An abnormal fibrinogen was discovered in a 9-year-old male subject without history of hemorrhagic diathesis. Coagulation time, prothrombin time and Reptilase time were prolonged. The thrombin time was corrected using increasing concentrations of normal plasma and bovine thrombin; there was a partial correction at pH 6.5 and ionic strength 0.05. A study of the family showed that the mother and a brother of the propositus presented the same abnormalities. Analysis of the purified fibrinogen showed normal fibrinopeptide release and normal levels of sialic acid and hexosamines. However, coagulation index, polymerization of fibrin monomers, isoelectric point and sedimentation coefficient were abnormal. In view of the abnormalities described and by comparison with the data reported in the literature, we believe that this should be considered a new variant of the fibrinogen molecule and we have designated it 'fibrinogen Logroño'.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstration of protruded lumbar discs by density plotting of the vertebral canal (computer-assisted vertebral canalogram--C.V.C.). Report of 10 cases.

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Parallel evolution of CCR5-null phenotypes in humans and in a natural host of simian immunodeficiency virus.

The C-C chemokine receptor CCR5 in humans and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) serves as the primary coreceptor for cellular entry by macrophagetropic strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and all reported strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) [1-6]. Humans homozygous for a 32 bp deletion allele of CCR5, resulting in a null phenotype, are highly resistant to infection by HIV-1 [7-9], prompting development of therapies and vaccines targeting CCR5. We now report a novel deletion allele of CCR5, with an allele frequency of 0.04, in sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys), a natural host of SIV (SIVsmm) [10]. The mutant protein was not expressed at the cell surface and accordingly did not function as a viral coreceptor. Primary activated lymphocytes from mangabeys heterozygous for the deletion allele expressed significantly less CCR5 on the cell surface. Moreover, SIV seroprevalence and viremia were comparable among CCR5 heterozygotes and wild-type animals. Parallel evolution of CCR5-null alleles in humans and sooty mangabeys suggests that similar negative selection pressures have acted against CCR5, as would occur during epidemics of infectious agents that require CCR5 for pathogenesis. Sooty mangabeys bred to homozygosity for the deletion allele will be useful for experimental studies on the context-dependent role of CCR5 in host defense and microbial pathogenesis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Tiotropium].

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Bronchodilator Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR of the normal and abnormal internal auditory canal.

MR performed with thin, contiguous sections has replaced CT for the study of the cerebellopontine angle and for diagnosis of acoustic neuromas. In our experience large acoustic neuromas are well seen in all pulse sequences. Tumors with small extracanalicular components are seen in the T1- and spin-density-weighted sequences whereas purely intracanalicular lesions are often visualized only in the T1-weighted images. Small acoustic neuromas producing thickening of the nerve are easily recognizable in narrow internal auditory canals but may be missed in large canals because of partial volume averaging. Since further enhancement of the signal intensity of tumors can be obtained by IV injection of paramagnetic agents, we foresee the use of such agents in the near future in the diagnosis of acoustic neuromas.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The technic of gelification of plasma].

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Animals↗

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The acute encephalitic phase of neurocysticercosis: computed tomographic manifestations.

Brain infestation by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of Taenia solium, is a common disorder in Mexico and other Latin American countries, Asia, Africa, and some Eastern European countries. Recent immigration has caused an increase in the number of cases of neurocysticercosis in the United States. This work describes the acute encephalitic form of neurocysticercosis in 26 cases. The clinicopathologic and neuroradiologic manifestations are discussed with particular emphasis on the use of computed tomography as a main diagnosis modality which demonstrates multiple diffuse (85%) or localized (15%) enhancing nodules associated with severe edema.

Acute Disease↗