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Biomedical subjects

E Polettini

Publications and source records attributed to E Polettini.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Evaluation of parietal infiltration in carcinoma of the bladder: comparison of MR imaging, CT and histology].

Twenty-two patients with bladder carcinoma were examined by MR imaging and CT to determine the degree of parietal involvement. The results were then compared with the surgical and histological findings. A classification in CT and MR stages was elaborated in order to supply corresponding models to clinical TNM staging. Three groups were thus formed, corresponding to the evolutive phases of the tumor. The first MR group included T1-T2 forms (accuracy: 75%); the second group included T3a forms (accuracy: 75%), and the third T3b-T4 forms (accuracy: 90%). Overall MR accuracy was 81.81%. The first CT group included T1 forms (acc. 71.42%), the second group T2-T3a forms (acc. 60%), and the third group included T3b-T4 forms (acc. 90%). Overall CT accuracy was 77.27%. MR imaging proved thus more accurate than CT in the staging of bladder tumors, especially thanks to its allowing deep muscular involvement to be assessed.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic periaortitis].

The authors, o the basis of a retrospective analysis of a series of 13 cases of chronic periaortitis, after a review of the literature about the subject, discuss about the most recent theories about pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, diagnosis and treatment of this condition. At first the authors stress the importance of adopting the term chronic periaortitis to describe any idiopathic fibrotic retroperitoneal process, as a consequence of the well established relationship between the atherosclerotic abdominal aorta an the development of this condition. Histological, immunohistochemical and immunological studies, consented to clarify the pathogenesis o the lesion. CT or MRI currently makes the diagnosis but histological confirmation is desiderable. Surgical therapy plays still a fundamental role in the management of chronic periaortitis, but the use of immunosuppressive drugs is to be considered extremely promising.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Volumetric spiral computerized tomography in the diagnosis, staging and programmed therapy of kidney tumors: comparison with conventional CT].

INTRODUCTION: The role of Spiral CT with bi-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstruction has considerably improved the location and definition of kidney masses, also those smaller than 1 cm, especially as compared with other diagnostic methods such as US and conventional CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study has considered 23 patients, 7 women and 16 men, aged 23 to 85 years, who were divided into two groups; one group included 16 patients suffering from kidney neoplasm having a size smaller than 3 cm. All the patients were examined by means of conventional CT and subsequently with Spiral CT with bi-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstruction. RESULTS: With respect to first group, Spiral CT did not add any useful information for the purpose of diagnosis or staging of the neoplasms as compared to conventional CT, although it allowed a better definition. On the contrary, in the second group Spiral CT gave better results in respect of the location and evaluation of the small kidney masses which may easily go undetected with CT test. CONCLUSIONS: The possibility to obtain, thanks to the Spiral CT, a study on the renal parenchyma both in nephrographic and corticomedullary stages, allowed to locate kidney masses which could be hidden by the medullary in the early stage of administration of contrast medium after a conventional CT test. The Spiral CT proved to be more effective in assessing the involvement of vessels, thanks to the bi-dimensional reconstruction and the better definition of the vessels. Furthermore, the possibility to obtain a single respiratory apnea during the test allowed to eliminate the false results caused by movement. Three dimensional reconstruction by means of the Spiral CT proved to better than that obtained with conventional CT since the former system allows to detect thinner layer and, consequently, to obtain more precise data also to the purposes of a possible conservative surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Can triphasic spiral CT provide data for the histologic characterization of liver masses?].

Spiral Computed Tomography (CT) has rapidly gained acceptance as the preferred CT technique for routine liver evaluation because it provides image acquisition at peak enhancement of the liver parenchyma during single breath hold. In this study, we evaluated a wide range of non cystic liver lesions with triphasic spiral CT technique, that allows imaging of the entire liver in arterial, portal and equilibrium phases. In particularly we focused on hemangioma, adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatocarcinoma and metastases.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imaging of the breast tissue].

Mammography remains the most important breast exam; mammography, know to be highly sensitive in detecting microcalcifications. Ultrasound is not suitable for screening, but it allows enough resolution to discriminate the very subtle differences of acoustic impedance among the breast tissue. The indications for MRI of the breast is far established may be defined as follows: 1) patients with silicone implants with or without mastectomy; 2) patients whose breast are difficult to evaluate by combined mammography and ultrasonography, who have: a) had breast conservation therapy, b) axillary lymph-node metastasis from an unknown primary tumor; c) postoperative scarring; d) proven carcinoma of one breast, MRI being performed to exclude multifocality. The authors recommend caution in the use of breast MRI in the assessment and management of suspected recurrent carcinoma.

Breast↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors].

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the pancreas are distinguished in functional (85%) and non functional (15%) in relation to the production and release of the hormone produced. Functional tumors show early, because the neoplasm release the hormone produced when they are still small. Non functional tumors show late when the tumor grows. The localization and the evaluation of the extensive of these tumors has come fundamentally important both in correct presurgical detection and also in the diagnosis of metastases which excluded surgery. Also, as the survival of 20% of the patients with metastases is only five years, the use of non-invasive imaging techniques is very important for the evaluation of results of the various therapies (chemotherapy, interferon, somatostatin). Recent studies have shown that in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, SRS is the most sensitive non invasive method in localizing primitive tumors and metastases. The accuracy of this technique has not yet been provided in the study of tumors like insulinomas which do not have a high percentage of somatostatine receptors on their cell membranes. The sensitivity obtained in recent studies on a large number of patient and the low cost, lower than all the other imaging technique in use today, surely make SRS the first choice in the study of NET. Where SRS is negative and surgery is possible, Spiral CT or better still MRI is the best tool to check the results of chemotherapy in patients with hepatic metastases (already detected by SRS), because it is easier to compare the changes in size and morphology of metastases.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imaging of median sternotomy complications].

Median sternotomy is the surgical technique of chosen for cardiac surgery. Although the complications after median sternotomy are not so frequent, these are associated to elevated mortality. The complications can interest the presternal compartment, the sternal compartment or the retrosternal compartment. Even if the clinical diagnosis of infection is not difficult for the clinician, it is nearly impossible to establish the depth of the infection. Multislice CT, thanks to the possibility to obtain thin layers and three-dimensional multiplanar reconstructions and Volume Rendering, turns out extremely useful for being able to demonstrate the extension and the depth of the infection. Of fundamental importance it is the elaboration of the images, executed on workstation, with which multiplanar reformatted and Volume Rendering images are obtained. The CT turns out useful moreover like guide for the execution of interventional procedures such as aspiration of material for bacteriological characterization or eventual positioning of a catheter for abscess drainage. The Magnetic Resonance, thanks to its high resolution of contrast and to its multiplanarity, finds one of its elective applications in the study of the flogistic and neoplastic processes of the soft tissues. A great limit of the MR is the possible generation of artifacts due to sternal suture.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Magnetic resonance in the evaluation of mediastinal masses].

Thirty-three patients with mediastinal masses were examined by means of MRI to obtain elements for lesion characterization, to evaluate lesion extent, and to assess the relationship of the mass to the surrounding structures, especially the great vessels (accuracy: 84.84%), mediastinal structures (accuracy: 76.78%), and lung parenchyma (accuracy 69.69%). MR data were compared to CT findings; sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were subsequently compared to surgical and histologic findings. The results have shown MRI to be a very reliable method in the evaluation of mediastinal masses.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison between computed tomography and magnetic resonance data and pathologic findings in substernal goiters.

Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) permit the acquirement of important diagnostic elements for the anatomo-topographic staging of substernal goiters, and for their characterization. The authors compared data obtained by CT and MR with intraoperative anatomo-topographic findings and definitive histology in 28 patients with substernal goiters. CT was performed in all these patients while MR only in 9. The results obtained showed an accuracy of 85.7% for CT and 100% for MR regarding the anatomo-topographic correspondence with intraoperative findings, without a significant statistical difference between these two diagnostic procedures. MR is more accurate than CT in showing the vascular dislocations. CT and MR have an accuracy of 82.1% and 77.7% respectively comparing their findings with histologic results obtained in operative specimens, without a significant statistical difference. In conclusion MR has to be considered the more accurate diagnostic procedure and therefore recommended in the study of patients with substernal goiters, while CT can be performed only in selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of CT in the evaluation of patients with painful symptoms located in the lower right abdominal quadrant].

Eleven patients presenting signs and symptoms related to flogistic disease of the right inferior abdominal region were studied with Computed Tomography. Four out of the eleven patients also underwent Magnetic Resonance examination. In 9 patients final diagnosis was correctly reached after surgery and in 1 case diagnosis was made on the basis of endoscopic findings and delayed echographic controls. Among the eleven patient a correct diagnosis was possible on the basis of CT findings in seven of the examined patients; 4 of them were correctly diagnosed as appendicitis; 1 case was diagnosed as Crohn disease; 1 case was a mucocele and 1 case was diagnosed as tubo-ovaric abscess. In 1 case no one diagnostic hypothesis was possible on the basis of CT and MR findings; on surgery the diagnosis was of appendicitis. In 2 cases of surgery proven tubo-ovaric abscesses a diagnosis of appendicitis was done on the basis of CT examination. In one case CT and MR findings were considered to be related to an ovaric tumor; on surgery the correct diagnosis was of post-surgical fibrosis. In 4 cases MR findings confirmed the diagnostic hypothesis reached with CT examination but only in two of them the final diagnosis was correct. In this paper we describe all the CT and MR findings found in each patient.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical use of endorectal coil MR in the study of prostatic pathology with special reference to hyperplasia and carcinoma].

In this report we evaluated the usefulness of endorectal surface coil MR imaging in the study of prostatic anatomy, age-related changes, benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma. At present, endorectal coil MR imaging seems to be one of the most important diagnostic steps in the study of prostatic diseases, because it is the technique that allow to gain very high resolution images.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Staging of lymphoma with imaging techniques].

The findings in different imaging techniques in the staging of lymphoma are discussed in this report with special reference to the role of the US, CT and MR. The authors evaluated sites of involvement in several organs and finally the role of the imaging techniques in the follow-up.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

111In-pentetreotide detection of gastrinoma before and after surgery.

Eighteen patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were studied with 111In-pentetreotide SPECT in order to localize gastrinoma, the tumour responsible for this pathology. NMR imaging was also carried out. Eight patients were operated. 111In-pentetreotide was reinjected 4 hours before operation and the radioactivity of the excised tumours counted. The nature of the withdrawn tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry (chromogranina A). The scintigraphy was repeated 3-6 months after surgery. 111In pentetreotide SPECT was more sensitive than NMR. It was also absolutely specific because all the radioactive tumours excised showed positive chromogranin A staining. The radioactivity/gram counted in gastrinomas exceeded 10 fold the hepatic and biliary radioactivity and 20-100 folds the radioactivity of blood and omentum. In all the operated patients but three, the scintigraphy performed after surgery did not detect tumours. However complete eradication did not occur, because though 3-6 months after surgery the gastrinemia was significantly lower with respect to pre-surgery results it did not return to normal values in all patients but two.

Chromogranin A↗