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Biomedical subjects

E Pfeiffer

Publications and source records attributed to E Pfeiffer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Treatment modalities in the affective disorders of old age.

In summary, I have reviewed the application of three major treatment modalities, psychotherapy, drug therapy, and electroconvulsive therapy, to the affective disorders of old age. Older patients are remarkably responsive to each of these forms of psychotherapy. Certain modifications in therapeutic approach must be introduced to make them effective. However, once these modifications are implemented many older patients can return to normal and satisfying lives following effective treatment of their affective disorders.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1979

[Travellers' diarrhoea. I. Field study on frequency and causes in German tourists (author's transl)].

Even after successful localization of dangerous epidemics, infectious diseases represent a troublesome accompaniment of growing tourism to warm countries. Classical pathogens of diarrhoea are subjected to a worldwide control network to prevent this disease at least from being spread. Close surveillance has shown that, additionally, less clearly defined pathogens exist which affect a high percentage of tourists and cause a usually harmless but nevertheless often very annoying diarrhoea. In a tropic insular state a field study was carried out with voluntary assistance of German flight passengers in order to investigate the qualitative and quanitative importance of travellers' diarrhoea and to supplement American observations mainly gained in Mexico. In a first study we found that pathogens were detected only in six out of 173 stool samples: the pathogens were Salmonellae which had caused clinical symptoms in two cases only. With respect to diarrhoea with different origin which affected some 20 per cent of our examinees we will inquire into the importance of E. coli as pathogen, which is generally classified harmless but liable to interfere considerably with holidays and recreation.

Diarrhea↗
PubMed1978

[Use of flocculants for detection of viruses in fluids (author's transl)].

Hydroxide flocs of iron, aluminium, zinc, and tin were tested for their capabilities of virus enrichment in fluids (such as water and liquid foods). The virus used was polio type II att. The flocculation with tin yielded the best results because it gave the highest recovery rates (90%) and good reproducibility. A satisfactory enrichment was also obtained with the flocculation with aluminium- and iron salts. The losses were 31 and 33%. The lowest recovery rates were obtained with nickel- and zinc flocculation (losses: 70 and 77%). The difficulties in filtering the flocs and eluting the virus with 3% beefextract could be overcome by centrifugation and dissolution of aluminium and iron flocs with sodium-potassium-tartrate (average recovery rates 5 and 27%). In addition we tested the flocculation in lemonade as a model fluid loaded with a high content of organic material which usually interfere with the formation of flocs and in consequence the enrichment of viruses. An enrichment of viruses in lemonade was possible only with previously prepared and aged flocs of tin and iron. The loss was 18 and 12% respectively.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1976

19. Generic services for the long-term care patient.

The purpose of multidimensional functional assessment of the long-term care patient or client is to identify the relevant set of services or service package. This necessitates defining the universe of services independently of existing service providers and settings, which vary considerably in scope and type of activities. A list of 24 generic services developed by the Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development has proved useful in assigning patients to the appropriate providers. It is also a means of describing accurately the service capacity of a given program or institution, as well as the precise nature of the intervention, or set of services, in studies of impact or outcome. Planners and evaluators can use the list to cost existing programs and to plan new ones more responsive to the requirements of long-term care patients and clients.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of standardised sodium hypochlorite solution on bacteria pathogenic for the urinary tract (author's transl)].

Stable sodium hypochlorite solution shows excellent disinfectant properties, even in higher dilution. Parallel to clinical tests in vitro experiments were made to show the changes of morphology of bacteria pathogenic for the urinary tract by scanning microscope. Two hours after incubation of the bacteria with sodium hypochlorite solution containing 40 mg available chlorine/1 severe damages of the bacterial morphology up to complete destruction were evident in all cases. Gram-negative rod-shaped bacilli were more, gram-positive cocci were less damaged.

Acids↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical use of sodium hypochlorite for local treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections and therapy of contracted bladders (author's transl)].

A stable commercial electrolytic sodium hypochlorite solution was tested in 63 urologic patients. The complete germicidal action against all sorts of bacteria was shown in suspension-tests. Irrigation studies of the infected bladder were performed. It was found that continued bladder irrigations were necessary to stop bacterial ascension from the infected urethra. Bladder capacity was increased in 6 of 8 patients with nonmalignant contracted bladder or interstitial cystitis. Desinfection with sodium hypochlorite in urologic practice is cheap, easy to perform and diminishes the risk of hospitalism. Clinical studies confirmed the absence of general or local toxicity.

Acids↗
PubMed1975

[Proposal for an improved determination of liver size based on scintigraphy].

Using an own formula (VI) or the formula (VII) of Karran et al. for the determination of liver size from scintigrams, a good correlation was demonstrated to the measured weight in rats. Also the liver size of 44 healthy subjects estimated by the same method (VI) was compared to the ideal liver weight derived from the "Geigy Tables" and showed good correlation. This demonstrates the value of the proposed empirical formula: G equals 0.141 g/cm-3 D1 D2 D3 + 950 g for the calculation of liver weight using scintigraphy.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients.

Clinicians whose practice includes elderly patients need a short, reliable instrument to detect the presence of intellectual impairment and to determine the degree. A 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), easily administered by any clinician in the office or in a hospital, has been designed, tested, standardized and validated. The standardization and validation procedure included administering the test to 997 elderly persons residing in the community, to 141 elderly persons referred for psychiatric and other health and social problems to a multipurpose clinic, and to 102 elderly persons living in institutions such as nursing homes, homes for the aged, or state mental hospitals. It was found that educational level and race had to be taken into account in scoring individual performance. On the basis of the large community population, standards of performance were established for: 1) intact mental functioning, 2) borderline or mild organic impairment, 3) definite but moderate organic impairment, and 4) severe organic impairment. In the 141 clinic patients, the SPMSQ scores were correlated with the clinical diagnoses. There was a high level of agreement between the clinical diagnosis of organic brain syndrome and the SPMSQ scores that indicated moderate or severe organic impairment.

Aged↗