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Biomedical subjects

E Paul

Publications and source records attributed to E Paul.

231 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Speed of growth of melanoma: statistical analysis of the average ages of patient groups.

Based on data from 1,657 cases, the average age of patients with melanoma of the same type, level, resp. thickness was calculated. It was shown that the average age of the melanoma patients increased with progressive tumor growth, i.e., with increasing level and thickness. The time span for thin (less than 0.75 mm thickness), superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) to reach the level of a far-advanced tumor with a thickness of more than 3.00 mm was 7.8 years. For nodular melanomas (NM), the corresponding period was 9.5 years. Longer intervals were determined by analysis of the data according to tumor levels. The difference in the average age of patients with early invasive SSM (level II) as compared with patients with level V tumors was 11.4 years. Patients with level V NM were on the average 10.0 years older than patients with level III NM. Differences in the average age of patients with SSM or NM from one level to the other ranged between 3 and 4 years (median: 3.9 years). The differences in the thickness of the groups were similar (median: 3.1 years).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Declining sex ratio: role of society, technology and government regulation in Faridabad district, Haryana.

BACKGROUND: A declining sex ratio at birth has been documented during censuses in India. The decline is especially more in the northern states of Haryana and Punjab. We attempted to assess the role of society (preference for a male child, awareness and acceptability of the practice of sex determination), technology (availability and affordability) and government regulation in the adverse ratio for girls in the Ballabgarh block of Haryana in northern India. METHODS: The population (about 80 000) in the Ballabgarh block has been under constant demographic surveillance for the past 30 years and the data are stored electronically. This was used to determine the sex ratio at birth in the area since 1990. The data on availability of ultrasound machines was collected from the district authorities, as registration of these machines was made mandatory under the Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994. We interviewed 160 mothers and grandmothers to determine the awareness and acceptability of sex determination methods and practices. RESULTS: The demographic data for the past 10 years showed a declining sex ratio-from 881 in 1990-91 to 833 in 2000-01. The data support the view that in the initial part of this period, ultrasound was used for sex determination of all-order births but subsequently was used more in higher-order births. Our interviews with the mothers and grandmothers of the area showed that the practice of sex determination is prevalent and the attitude of the society is ambivalent. The increased availability of ultrasound machines in the area in the past 10 years corresponded to the decline in sex ratio. When the government made the practice illegal, the sex ratio improved only to fall again as the law was not implemented. Later years saw a more stringent implementation of the law and the sex ratio improved again. CONCLUSION: There is a 'demand' for sex determination technology and, therefore, this would continue to be 'supplied'. At most the 'supply' can be regulated. Social engineering efforts need to be targeted at reducing the demand if the sex ratio is to be improved.

Abortion, Eugenic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunostaining of tissue sections previously stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

S-100 protein was demonstrated in 28/31 melanoma tissue sections that had been previously stained by hematoxylin and eosin, including 17 from 19 primary melanomas and 11 from 12 metastases. Additional H & E stained sections from 11 metastatic and 13 primary melanomas were reacted with the monoclonal antibody NKI/C-3 and all stained positively. This approach is of value when additional sections are not available or when deeper cuts through a block do not contain tumor. The superimposition of the immunostaining does not reduce the record and diagnostic value of the double-stained sections.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
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Incidence of malignant melanoma in Central Hesse, Germany.

The incidence of melanoma in Central Hesse, the catchment area of the Dermatological Clinic of the University of Giessen, was 11.1 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1984. The incidences in the different districts are relatively equa, varying only between 9.7 and 12.4 in 5 of 6 districts. In Central Hesse, too, the frequency of melanoma has steadily increased since 1970, the rates for 1984 being fivefold in both men and women. Apart from the real increase, this is probably due to an intensive public and professional melanoma education project and higher public awareness.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aspirator tubes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dentistry, Operative↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epifocal dinitrochlorobenzene therapy in malignant melanoma (experience during the last eight years).

A total of 50 patients with primary malignant melanomas received epifocal DNCB therapy. In 46 cases the tumors disappeared completely. Therefore, we partly refrained from excision of the treated area. Only 4 melanomas of great thickness did not respond satisfactorily. In the treatment of cutaneous metastases, however, remission was achieved only in one case. The 5-year survival rate for primary tumors was 87.8 +/- 10.55%. We believe that DNCB therapy is indicated especially in superficially growing melanomas, patients with limited operability, or flat melanomas of acral localization, where the patients are spared mutilating operations.

Dinitrochlorobenzene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolated extremity perfusion with DTIC. An experimental and clinical study.

Dacarbazine (DTIC) was used for isolated perfusion of extremities in dogs and man. In the animal experiment perfusions with DTIC at dosages up to 100 mg per kg of extremity weight were well tolerated. The concentration of DTIC in the perfusate ranged from 70 to 400 micrograms/ml without evidence for formation of metabolites. Electron microscopy, performed 14 days later, revealed a decrease of glycogen in striated muscle cells. Vascular damage was not observed. Five patients with advanced malignant melanoma or soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities were treated by isolation perfusion with 75 to 133 mg DTIC per kg of extremity at 40 degrees C for 60 minutes. A tumor regression of at least 30% was observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ciliatological characterization of a biological reactor that eliminates nitrogen with intermitent aeration.

Ciliates present in an activated sludge biological reactor used for removal of nitrogen compounds with intermitent aeration were determined. The reactor had a working volume of 30 liters, a hydraulic residence time of 20 hours, and a cell retention time of 15 days. Operating temperature was 15 degrees C, and it was fed with domestic sewage. Aeration was given in pulses, one hour aeration and one hour without aeration, feeding sodium acetate to favour denitrification processes. Elimination efficiency was 95% of the dissolved organic matter. During the pseudostable operating phase, 16 species of ciliates (Phylum Ciliophora) were found. They were distributed as follows: 13 Genera; 12 Families; 7 Orders; 6 Subclasses; 5 Classes, and 3 Subphyla. From them, 9 are free swimmers and 7 are pedunculates. The Subphylum with higher diversity of species was the Ciliophora. The Oligohymenophorea Class was the best represented, corresponding to the Peritricha Subclass the highest number of species. Almost all the ciliates found have been reported as common inhabitants of activated sludge wastewater treatment plants with high removal efficiencies. They are catalogued as saprobe ciliates, within a and b masosaprobe levels. The presence of this ciliate community agrees with the carbon and nitrogen compounds removal efficiencies. Consequently, there exists the possibility of evaluating the operational efficiency of an aerobic/anoxic reactor using direct ciliates observations.

Animals↗