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Biomedical subjects

E Orosz

Publications and source records attributed to E Orosz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Evolution of a regional health-care information system--the design phase.

In 1996 a program of the Soros Foundation was launched to study a regional health care inodel Main stake holders of health care financing and providing in three counties in South-Western Hungary found the idea appealing and the Soros Model Region Program was started. This paper outlines the activity of the second sub-project of the model region program: the development of a regional health care information system. The build-up of a data and knowledge base serving the differing needs of mentioned goals is based on international standards. Availability and user involvement is based on different media for presenting the information as printed publications, CD-ROM data bases and World Wide Web availability. A congruency and coherency principle is maintained by a unified data model used for different purposes and a planned unified communication protocol among all participants in the model region program. Studies regarding health care status, economics and financing on regional level show that a better fitting health care services profile and a more flexible resource management might be achieved based on the mentioned regionality principle.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1994

[Non-traumatic intrahepatic bile-duct perforation in an adult].

Authors report a case of a patient suffered from intrahepatic bile duct perforation caused by stenosis of the papilla of Vater. With the help of data of medical literature there are analysed the etiological factors of bile duct perforations and the pathological process that leads to perforation. There is emphasized that the only way to avoid the sepsis and other postoperative complications on operation carried out in an early time and the supplemented intensive care. Authors call attention for the importance of carefully carried out intraoperative revision of bile system in cases of biliary peritonitis.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1994

The impact of social science research on health policy.

The relationship between research and health policy is discussed from a policy process perspective, describing communication problems in the course of policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. Policy process is often expected by researchers to be rational, having logical sequence of steps and the objective evaluation of alternatives based on scientific knowledge. In fact, policies are often formulated without clear problem identification or based on wrong assumption. The timing of research and policy-making differs. Policy-makers need to respond quickly. Evaluations may be regarded by politicians as embarrassing if they point to a need for significant change. It is not satisfactory to consider only research and policy-making: their relationship is influenced by the media, different interest groups and by the general public. Health policy formulation is embedded in the general policy environment of particular societies. Some countries have a long tradition of consensus-building, while in others health reforms have been formulated and introduced in a centralized way. Traditional bio-medical thinking influences health policy-makers. The importance of social and political acceptability tends to be overlooked. The paper emphasizes that we are experiencing an era of scarcity of resources and growing tension concerning allocation decisions. Existing institutions provide insufficient incentives for policy-makers and researchers to promote public dialogue about such issues. The paper concludes that there is a need for new approaches to policy development and implementation, new structures in policy-making, changes in research financing and co-operation between disciplines and new structures for public participation in policy-making. Research should facilitate more open and democratic dialogue about policy options and the consequences of alternative choices.

Communication↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of aarA, a pleiotrophic negative regulator of the 2'-N-acetyltransferase in Providencia stuartii.

We have utilized transposon mutagenesis to obtain insertional mutations in Providencia stuartii that activate the chromosomal aac(2')-la gene. Two closely linked mini-Tn5Cm insertions were obtained in a locus designated aarA, and a single insertion was obtained in a separate locus, aarC. Nucleotide sequence analysis, complementation studies, and localization of the sites of mini-Tn5Cm insertion have allowed the identification of the aarA coding region. The deduced AarA protein had a molecular mass of 31,086 kDa and displayed characteristics of an integral membrane protein. A strain deleted for the aarA gene by allelic exchange showed at least a fourfold increase in the accumulation of aac(2')-la mRNA and an eightfold increase in aminoglycoside resistance. Mutations in aarA were pleiotrophic and also resulted in loss of pigmentation and a deficiency in cell separation during division.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1993

Characterization and transcriptional regulation of the 2'-N-acetyltransferase gene from Providencia stuartii.

We have cloned the chromosomally encoded 2'-N-acetyltransferase gene [aac(2')-Ia] from Providencia stuartii. DNA sequence analysis of the cloned insert identified a single open reading frame, which is capable of encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 20,073 Da. The deduced AAC(2')-Ia protein showed no significant homology to other proteins, including all of the AAC(3) and AAC(6') proteins. Primer extension analysis was used to identify the aac(2')-Ia promoter, which contained an unusual sequence (CTTTTT) at the -35 region. Expression of the aac(2')-Ia gene occurs at low levels in wild-type P. stuartii strains; therefore, they are aminoglycoside susceptible. We have isolated mutants with high-level AAC(2')-Ia expression at a frequency of 4.8 x 10(-6). Detailed analysis of one mutant demonstrated a 12.2-fold increase in the accumulation of aac(2')-Ia mRNA. In addition, the levels of beta-galactosidase expression from a plasmid-encoded aac(2')-lacZ transcriptional fusion were increased 11.5-fold in this mutant relative to those in an isogenic wild-type strain. These results suggested that a trans-acting factor, designated aar (for aminoglycoside acetyltransferase regulator), controls AAC(2')-Ia expression in P. stuartii.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1990

The Hungarian country profile: inequalities in health and health care in Hungary.

Analysis of occupational, educational, urban/rural and regional data over several decades demonstrate large disparities in the availability of health care and in infant and adult mortality. Life expectancy increased in the immediate post-war period but in the late sixties improvement ceased and life expectancy at age 40 began to fall. Mortality has been particularly high for middle-aged males. Analysis by cause of death suggests the persistence of older poverty-type diseases co-existing with the newer lifestyle diseases. Reasons for system dysfunctioning are discussed--lack of health resources, rigid institutional structures, lack of integrated health policies, failure to adjust the distribution of resources to changing needs etc. The analysis raises the question of how to achieve a balance between equity and efficiency.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1989

[Management of malignant pleural effusion by tetracycline pleurodesis].

Eleven patients were treated with chest tube drainage and intrapleural instillation of tetracycline for malignant pleural effusion. In ten cases this procedure for 6-10 days achieved complete resolution of pleural fluid and produced pleurodesis. Only one patient needed longer treatment, but it was also successful. Fluid recurrence was not recognised during the follow-up period. This method is very effective and simple, so the authors recommend the tetracycline pleurodesis for the palliative management of malignant pleural effusions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Surgical treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms.

Patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms present a great challenge to neurosurgical practice. The presence of one or more additional aneurysms, whether recognized or unrecognized, along with the source of the haemorrhage profoundly changes the outcome. It also alters the timing and strategy of surgery. In this study the experiences gained from 138 cases with a total of 317 aneurysms are discussed. The analysis of the clinical data, our results and the factors influencing the outcome suggest that the risk of clipping all aneurysms simultaneously are less than the risk of a rebleed from an untreated, previously silent sac even in the early postoperative period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The surgery of middle cerebral artery aneurysms.

Aneurysms of the middle cerebral bifurcation represent an interesting entity among intracranial saccular aneurysms. Their shape, size, situation, and in particular their relation to the middle cerebral trunk and its branches show wide variations. Topographical analysis of the angiograms offers a great deal of interest in planning surgery. Our experience with 289 patients with middle cerebral artery aneurysms operated on since 1977 are presented. Factors such as number of previous haemorrhages, timing of surgery, preoperative condition, major intraoperative bleeding or brain oedema and delayed postoperative deterioration play a major role in the outcome. Others such as severity of the subarachnoid bleed, age, size of the sac seem to have much less influence.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Demography↗
PubMed1979

Factors influencing the outcome of coma in severely injured patients.

From this analysis we may conclude that the most important factors influencing the outcome of coma due to injury are age, vegetative state, level of coma, decerebration, and hypocapnia. In all cases where a combination of four or more of any of the above-mentioned factors was present the patient died. EEG seems less predictive in the early period, but may give some information for late prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the cerebral circulation. Serial angiography and regional cerebral circulation studies in neurosurgical patients.

The effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on the cerebral circulation has been studied with two methods in a series of neurosurgical patients. Regional circulation was studied with the H2 clearance method in five patients in whom deep electrodes were lodged in various cerebral structures with stereotactic surgery performed for the underlying disease. In connection with serial angiography of 25 patients 10 mg Cavinton was injected i.v.; circulation time of the contrast medium, arterial circulation time, changes of normal and pathological filling were appraised. Registered 15 min after administration, regional circulation showed significant increase, but slight increase was demonstrable in every structure investigated. The change was more marked in two elderly patients over 60 years. In eight cases of serial angiography marked difference was seen in filling by normal and pathological vessels on Cavinton effect; arterial circulation time changed in three cases, contrast medium circulation time did not in any of the cases. The most marked changes occurred in three cases of cerebral vascular disease. In two cases of glioma vascularization of the tumour was visualized by Cavinton.

Brain Diseases↗