Advantages of a PBL approach in teaching genetics.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E P Volpe.
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The thesis that lymphocytes originate in situ by the direct transformation of epithelial cells within the thymic primordium in anurous frogs is untenable. On the contrary, in both the leopard frog and the African clawed toad, the lymphocytes that first appear in the embryonic thymus are derived from extrathymic lymphopoietic cells that invaded the developing organ. The exact source of origin of the invading lymphopoietic cells remains problematic.
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The generalization that the developing vertebrate thymus is colonized by circulating stem cells that originate in the yolk sac blood islands is questionable. The view that the yolk sac is the primary source of thymic lymphocytes is based largely on inferences drawn from experimental protocols that are highly artificial.
In the leopard frog (Rana pipiens), the thymus profoundly influences immunologic development by providing virtually all the progenitor lymphocytic cells for the bone marrow and other peripheral lymphoid organs. The thymus houses a self-perpetuating population of lymphopoietic cells that originally self-differentiated in that gland.
Reciprocal transplantation of undifferentiated thymic primordia between diploid and triploid chromosomally marked frog embryos has revealed that thymic lymphocytes are ontogenically derived from elements of the thymic primordium rather than from blood-borne stem cells that migrated into the developing organ. Virtually all the lymphocytes in the spleen, kidneys, and bone marrow of adult frogs are descendants of these original thymic stem lymphocytes.
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