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Biomedical subjects

E Okajima

Publications and source records attributed to E Okajima.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of single chemotherapeutic agents on development of urinary bladder tumor induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in rats.

Chemotherapeutic agents were evaluated for effect on the development of urinary bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) in male Wistar strain rats. Seven hundred and two rats were given 0.05% BBN in drinking water for 8 weeks. After BBN treatment, the animals were divided into 26 groups to follow regimens of single chemotherapy. All drugs were administered intraperitoneally except in one group that was treated orally. In our experimental series, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), N-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207), carbazilquinone (CQ), vincristine (VCR) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) were effective in inhibiting the incidence of bladder tumor, however, adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), neocarsinostatin (NCS), cyclophosphamide (CPM) and bleomycin (BLM) were not effective.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical effect of slow release (depot) formulation of the LH-RH analogue ICI 118630 (Zoladex) in patients with prostatic carcinoma].

The antitumor effect and safety and endocrinological effect of a depot formulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue ICI 118630 (Zoladex) were studied. Each depot containing 3.6 mg of ICI 118630 (corresponding to the average daily release of 120 micrograms) was subcutaneously injected 3 times at 4 week intervals to 12 prostate cancer patients in total at 4 centers from August 1984 to March 1985. Of the 12 patients, 7 showed an objective clinical response (1 CR and 6 PR patients), 3 showed no change and the remaining 2 showed PD. Overall subjective improvement was obtained in 8 of 10 patients (80.0%). Serum hormone levels (LH, FSH, and testosterone) increased immediately after injection of depot and then significantly decreased during and after 2 weeks of treatment. These changes seen in 100% of the patients were attributable to the pharmacological action of the drug. Medical castration was attained in 3.1 +/- 0.9 weeks on average. Observed side effects included gynecomastia in 1 and hyperlipidemia in 2 patients which were all mild. The trial was continued in the patients who required no special medical treatment. Changes in blood Zoladex concentrations suggested no accumulation. These findings demonstrate the safety and useful endocrinological and antitumor effects of Zoladex in prostate cancer through its pharmacological action, that is, LH-RH agonistic action.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Primary transitional cell carcinoma of the male urethra: report of a case].

A case of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the male urethra is reported. A 24-year-old man, who complained of tumor of the urethral orifice with hypospadias, was admitted to our Hospital on November 30, 1983. Urethrocystoscopy and biopsy revealed grade 1 papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the anterior urethra. Partial resection of anterior urethra including tumor was performed on December 20, 1983. Histopathological diagnosis revealed grade 2 transitional cell carcinoma without submucosal invasion. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with Tegafur and Krestin as adjuvant immuno-chemotherapy. The patient has shown no evidence of disease for 3 years after surgery. There have been reported 23 cases of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the male urethra in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Removal of intra-atrial tumor thrombus of renal cell carcinoma: report of a case].

A case of left renal cell carcinoma with a tumor thrombus extending into the vena cava and the right atrium is reported. A 49-year-old female presented with a one month history of palpitation, dyspnea, and leg edema. CT-scanning and angiography revealed a left renal tumor with a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium. Left nephrectomy and the removal of an intra-atrial tumor thrombus were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was unfavorable and the patient died on the 42nd day after the operation because of multiple organ failure in spite of repeated hemoperfusion. Operative procedure and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium are discussed.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1987

[Mixed gonadal dysgenesis with seminoma: a case report].

A case of mixed gonadal dysgenesis with anaplastic seminoma is reported. A 43-year-old, female, who was brought up as a female, was admitted to our hospital for swelling of left inguinal region. The physical examination revealed a short stature, ambiguous external genitalia but no Turner's stigmata. A child's head-sized tumor was noticed in the left inguinal region by CT scan. The histopathological diagnosis of this tumor was anaplastic seminoma. The right gonad was removed at laparotomy with lymph node dissection in the pelvis. Histological examination of right gonad revealed streak gonad and immature uterine with fallopian tube. In the Japanese literature, 7 cases including our case of mixed gonadal dysgenesis with gonadal tumor have been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Complete remission obtained in advanced testicular cancer treated by etoposide (NK-171)].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to Nara Medical University Hospital on Feb.7,1983, because of swelling of the scrotal contents on the right side and elevated serum AFP, beta-HCG and LDH suggestive of testicular tumor. Right orchiectomy was carried out and a pathological diagnosis of embryonal cell carcinoma of the right testis (pT3N0M1) was made. The patient, upon evidence of multiple pulmonary metastases, was treated with a combination chemotherapy of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum, vincristine and peplomycin. After three courses of combination chemotherapy, pulmonary metastases were decreased, but their foci persisted. The patient was then treated with Etoposide 62 mg/m2 daily for 5 days every three weeks, and after this course, complete remission of pulmonary metastases was obtained. The patient recieved 3 courses of Etoposide and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, and has since shown no evidence of disease for 2 years and 4 months after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of prostatic carcinoma with daily subcutaneous injection of the LH-RH analogue, ICI 118630].

Between April, 1984 and March, 1985 in 14 centers, 33 patients with prostatic cancer of our 14 centers were randomized to subcutaneously receive either 125, 250, or 500 micrograms/day of ICI 118,630, an LH-RH analogue, for 12 weeks, and the clinical efficacy, safety and endocrinal effects of the drug by dose were examined. An objective partial response was obtained in 44.4% of the 125 micrograms-treated group, in 50.0% of the 250 micrograms-treated group, and 42.9% of the 500 micrograms-treated group, showing no significant difference between the groups. General subjective response rates in these three groups were respectively 75.0%, 62.5%, and 85.7%, not differing from each other significantly. No significant difference was observed in endocrinal effect which was seen in 58.3%, 66.7%, and 100% of 125 micrograms, 250 micrograms, and 500 micrograms groups, respectively. Medical castration was attained in 4.1 +/- 2.0 weeks on average. Adverse reactions observed included fever up to 37 degrees C in 1 of the 13 (7.3%) patients treated with 125 micrograms, and hot feeling at the injection site and flare in 1 of the 8 (12.5%) patients treated with 500 micrograms, which were all mild. These patients responded to further ICI 118,630 therapy without requiring any treatment for the adverse reactions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Spontaneous rupture of renal leiomyosarcoma: report of a case].

A case of renal leiomyosarcoma ruptured spontaneously is reported. A 36-year-old man was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of right flank pain. The urographic examination, including an excretory urography, renal CT-scan, renal angiography, and ultrasonography revealed a renal tumor with spontaneous rupture on the right side. A nephrectomy through the lumbal flank incision on the right side was performed on February 28, 1984, and histopathological diagnosis was renal leiomyosarcoma. Five courses of adjuvant chemotherapy, VCR, ADM and CPM, combined with maintenance immunochemotherapy using Tegafur and Krestin and with radiotherapy (3,000 rad) were performed post-operatively. The patient was followed for 18 months after operation as an outpatient with no evidence of local recurrence and metastasis. The 40 reported cases including our case with leiomyosarcoma in Japan is reviewed and some characteristics of this entry are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Experimental models of bladder cancer: a critical review.

We have reviewed critically the available models of bladder cancer, and have attempted to compare their strengths and weaknesses where appropriate data are available. Further direct comparisons of the applications of each model will be needed in order to rank them, and to identify areas of research where each model will predominate. Furthermore, more information will be needed to validate each model in the context of human disease. With the increasing range and sophistication of the tools of molecular biology, a very important future direction will be the characterisation of animal and human bladder cancer, and in particular the study of the changes from normal to neoplastic urothelium: tumor markers, chromosomal patterns and oncogenes that are associated with specific biological functions, such as invasion, metastasis and ultimate prognosis. The transfection of normal tissues by oncogenes to yield transformed or immortalised lines may be of critical importance in identifying the nature of neoplastic transformation. The use of animal tumors and xenografts, each with the availability of a physiological internal milieu (although different from human metabolic conditions) may yield useful systems for the testing of new therapeutic approaches. However, of the utmost importance is the continuing need to characterise and validate each model, to avoid multiple publications and nomenclatures pertaining to common lines, and to recognise the limitations of the heavily adapted long term cell lines in vivo and in vitro. The major deficiencies of the available lines continue to be found in the method of their application to basic research, rather than being inherent in themselves. Although there are many theoretical and practical applications of these models, it should not be forgotten that the direct study of human bladder cancer, including the appropriate processing of biopsy specimens, will remain integral to understanding the biology of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Prophylactic effect of etretinate on the recurrence of superficial bladder tumors--results of a randomized control study].

The recurrence preventing effect of Etretinate on 174 superficial bladder tumors was examined by a randomized study using the envelope method. After transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, the tumor-free patients were divided into two groups, one administered one 10 mg capsule of Etretinate once a day, and the other group untreated (control group). As a rule, the patients were examined for recurrence every 3 months. There were 9 drop outs (9.6%) in the Etretinate group, and 8 (10%) in the control group. Therefore, 85 subjects in the Etretinate group and 72 patients in the control group were analyzed for statistics. The recurrence rate during the observation period of over 2 years was 38% in the control group and 18% in the Etretinate group, the number of relapsing cases in the latter group tending to be decreased (P less than 0.1). The cumulative recurrence inhibition rate for cases observed over one year tested by the Kaplan Meier method tended to be higher in the Etretinate group compared to the control group (P less than 0.1). Etretinate administration had a high recurrence inhibitory effect (P less than 0.05) in the cases of relapse, multiple tumors, and tumors less than 1 cm. Side effects of Etretinate administration were seen in 21 cases (22.3%). The major symptoms were dry lips, cheilitis, stomatitis, dermal desquamation, etc., and drug use was discontinued in 7 cases (7.4%). The symptoms all disappeared after drug administration was discontinued.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Adrenal cyst: report of a case].

A 32-year-old woman was admitted because of a large abdominal mass in the right upper quadrant. Laboratory findings including hormonal studies were within normal ranges. CT scan and various X-ray examinations revealed a large adrenal cyst on the right side. On May 2, 1984, an adrenal cyst was removed through the right flank incision. Histological study showed that the wall of the cyst consisted of fibrous tissue with endothelial linings and dilated lymphatic vessels. Thus it was classified as a lymphangiomatous adrenal cyst.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Retrograde ejaculation caused by incomplete paralysis of pelvic nerve.

A case of retrograde ejaculation is reported. Initially, it was considered idiopathic, but various examinations revealed subclinical neurogenic bladder with hypotonic detrusor and normal external urethral sphincter. This was due to incomplete paralysis of the pelvic nerve and the normal activity of the pudendal nerve. Normal antegrade ejaculation was obtained by bilateral pudendal nerve block. Some cases of idiopathic retrograde ejaculation are ascribable to neurogenic bladder; and urodynamic examination is essential in the diagnosis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The clinical evaluation of hochuekkito for symptoms of malignant neoplasm patients].

Hochuekkito was administered in 2.5 g doses three times a day to 162 patients who complained of anorexia or lassitude because of genitourinary cancer. The efficacy rate was 63.0%. The rate of effectiveness on anorexia was 48.4% and that on lassitude was 36.6%. Side effects were observed in 12 patients (7.4%), but most of them were mild gastrointestinal disorders. No severe adverse effects were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous nephrostomy].

Sixty three cases (male 32, female 31) of supravesical obstruction were treated with ultrasonically guided subcutaneous nephrostomy at our hospitals from October 1980 to October 1984. Their age ranges from 2 months to 84 years old, and median age was 52 years old. The major causes of ureteral obstruction were extended pelvic malignancies, 45 cases (71%) (gynecological 18, urological 16, gastrocolorectal 7 and others 4), and benign disease 18 cases (29%). Objectives of nephrostomy were classified in 4 categories (drainage, manipulation, irrigation and evaluation), and results of nephrostomy were discussed for each category. No major complications were observed. Only prolonged macrohematuria (over 48 hours) and fever (over 38 degrees C) were observed in 5 cases respectively. Success rate of nephrostomy placement was 97.5% of all cases. With ultrasonography and angiographic technique, percutaneous nephrostomy is an easy, safe and reliable method.

Adolescent↗