronchial secretions in mucoviscidosis. Role of infection].

The protein composition of sputum collected by a protected method in 17 children with cystic fibrosis (CF) was analysed. The severity of the disease was assessed using the Shwachman score and the degree of bronchial superinfection was determined by a quantitative cyto-bacteriological study. The main proteins with antibacterial activity (IgA, IgG, IgM, lysozyme and lactoferrin) or reflecting the degree of bronchial inflammation (serumalbumin and alpha 1-antitrypsin) were determined by immunological methods. In the presence of severe superinfection (11 cases out of 17), the concentrations of antibacterial activity proteins are unchanged. On the other hand, the bronchial superinfection is accompanied by a marked local inflammation. In sputa, the increased concentrations of serum-derived proteins are closely correlated to the severity of the disease. This study confirms the importance of bronchial inflammation in CF.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficiency of mucociliary clearance and cough in bronchitis].

Progressive alterations in the in vitro transport properties of airway secretions according to the severity and duration of bronchitis have been previously reported, but the potential in vivo dysfunction of bronchial clearance during different phases of bronchitis has not yet been studied. We measured bronchial mucociliary clearance (CMC) and clearance by cough (CTx) using a radioactive aerosol technique (resin particles 7.4 micron in diameter, tagged with technetium-99 m) in patients with recurrent bronchitis (group I, n = 5) and in chronic bronchitic patients, either at an early (group II, n = 13) or advanced (group III, n = 17) stage of their disease. The results were compared with those obtained from a control group (group 0, n = 10) and the respective efficiencies of the mucociliary system and cough were analysed with reference to respiratory function. The initial deposition of the aerosol in central airways is similar in all the patients and healthy subjects. In comparison with group 0, the mucociliary clearance is only significantly reduced in groups II and III (p less than 0.02). In healthy subjects, the clearance by cough is very weak, whereas in bronchitic patients it can be roughly equal to or greater than the CMC. However, the cough is less efficient in group III than in group II (p less than 0.05). A reduced efficiency of the clearance by cough occurs together with abnormalities in the gas exchange.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quantitative bacteriology of sputum collected by a simple technic limiting salivary contamination].

A simple non-invasive method to improve the reliability of bacteriological analyses of sputum was evaluated in 25 patients with chronic bronchitis. This method consists of placing dental cotton swabs between the cheek and the gum and under the tongue at the level of the excretory salivary glands. Once these plugs are in place, the sputum is collected by coughing under the control of a physiotherapist. The quantitative bacteriological data from sputum collected by the "protected" and "unprotected" methods were compared with those from bronchial secretions collected by transtracheal aspiration, used as reference method. Oropharyngeal cells and commensal bacteria were isolated at a significantly lower frequency in sputum collected by the protected method. Considering the predominant pathogenic bacteria, an excellent correlation was obtained between transtracheal aspiration and sputum in 80% of cases when sputum was collected by protected method and in 68% of cases by unprotected method. In four patients, the transtracheal aspiration was sterile, while a potentially pathogenic organism associated with a high leukocyte numeration was identified in sputum. All the potential pathogens isolated in the positive transtracheal aspiration were recovered in the protected sputum (100%), but they could be associated with a non-predominant commensal flora (11 cases) or a potentially misleading pathogenic bacteria (2 cases).

Adult↗