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Biomedical subjects

E Palummeri

Publications and source records attributed to E Palummeri.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The pathophysiology of calcitonin in man.

It is generally accepted that calcitonin (CT) induces a decrement in cytosolic Ca++, and an increase of cAMP in target cells of several organs and tissues. This happens particularly in bone, where osteoclast activity and size decreases, along with the widely-known hypocalcaemic and hypophosphoraemic effect of the hormone. The physiological role of CT appears to be of importance in pregnancy and perhaps in infancy, when it antagonizes possible excessive bone loss. Some experimental evidence shows that CT may be involved in the maintenance of post-meal calcaemia. It is not yet established whether paucity of CT plays any important role in the pathogenesis of pathological conditions such as post-menopausal and senile osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Noninvasive study of the bone using single- and dual-photon densitometry: effects of age and menopause on bone density of normal and osteoporotic female population].

The assessment of bone status is so far usually performed by means of the relatively simple methods of radiographs and radiogrammetry, which are not always able to give a correct information about bone mineral content (B.M.C.) especially in cases of cortical osteoporosis. Among the other non-invasive methods, single- and dual-photon absorptiometry are of particular interest for their relatively low cost, precision, accuracy and repetitibility, giving the patient a very slight dose of radioactivity. Dual-photon device, in particular, offers the possibility to investigate B.M.C. in the bones surrounded with large amount of tissue, even in obese people. To assess bone status of feminine population, we have analyzed 238 patients, divided into 3 groups (normal pre- and post-menopausal women, and osteoporotic) measuring their radius and lumbar spine B.M.C. with single- and dual-photon absorptiometry. As a result, B.M.C. of both measuring sites appears closely correlated with age, and with the duration of menopause. In our group, cortical bone density showed a postmenopausal rate of loss higher than the trabecular. Vertebral measurements, too, were more closely correlated with age when corrected for body surface area. Osteoporotic group showed a B.M.C. significantly lower than the age-matched group of normal women both in spine and in radius: in conclusion, all these findings stress the importance of a widespread population surveillance in order to individuate and treat the patients at risk of spontaneous fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Calcitonin deficit syndrome in thyroidectomized patients.

The results of a study carried out on 10 patients who underwent total or subtotal thyroidectomy to determine the effects of a prolonged deficit in calcitonin on bone turnover, are reported. The following parameters were evaluated: serum calcium and phosphate, serum alkaline phosphatase, urinary hydroxyproline, serum iPTH, serum iCT and bone mineral content (BMC) of the distal radius. In ten patients controlled 24 months after surgery, a lowering in circulating iCT levels was noted together with a significant decrease in BMC. These observations while supporting the theory that a CT deficit can determine osteoporosis, suggest that further consideration should be given to substitutive therapies for totally and subtotally thyroidectomized patients.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1984

Sulphinpyrazone in cardiovascular elderly azotemic patients: a proposal of a 'guided' incremental dose schedule.

Renal tolerability of a guided incremental dose schedule of sulphinpyrazone was evaluated in an open study of 2-month duration, performed in twenty-one cardiovascular elderly azotemic patients (thirteen males, eight females; mean age: 79 years, S.D.: 7 X 3 years). Starting dosage was 200 mg per day; daily dosage was then increased, every 4 days, by 200 mg or kept constant for another 4 days, according to each patient's basal renal function, up to the maintenance dose: 800 mg/day. Eighty-one per cent of the patients followed a successful incremental pathway, 9% kept a constant daily dosage of 200 mg for 8 days, reaching then the maintenance daily dose without any problems. Nine per cent withdrew at 200 mg/day because renal function deteriorated at two consecutive visits. Renal function of the patients who completed the study significantly improved (two-way ANOVA, p less than 0.01). General tolerability was good. The proposed incremental dose schedule of sulphinpyrazone can be successfully used in the treatment of cardiovascular elderly azotemic patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Time structure of endocrine secretion. II. Circannual variations in the free fractions of tri- and tetraiodothyronine, cortisol, human growth hormone and plasma insulin in healthy subjects].

Circadian and circannual variations of several endocrine activities and their biological implications in health and diseases were described in men. Aim of our work was to perform a further observation on circannual bioperiodicities of some hormone: free fractions of T3 and T4, cortisol, HGH, PTH and serum insulin. Four healthy young males volunteered to be submitted to the study from June and their blood-samples collected six times a day, every other month, in the course of one year. Our data were analysed by macroscopic (mean chronogram) and microscopic (Cosinor test) methods. First we could document a circadian phase-shift of the highest peak of secretion, occurring in the course of the year, for FT3, FT4, Cortisol, HGH and serum basal insulin. Then we could detect a circannual oscillation of the highest diurnal secretion for FT3 (October), cortisol (December) HGH (April) and serum basal insulin (February). FT4 showed the lowest secretion in October. Almost the same cyclic variations were demonstrated when Mesors and Amplitudes of the same values were examined except for slight shiftings. PTH showed no cyclic variation during the period of observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Bis-(hydroxy-2-ethylthyo)-1,10-decano in hyperlipaemic therapy (author's transl)].

The authors studied the effectiveness and biological tolerability of Tiadenol [Bis-(hydroxy-2-ethylthyo)-1,10-decano] against clofibrate, in a group of 38 hyperlipaemic (volunteers) subjects, with or without atherosclerotic disease. The results showed that the new hypolipidaemic drug has a great effect on cholesterolemia and trigliceridaemia, as does clofibrate. The statistic examination confirmed the results. This research didn't show any side-effects of the drug, which has a very good biological tolerability.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Possible effect of caerulein on calcitonin secretion in man.

Caerulein, infused in normal subjects, significantly reduces serum Calcium levels; in addition, when infused 60 or 90 min after radioactive calcium, it increases the specific plasma radioactivity, in a manner similar to calcitonin. These results suggest that in man caerulein stimulates calcitonin release.

Aged↗