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Biomedical subjects

E Pesonen

Publications and source records attributed to E Pesonen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Coronary intimal thickenings and lipids in Finnish children who died violently.

Intimal thickenings of the coronary arteries were found in healthy children who died violently, of both sexes even in children under 5 years of age. The average incidence was 53 % of the 75 cases. Splitting of the internal elastic lamina was the primary finding, followed by local increase in smooth muscle cells. The thickening could occupy 50 % of the coronary lumen. The accumulation of esterified cholesterol in the coronary arteries began before the age of 10 years. The fatty acid composition of the cholesterol esters suggests that they are derived from the blood. The question whether the thickenings are precursors of forthcoming coronary atheromas needs further detailed studies, especially in young adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effect of smoking on the fetal coronary arteries.

The effects of maternal smoking on the fetal coronary arteries were studied in 50 babies who died during the first month of life. The intimal layers of the coronary arteries of babies whose mothers smoked during pregnancy were smaller than those of babies of non-smoking mothers. The difference was independent of sex, birthweight, heartweight and infection. Tobacco smoking seems to prevent normal development of the intimal layer of fetal coronary arteries.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

A study of cardiovascular risk factors and their determinants in finnish children.

This report describes the results of a cross-sectional study of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and their determinants among Finnish children. A random sample of 634 subjects (three- and 12-year-old girls and boys, and 17-year-old boys) was selected, and 72% of the subjects invited participated. The children were from five cities and their rural surroundings, representing various parts of Finland. Of the total energy intake, 14% was obtained from protein, 36% and 38-39% from fat, and 50% and 47-48% from carbohydrate by the three- and 12-year-old children, respectively. The mean polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (P/S) ratio for the whole series was 0.21, rural children having a lower ratio than urban children. In the three- and 12-year-old children the mean plasma cholesterol concentrations were 4.8 and 4.9 mmol/l, HDL-cholesterol 1.3 and 1.5 mmol/l and triglycerides 0.83 and 0.87 mmol/l, respectively. These plasma cholesterol concentrations are high by international standards. In the 17-year-old boys the mean plasma cholesterol was 4.3, and HDL-cholesterol 1.2 mmol/l, respectively. Plasma cholesterol values were higher in eastern than in western Finland in the older children. The relationship between plasma lipid concentrations and the composition of the diet was apparent in the 12-year-old group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Plasma cholesteryl ester fatty acids in 3- and 12-year-old Finnish children.

Risk factors associated with coronary heart disease were surveyed in a multicentre study carried out in 1979 among children living in different parts of Finland. The survey included analyses of plasma lipids and cholesteryl ester (CE) fatty acids as well as a dietary interview by a 48-hour recall method. The present report gives the plasma fatty acid compositions obtained from 181 3-year-old and 226 12-year-old children and their relations to dietary factors and other plasma lipids. The mean percentages (+/- SD) of CE linoleate in the 3- and 12-year-old children were 49.2 +/- 5.2 and 5.10 +/- 51.0%, respectively. Differences in CE fatty acid composition between the various regions of Finland were relatively small, but there was a trend to higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids in western and urban compared with eastern and rural communities. Among different dietary constituents the daily intake of margarine + oils or butter had the greatest effect on plasma CE fatty acid composition. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the dietary P/S ratio and the percentage of CE linoleate in plasma.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Serum fatty acids in 8-year-old Finnish boys: correlations with qualitative dietary data and other serum lipids.

To survey risk factors in coronary heart disease in Finnish children, fasting serum specimens from 244 healthy 8-yr-old boys were analyzed for the fatty acid composition of cholesterol esters (CE), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), and phospholipids (PL). A qualitative dietary survey was made by asking parents to answer a questionnaire including, among others, a question on the kind of fat usually used on bread by the child. The mean percentages of linoleate (18:2) in serum cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids were 53.1, 13.5, 11.5, and 22.7%, respectively, which represent an international average. The quality of dietary fat had a clear influence on serum fatty acids, eg, the content of 18:2 in CE was 56.8 +/- 3.6% in boys using soft vegetable margarine and 50.5 +/- 3.6% in those using butter. The former had also a marginally lower serum total cholesterol (4.87 +/- 0.86 mmol/l) than the latter (5.08 +/- 0.80 mmol/l). Serum total cholesterol showed significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in all four lipid fractions, the highest r values being with PL-18:2 (-0.41) and CE-18:2 (-0.24). Accordingly, serum cholesterol was lower in the highest CE-18:2 quartile (4.67 +/- 0.76 mmol/l) compared with the lowest (5.30 +/- 0.70 mmol/l; p less than 0.001). The results indicate that when serum fatty acids are used as indicators of the quality of dietary fat, a negative association between polyunsaturated fat and serum cholesterol may be demonstrable even within a free-living population.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome treated with diaphragm pacing.

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome was diagnosed in an infant who since birth had shallow respiration and CO2 retention during sleep, absent ventilatory response to hypercarbia, and no underlying disease or trauma to account for the symptoms. Diaphragm pacing was started at the age of 8 1/2 months and has been successfully carried out at home, guided by end-tidal CO2 monitoring. After 22 months of home treatment, at the age of two years 9 months, linear growth and psychomotor development are progressing normally, while previous symptoms of cor pulmonale have not progressed.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1983

Intrauterine hydrops caused by premature closure of the foramen ovale.

Intrauterine hydrops was diagnosed by two dimensional echocardiography. The fetus had a pericardial effusion and a thick interatrial septum without a foramen ovale flap. The condition was treated by giving the mother digitalis. Postnatally, the effusion had disappeared and a parachute mitral valve was found.

Digitalis↗
PubMed1983

Radiation-related chronic heart disease.

Three cases of radiation-related chronic heart disease are reported. All three patients had been treated for Hodgkin's disease with a mantle technique six to ten years earlier. Ten years after radiation treatment, a 34-year-old woman had dyspnea during exercise. Her heart was enlarged, and an ECG showed a RBBB. An echocardiogram showed pericardial effusion. Right-sided catheterization revealed an infundibular stenosis. A 31-year-old man had chest pain nine years after radiation. An ECG showed complete RBBB and an exercise stress test signs of ischemia; a coronary angiogram showed three proximal stenoses; and an echocardiogram revealed pericardial effusion. A 12-year-old boy had angina pectoris six years after radiation; one year later, he suffered an acute posterior infarction. Two weeks later he died suddenly. An autopsy showed a severe fibrotic and calcified narrowing of the proximal part of the left main coronary artery. Regardless of the patient's age, radiation-related cardiac complications must be kept in mind. Echocardiograms and, in cases of chest pain, exercise stress tests should be a part of routine postradiation follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Multicenter study of atherosclerosis precursors in Finnish children--pilot study of 8-year-old boys.

A multicentre study was launched to analyze the prevalence of risk factors for coronary heart disease and their determinants in Finnish infants, children and adolescents and to provide facts for the planning of intervention. The present report gives the results of the pilot study conducted among 264 8-year-old boys in 5 cities and corresponding rural areas in various parts of Finland. Data on eating habits were obtained from the parents by means of a questionnaire. Fasting serum specimens were analyzed in 249 subjects for cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and immunoreactive insulin (IRI). The fatty acid composition of serum lipids was determined in 244 subjects by gas chromatography. Soft vegetable margarine was used on bread by 29% of the boys in the rural and 46% in the urban areas. Low fat or skim milk, vegetables and fruit were used more often in the western than in the eastern part of the country. The mean values for serum lipids were as follows: cholesterol 5.0, HDL-cholesterol 1.4, and triglycerides 0.7 mmol/1. The proportion of linoleic acid in the fatty acid cholesterol ester fraction was higher than expected, 53%. The IRI values ranged from 2 to 55 (mean, antilog, 9.4) mU/l. The results served as background material for the main study of blood pressure, anthropometric, biochemical and socioeconomic variables.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1982

Morphometry of coronary arteries: its use in children 1 year of age or older.

Coronary arteries from 52 children were cross-sectioned semiserially at 0.2-mm intervals. The sections that showed the greatest intimal thickening were chosen for morphometric analysis, which was performed with the aid of a coordinate digitizer. The size of the arteries, the thickness of the arterial media and intima, and the cross-sectional areas of the arterial layers correlated closely with the patient's age with various body measurements, and with the anatomic dimensions of the arteries. The variation in the cross-sectional area of the media in the left anterior descending branch was almost completely explained by a stepwise regression model; the fraction explained by the model (ie, multiple correlations squared) was 0.96, which means that very little variability was due to other factors, eg, methodologic errors. This suggests that the method is reliable. With an exact method, a smaller sample is adequate, which will ease obtaining normal growth curves for coronary arteries.

Adolescent↗