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E Pendleton

Publications and source records attributed to E Pendleton.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Establishment of a microbiological profile for an air-chilling poultry operation in the United States.

The microbiological profile of an air-chilling poultry process was investigated from the farm through the processing plant. Within a 1-year period, nine broiler flocks from four different farm sources were studied. Numbers of total aerobes, coliforms, psychrotrophic organisms, E. coli Biotype I (generic E. coli), Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp. were determined for multiple sampling sites on the farm as well as in the processing plant. Farm samples were collected the day before the chickens were slaughtered at the plant. The same flock was sampled at the plant on the day of slaughter. Sites located before evisceration (BE), after evisceration (AE), and after chilling (AC) were sampled. Results indicated a positive correlation between contamination of ceca with Salmonella on the farm and the presence Salmonella in carcass samples from the plant for all three types of sampling sites. The in-plant trend for total aerobes, coliforms, and generic E. coli revealed a significant decrease from counts obtained before evisceration to those obtained for the (AC) final product when flock variations were taken into account. The average coliform counts were 3.91, 3.27, and 2.59 log10 CFU/ml of rinse for BE, AE, and AC samples, respectively. Generic E. coli counts were 3.74, 3.08, and 2.20 log10 CFU/ml of rinse for BE, AE, and AC samples, respectively. No reductions in numbers of Campylobacter or Salmonella were observed during processing, which suggests that practical intervention strategies for lowering pathogen levels are critical on a multilevel basis at the farm and in the plant.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2001

Regulation of chicken gizzard ecto-ATPase activity by modulators that affect its oligomerization status.

The major ectonucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase in the chicken gizzard smooth muscle membranes is an ecto-ATPase, an integral membrane glycoprotein belonging to the E-ATPase (or E-NTPDase) family. The gizzard ecto-ATPase is distinguished by its unusual kinetic properties, temperature dependence, and response to a variety of modulators. Compounds that promote oligomerization of the enzyme protein, i.e., concanavalin A, chemical cross-linking agent, and eosin iodoacetamide, increase its activity. Compounds that inhibit some ion-motive ATPases, e.g., sulfhydryl reagents, xanthene derivatives, NBD-halides, and suramin, also inhibit the gizzard ecto-ATPase, but not another E-ATPase, the chicken liver ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase, which contains the same conserved regions as the ecto-ATPase. Furthermore, inhibition of the gizzard ecto-ATPase by these compounds as well as detergents is not prevented by preincubation of the membranes with the substrate, ATP, indicating that their interaction with the enzyme occurs at a locus other than the catalytic site. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of these compounds, except suramin, is abolished or reduced if the membranes are preincubated with concanavalin A. It is concluded that these structurally unrelated modulators exert their effect by interfering with the oligomerization of the ecto-ATPase protein. Our findings suggest that, under physiological conditions, the gizzard smooth muscle ecto-ATPase may exhibit a range of activities determined by membrane events that affect the status of oligomerization of the enzyme.

4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan↗
PubMed1995

Providing continuity in a "firm" case management system.

Four general medicine units were divided into two "firms" to improve patient outcomes and ensure continuity of care. All members remain part of their firm for as long as they are employed. The nurse case managers remain constant in both inpatient and outpatient settings and coordinate discharge planning.

Case Management↗
PubMed1977

A biologic and genetic study of 40 cases of severe pure mental retardation.

The family history of 40 patients with severe "pure" mental retardation (MR) was studied to determine the incidence of mental retardation and dull-normal intelligence among relatives, probable etiologies and an empiric recurrence risk. Significant findings include: (1) an increased sex ratio (69% males) of propositi, (2) a significant proportion of patients with clinical manifestations besides MR, (3) virtually no consanguinity among parents, (4) a "positive" family history for over 1/2 of the propositi--about 37% of all children in the sibships were affected; about 21% of the full sibs were affected, (5) a higher number of offspring produced by dull persons and a lower number of offspring from retarded persons compared to two normal persons (6) a proportionately large number of affected children produced from matings involving one or two dull persons, (7) a tendency for dull to have additional dull children and mentally retarded parents to have further retarded children while normal parents with more than one affected child usually had further retarded children, (8) an incidence of affected parents of about 32%, and (9) an overall empiric recurrence risk of 14%. Several etiologies were discussed as possible causes of the condition(s) in this group: (unrecongized) environmental damage and/or maternal/fetal interaction; unrecognized chromosome abnormalities; the homozygous state of several different autosomal recessive gees: X-linked recessive mutations; autosomal dominat new mutations; and mutifactoral inheritance. It was concluded that the group was etiologically heterogeneous and although none of the probable etiologies could be excluded, it seemed reasonable to assume that autosomal recessive inheritance plays an important role in the etiology of severe "pure" mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of etiologic factors in cerebral palsy with severe mental retardation. I. Analysis of gestational, parturitional and neonatal data.

We analyzed the gestational, parturitional, neonatal (GPN) histories of 281 severely mentally retarded patients with cerebral palsy to define the etiology or pathogenesis of cerebral palsy in each patient. No association between type of cerebral palsy and GPN histories was found except for an increase in spastic-athetoid patients in the breech delivery subgroup. Significant findings include: increased incidence of prematurity and postmaturity, small and large for-gestational age (GA) fetal size, a normal birthweight for GA distribution of patients with diabetic mothers, an excess of mothers greater than or equal to 35 and less than or equal to 20 years old, an increased immediately-previous sib interval of 2.59 years suggestive of an "infertility factor", an unremarkable GPN history in one third of the cases, in another one third GPN problems not usually associated with a high risk of CNS damage, and in one third gross complications which were probably responsible for the CP, including: an increased incidence of breech deliveries, twinning, prolonged and precipitous labor and placental complications; no increased association of athetosis and Rh incompatibility or incidence of toxemia was found. Disseminated intravascular coagulation due to prenatal death of a twin may have been the cause of brain damage in several patients.

Adult↗