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Biomedical subjects

E Otero

Publications and source records attributed to E Otero.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Endothelium-dependent relaxation of human saphenous veins in response to vasopressin and desmopressin.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the effects of vasopressin and the selective V2-receptor agonist desmopressin on human saphenous veins, with special emphasis on endothelium-mediated responses. METHODS: Human saphenous vein segments were obtained from 35 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Paired segments, one normal and the other deendothelized by gentle rubbing, were mounted for isometric recording of tension in organ baths. Concentration-response curves to vasopressin and desmopressin were determined in the presence and in the absence of either the V1-receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr (Me)AVP (10(-6) mol/L), the V1-V2-receptor antagonist desGly-d(CH2)5D-Tyr(Et)ValAVP (10(-6) mol/L), indomethacin (10(-6) mol/L), or NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME, 10(-4) mol/L). RESULTS: In vein rings under resting tension, vasopressin produced concentration-dependent, endothelium-independent contractions with a concentration of vasopressin producing half-maximal contractions (EC50) of 3.44 x 10(-8) mol/L. The vasopressin V1-receptor antagonist (10(-6) mol/L) displaced the control curve to vasopressin 9.86-fold to the right in a parallel manner. In precontracted vein rings previously treated with the V1-antagonist (10(-6) mol/L) vasopressin caused endothelium-dependent relaxations. This relaxation was reduced significantly by indomethacin (10(-6) mol/L) and unaffected by the V1-V2-receptor antagonist (10(-6) mol/L) or by L-NAME (10(-4) mol/L). Desmopressin caused endothelium-dependent relaxations in precontracted vein rings that were inhibited by the mixed V1-V2-receptor antagonist and by indomethacin, but not by the V1-antagonist or by pretreatment with L-NAME. CONCLUSIONS: These observations indicate that vasopressin exerts contractile effects on human saphenous vein by V1-receptor stimulation. Vasopressin causes dilatation of human saphenous vein only if V1-receptor blockade is present. This relaxation appears to be mediated by the release of relaxant prostaglandins, probably derived from endothelial cells, and is independent of V2-receptor stimulation or release of nitric oxide. Desmopressin elicits relaxation that is largely dependent on V2-receptor stimulation, which may bring about the release of dilating prostaglandins from the endothelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen].

A case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen in a 69-year-old woman who was studied for elevated globular sedimentation rate is presented. The lesion was observed on echography as a mixed solid-cystic mass. Magnetic resonance showed a slight decrease in signal intensity in potentiated T1 sequences and a heterogenic mass with high signal areas in T2 images and protonic density. Splenectomy was performed and histopathologic study demonstrated an inflammatory pseudotumor of 10 cm in its greatest size. Two year follow up was satisfactory. On review of the literature only 34 cases of inflammatory pseudotumors have been previously published. Half of the cases presented during the 6th and 7th decades of life, with women being the most frequently affected. Inflammatory pseudotumors of the spleen are benign lesions which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of splenic masses. Since diagnosis cannot be made preoperatively, and a malignant tumor is almost always suspected, splenectomy should be performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Multiple sclerosis in Mexico: hospital cases at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City.

The frequency and clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City for the period spanning 1984-1993 is presented. Hospital records of patients with clinically diagnosed MS were selected, the frequency and cumulative frequency of this diagnosis were determined and demographic information and clinical features were recorded. It was found that 70% of the patients were women, 25% were professionals, and 95% were of mixed race. The clinical features of our patients and their neuroimages were consistent with those of MS patients in other populations. Importantly, we found that the frequency of MS has almost doubled over the last 10 years. The reason for this phenomenon is discussed as resulting from better health screening, the availability of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, and the cultural, demographic and dietary changes that have occurred due to the rapid urbanization of our country.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A longitudinal study of the effects of an L-dopa drug holiday on the course of Parkinson's disease.

Drug holidays as treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD) to ameliorate the effects of chronic L-dopa use are a controversial method. They are used in an attempt to resensitize dopamine receptors in the striatum so that L-dopa therapy can be reinstated at lower doses with fewer of the side effects that normally accompany long-term use of the drug. In the present study, 15 patients with PD were submitted to a 7-day L-dopa drug holiday and then followed for 3 years. The effect of the holiday on parkinsonian symptoms and grade of severity of PD was determined using the Webster and the Hoehn and Yahr scales, administered at intervals over the 3-year period. We found that within the first 6 months post-drug-holiday, there was a dramatic improvement in the rating of the symptoms of PD that was statistically significant (p < 0.005). At 12 months, Webster scale scores had risen, but they remained significantly improved (p < 0.05) in comparison with the first postholiday score. This level of improvement was maintained at 24 and 36 months. The grade of severity of the disease stabilized since Hoehn and Yahr scale scores improved for all patients, except one, for the length of the study. One patient left the study after 6 months for unknown reasons. Of the 14 patients that remained, three were given additional drug holidays: two patients at 12 months and one patient at 12, 24, and 36 months. All patients were able to be maintained on a reduced L-dopa dose regimen of 50-70% of their pre-drug-holiday level for the entire 3-year period. In the patients in whom the drug holiday was least beneficial overall, there was a notable reduction in rigidity and in the "on-off" phenomenon. We conclude that an L-dopa drug holiday is a valuable option in the treatment of PD.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Clinico-pathological correlation in dementias.

The object of this study is to investigate whether or not there are clinical signs and symptoms in patients with dementia that, by themselves or jointly, can be associated with the pathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Twelve patients with dementia were studied, in whom the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was made according to established criteria. A sample of leptomeninges, cortex and subcortical white matter was obtained from each patient and was processed for light and electron microscopy. In the cases in whom neuritic plaques and neurofibrilary tangles were present, pathological changes were quantified. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was confirmed in 5 cases, whereas in 3 patients spongiform encephalopathy was present. In the remaining patients, the number of neuritic plaques was within normal limits for the age of the subjects. Comparison of the data in Alzheimer (n = 5) and non-Alzheimer (n = 7) groups showed an increased, statistically significant incidence of acalculia, abnormalities of judgment, impairment of abstraction and primitive reflexes in the former. Although good fitting models were obtained, none achieved perfect discrimination. The model that included alterations of judgment and acalculia gave the best fit.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Malignant melanoma in an ovarian dermoid cyst].

A case of patient that during a cesarean section, a dark zone of the Omentum was biopsied, and informated as melanosis. Then appeared a cystic mass in the left ovary, and an ooforectomy was performed, resulting a Primary Malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The pulmonary metastasis of a benign meningioma].

We report a 53-year-old man with a solitary pulmonary nodule and signs of disease progression in chest films taken in the last year with lung metastasis from benign meningioma diagnosed by transthoracic puncture and aspiration. The rarity of this condition is discussed along with the need to include it as a differential diagnosis in patients with recurring meningioma even when the primary lesion is benign, given that early surgical resection of the metastasis resolves this complication.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1989

Importance of hereditary disease at a Neuropsychiatric Institute in Mexico City.

The objective of this study is to investigate the type, importance, and incidence of hereditary diseases in patients at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City. A review of 6,258 files indicated that hereditary diseases represent an important problem for the Institute. Of the diseases with the highest incidences, hereditary factors have an important role in seven (epilepsy, depression, facial palsy, schizophrenia, mental retardation, migraine, and Parkinson's disease). Diseases of known monogenic etiology represent 1.5% of all the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Parkinson's disease: a genetic study.

A sample of 122 patients with Parkinson's Disease was studied for the purpose of investigating if the frequency of relatives affected with Parkinson in this group was higher than in a control group and to see if the genetic load was more important in some of the subtypes of Parkinson described by Barbeau and Pourcher (1982). In our 122 patients, we found that 1.7% were post-encephalic parkinsonian, 12.3% were symptomatic cases and 86% of the idiopathic variety. There were 16.1% early onset patients in the idiopathic group and among these we found 23.5% with a positive family history of Parkinson in the first-degree relatives. In 6 cases with the tremor onset form of the disease, the family history was positive and 5 patients, 4.7% had familial essential tremor-related Parkinsonism. Our results support Barbeau's hypothesis that Parkinson is a heterogeneous disease in which some subtypes (such as early onset Parkinson) have an important genetic susceptibility component.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Double outlet right ventricle with L-position of the aorta, D-loop, subaortic VSD, and pulmonary stenosis.

We describe a case of double outlet right ventricle with subaortic ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis treated successfully with cardiopulmonary bypass. We consider the clinical history and angiocardiographic and surgical findings of this rare anomaly. We stress the difficulties of reconstruction of the outflow tract of the right ventricle, because of the anomalous pathway of the right coronary artery, the posterior situation of the pulmonary artery, and the abnormal anatomy present in the outflow tract of the right ventricle.

Angiocardiography↗