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Biomedical subjects

E Perret

Publications and source records attributed to E Perret.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Neuropsychologic evaluation of dementias].

The neuropsychological assessment of dementia reveals the following behavioural deficits: Organization of complex mental activities, solving of unfamiliar problems, orientation in the (social) surroundings, memory, continuity and speed in mental operations. The use of wide inventories of behavioural functions in neuropsychology warrants the early diagnosis of dementia, and thus allows for therapeutic measures to keep the patients in their professional and social setting.

Dementia↗
PubMed1983

Deficits in auditory-spatial integration of sequentially presented patterns due to cortical lesions.

Groups of patients with cortical lesions were subjected to a uniquely developed procedure to test auditory-spatial perception. The stimuli were comprised of a sound source, which sequentially outlined a pattern within a 10 X 10 matrix of loudspeakers. Simple sound patterns, which "moved" across the loudspeaker array only once or twice, were equally well identified by the control group and the various patient groups. However, the more complex patterns, which outlined the contour of alphabetical letters, resulted in significantly lowered identification rates for the patient groups with lesions in the right posterior, left posterior and left temporal lobes. As a control measure, visual-spatial tasks were administered, and lower performance rates were found for the left and right posterior groups. The differences and similarities between auditory spatial and visual-spatial processing are discussed.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1983

Minimum sample size of kidney biopsies for semiquantitative and quantitative evaluation.

The minimum sample size for semiquantitative and quantitative evaluation of interstitial tubular and glomerular parameters is calculated. For the majority of parameters a renal cortex area of 2 mm2 or 7 glomeruli (adults) or 13 glomeruli (children) is sufficient. Larger biopsies or more glomeruli are necessary for the evaluation of the area density of interstitium patent and obsolescent glomeruli as well as the numerical density of obsolescent glomeruli. The most sensitive parameters are those concerning crescents which require biopsies of 11-19 glomeruli in adults and 40 glomeruli in children. In summary, biopsies of usual size (10 mm2) containing about 20 glomeruli are sufficient for qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[How reliable is cancer diagnosis with needle biopsy of the prostate?].

Aim of the study was to investigate the reproducibility and the reliability of the morphological diagnosis, of different morphological parameters and representativity of needle biopsy material compared with transurethral resection material. 416 needle biopsies of carcinomas of the prostate were studied by 5 pathologists. 130 biopsies were evaluated twice by the same investigators and 325 at least by one other investigator. In 65 cases, tissue obtained by transurethral resection was evaluated by the same investigator who had seen the biopsy. The diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate was highly reproducible, only in 2% of the cases the original diagnosis was not confirmed; 5 out of 27 systematically evaluated parameters proved to be very reliable and reproducible, i.e. histological tumor classification, cribriform glands, invasion of perineural spaces, nucleoles, nuclear polymorphism, 8 parameters were sufficiently reproducible and 14 were unreliable among which cytologic differentiation was one. The diagnostic reproducibility between biopsy material and transurethral resection material was only 48.8%. This very low figure can be explained by the marked histologic heterogeneity of the tumors of which only 13% were classified as uniform carcinomas. The conclusions of the investigation are: 1. The diagnosis carcinoma is highly reliable and reproducible in needle biopsies. 2. Needle biopsy tissue is not representative for the entire tumor. 3. Grading of prostate carcinoma is highly subjective and therefore no sound basis for therapy and prognosis in the individual patient.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1982

Spatial mapping of two-dimensional sound patterns presented sequentially.

Man's spatial perception was investigated on the basis of acoustic input in the extrapersonal frame of reference. Sounds from a two-dimensional loudspeaker array outlined sequentially the contours of various digits. The underlying mechanisms involved in this auditory-spatial task were analyzed according to alterations in the vertical and horizontal spread of the patterns. The results demonstrated that two-dimensional sound patterns are identified mainly but not only on the basis of their horizontal spread. Differences between visual and auditory pattern perception are discussed in the context of supramodal spatial functions, and the present findings are linked to their neuropsychological application.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Auditory and visual perception of simultaneous verbal and nonverbal stimuli.

In an auditory experiment, digits and tonal sequences were presented simultaneously to both ears. In a visual experiment, words and nonsense figures had to be compared in both visual half-fields. The verbral stimuli were better reported from the right ear and right visual half-field. The nonverbal stimuli were reported equally well from both ears and visual half-fields. It appears that the processing of stimuli presented to both input channels depends on the type of the stimuli. These results point to a cerebral mechanism classifying incoming information to the brain and yielding an optimal processing of verbal and nonverbal stimuli by the cerebral hemispheres.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

[Neuropsychological diagnosis and localization of brain lesions: their agreement with other examination visits (author's transl)].

Neuropsychological diagnoses were compared with those of clinical examination and the results of electro- and pneumoencephalography, angiography, brain-scan and with the final diagnoses in a random sample of 319 patients. A significant correspondence between neuropsychological findings and final diagnosis was found. The agreements were closer for the side than for the lobe of damage. The results indicate that the neuropsychological assessment usefully supplements other neurological methods in the diagnosis and localization of brain-damage.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Neuropsychological examinations in childhood].

Three groups of children aged 8-12 years have been investigated by a test battery to gain insight into the problems surrounding the relationship between cerebral and behavioral development. One group was of children with circumscribed cortical lesions, one was a group of dyslexics with neurologic anomalies, and the third was a control group of children without brain lesions. General test intelligence did not differ significantly in the three groups. Marked differences between the various lesion groups are observable in some tests but not in others. For example, the results of children with left temporal lesions in the verbal part of the intelligence test and in fresh language memory were inferior to those of all other lesion groups and the controls, while the dyslexics showed a similar if less marked deficit. Non-linguistic (figural) memory did not differ as between groups. On the other hand, children with right frontal lesions were notable for inferior results in a visual learning test and a classification test. In a linguistic-dichotic test all the groups of brain lesions and the dyslexics differed from the control group, a fact which suggests retarded development of hemispheric dominance for speech functions. From these provisional results it can be concluded that the brain areas do not all specialize simultaneously, and that compensation of cerebral lesions in relation to different functions probably results in retardation of overall brain development and anatomico-functional specialization.

Age Factors↗