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Biomedical subjects

E Okajima

Publications and source records attributed to E Okajima.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with bladder calculi].

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with a bladder stone in a 43-year-old man is reported. Because a 1 cm x 1 cm sized mass was found in the right lateral side of the dome at the time of vesicolithotomy, partial cystectomy was performed. The weight of the stone was 285 g and the tumor was histologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma, grade 2, pT2. Radical cystectomy with ileal conduit was sandwiched by a total of 6 cycles of chemotherapy with PVB. Twelve cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with a bladder stone(s) from the Japanese literature are reviewed, and the relationship between bladder stone, leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[An effect of aluminum on hemesynthesis--special reference to erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen--1--Synthetase and protoporphyrin].

In order to evaluate an inhibitory effect of Al on haem synthesis, erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen-1-synthetase (RBC-Uro-S) activity and erythrocyte level of protoporphyrin (RBC-protoporph) were measured and compared with RBC-Al in 22 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. RBC-Uro-S activity was varied from 38 to 83 nM/ml RBC/hr 37 degrees C (54.18 +/- 12.42 nM/ml RBC/hr 37 degrees C) and a slight elevation could be found no more than in two cases. On the other hand, RBC-protoporph levels showed to be significantly elevated in many cases such as 8 cases out of 22 (36.4%). (normal subjects: 63.25 +/- 27.61 micrograms/dl RBC, HD patients: 90.0 +/- 28.35 micrograms/dl RBC). This study failed to confirm a significant negative correlation between RBC-Al and RBC-Uro-S activity, but a positive significant correlation could be found between RBC-Al and protoporphyrin levels. However we could confirm a negative correlation neither between RBC-Al and Hb values nor between RBC-Uro-S activity and Hb values. Therefore we concluded that Al-intoxication in the patients on long term hemodialysis had a definite inhibitory effect on heme synthesis, but it was by no means a major factor in pathogenesis of anemia associated with chronic dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Fundamental study of in vitro colony forming unit-erythroid assay--reproducibility and sample pretreatment].

The in vitro assay of colony forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) colony is a direct and most reliable method to evaluate a biological activity of erythropoietin (EPO). In general, two kinds of cells are employed in this assay system as an effector cell, e.g. bone marrow cell and fetal mouse liver cell, and the latter cell has more sensitivity for EPO. In this paper, a fundamental methodological process in vitro CFU-E colony formation using a fetal mouse liver cell was described in detail and sensitivity for EPO as well as reproducibility of formed colony count were checked up. In addition, an inhibitory effect was indicated in plasma, even though sampled from a healthy volunteer and it was confirmed to be eliminated sufficiently by simple pretreatment with acidification combined with boiling.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Rat urinary bladder carcinomas induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.

The present investigation was conducted to examine the combination effect of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxy-butyl)nitrosamine(BBN) and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU) in rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Experiment 1 was performed in the groups treated by oral BBN administration in combination with MNU intravesical instillation and their control groups. In the groups given both BBN and MNU, the ratio of rats with the nonpapillary type to carcinoma-bearing rats was significantly higher than in the controls. Since most of the carcinomas were non-invasive, the observation period was prolonged in the groups given both BBN and MNU in experiment 2. However, even after a longer observation period, no invasive carcinoma was observed. These results suggest that high-grade and invasive carcinomas similar to those induced by BBN and MNU in the heterotopically transplanted rat bladder cannot be induced in the natural bladder of the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma with a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium.

We experienced surgical treatment on two patients having renal cell carcinoma with a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium. In these patients, we performed nephrectomy, dissection of lymph nodes and removal of a tumor thrombus using cardiopulmonary bypass. One died of multiple organ failure 42 days postoperatively; the other was discharged from the hospital and is currently doing well 12 months after the operation. Cardiopulmonary bypass combined with hypothermia and low blood flow significantly facilitated removal of the tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium without the risk of pulmonary embolism or brisk hemorrhage.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Effects of bestatin on the host immunity in patients treated for urogenital cancer.

To examine effects of bestatin on the host immunity of patients with urogenital cancer, 54 patients were randomized into 2 groups: bestatin treated and controls. In each group, the patients were divided into 2 subgroups: one which received basic treatment expected to greatly affect host immunity ('invasive treatment') while the other one received other types of basic treatment ('non-invasive treatment'). Peripheral lymphocyte, OKT 4/8 ratio and purified protein derivative (PPD) skin reaction were used as immunological markers. There were significant differences in the 'invasive' treatment group between bestatin treated patients and controls concerning lymphocyte counts and PPD skin reactions and in the 'non-invasive' group concerning lymphocyte counts and OKT 4/8 ratios. These results suggest that bestatin may potentiate host immunity in patients with urogenital cancer. Further studies on larger materials are, however, needed before more definite conclusions can be drawn.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of Cernilton on benign prostatic hypertrophy--a multiple center double-blind study with Paraprost].

A multiple center double blind study was performed to study the effectiveness of Cernilton (CN) on benign prostatic hypertrophy in comparison to Paraprost (PP). Among a total of 192 patients, overall effect was studied on 159 patients, overall safety rate on 178 patients and rate of effectiveness on 159 patients. There were no differences between the two groups in the selected patients, criteria for exclusion and drop out cases or background data of the patients. Impression of patients and overall effect by committee and physician judgment were slightly higher in the CN group compared to the PP group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. For the improvement in subjective symptoms, the rate of moderate improvement or more after 4 weeks by committee judgement was higher in the CN group compared to the PP group. The rate of improvement in protracted miction, which is an effective marker of urinary disturbance, was also higher in the CN group compared to the PP group. An analysis of objective symptoms showed a significant improvement in residual urinary volume, average flow rate, maximum flow rate and prostatic weight in the CN group. A significant improvement in the phased change of residual urinary volume was also seen in the CN group. No side effects or abnormalities in clinical test levels were noted in the CN group. By committee judgement, the rate of more than moderate effectiveness was 49.1% in the CN group compared to 41.2% in the PP group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. By physician's judgment, the rate of more than moderate effectiveness was 49.4% in the CN group compared to 46.3% in the PP group, but there was also no significant difference between the two groups. These results suggested that Cernilton was an effective drug for benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Production of monoclonal antibody against human prostatic adenocarcinoma and its immunohistochemical properties.

We have generated a monoclonal antibody against prostatic adenocarcinoma, PC-Ab (IgM) was derived from a fusion using the fresh prostatic tissue of adenocarcinoma as the immunogen. Initial screening was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the soluble fraction of the immunogen. The specific analysis was performed by the avidin-biotin-complex immunoperoxidase method on paraffin-embedded sections of normal, benign and malignant neoplastic tissues from the prostate and various organs. PC-Ab reacted with well differentiated adenocarcinoma (83.3%), moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (92.2%), and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (90.2%), respectively. According to classification by stage, the reaction rates with stage T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 77.3%, 80.0%, 95.2%, 91.3% and 92.9%, respectively but no significant differences in the stages were seen among these groups. PC-Ab reacted with the epithelium of the normal prostate and benign prostatic adenoma, and human fetal tissues. Molecular weight and isoelectric point of the antigen recognized by this PC-Ab was estimated to be 57,000 daltons and 7.0, respectively. These results indicate that PC-Ab reacts with the antigen associated with human prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnostic evaluation of plasma free gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in maintenance hemodialytic patients with renal osteodystrophy].

The levels of serum Bone Gla Protein (BGP) and plasma free gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (free gamma-Gla) were measured in 36 patients on maintenance hemodialysis and compared with conventional parameters of renal osteodystrophy (ROD), such as C-PTH, intact PTH, Al-PIII and hydroxyproline levels in serum, and sigma GS/D. Even though the values of BGP were significantly elevated in patients group, 64.5 +/- 1.74 ng/ml, but the low values within normal range could be found in 3 of 36 patients, also. On the other hand, plasma levels of free gamma-Gla were markedly elevated in all cases as high as 10.40 +/- 3.10 nmol/ml in average compared to 1.29 +/- 0.37 nmol/ml (n = 15) in healthy controls. Comparative analysis of BGP with other parameters showed exclusively significant correlation as follows, C-PTH: r = 0.833 (p less than 0.01), intact PTH: r = 0.702 (p less than 0.01), Al-PIII: r = 0.771 (p less than 0.01), hydroxyproline: r = 0.462 (p less than 0.01), sigma GS/D: r = -0.407 (p less than 0.05). Respective for its higher levels, comparative analysis of plasma levels of free gamma-Gla with other parameters failed to show a significant correlation except for correlation with C-PTH (r = 0.459, p less than 0.01). Based upon these results, we could confirm a marked elevation in plasma levels of free gamma-Gla in all patients, but couldn't point out its clinical value in ROD in this study.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1990

[A case of metastatic renal tumor: review of 74 cases reported in Japan].

A 76-year-old man, who had undergone surgery for lung cancer, was referred to our department for further examination for left renal mass. Exploration was done through a transperitoneal approach and the left kidney was removed. A metastatic renal tumor originating from a pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed histologically. There have been 73 reported cases with metastatic renal tumor in Japanese literature and we reviewed the pathogenesis and treatment of this rare entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A study of functional recovery for urination and defecation in patients with myelodysplasia: a modified seromuscular ileal flap fixation to the bladder.

From 1978 to 1985, 57 myelodysplasia patients with urinary and defecatory dysfunction underwent surgical treatment by modified seromuscular ileal flap fixation to the bladder. Followup was 1 to 88 months. Bladder capacity did not decrease, and voiding time and urine flow rate significantly improved. A urinary substitute sensation appeared in 45 of 46 patients (97.8 per cent) and urinary incontinence improved in 36 of 37 (97.3 per cent). A fecal substitute sensation appeared in 31 of 46 patients (67.4 per cent) and constipation improved in 22 (47.8 per cent). Operative complications were encountered in 5 of 57 patients (8.8 per cent), including 3 cases of prolonged paralytic ileus, 1 obstructive ileus and 1 wound herniation. Modified seromuscular ileal flap fixation to the bladder appears to be indicated for patients with the lower type of neurogenic bladder with neither a low compliance bladder nor high grade vesicoureteral reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Neoadjuvant therapy for locally invasive bladder cancer.

The present investigation was conducted to examine the effect of neoadjuvant PVB and CAP regimens for locally invasive bladder cancer and consisted of two studies: (1) a retrospective nonrandomized study of neoadjuvant PVB therapy, and (2) a well-controlled randomized study of neoadjuvant CAP therapy. A total of 25 patients with primary locally invasive bladder cancer were entered into the PVB study between January 1981 and December 1985. Since 1986, 31 patients have been randomized into the CAP study. In the PVB-treated group, a 71.4% complete response (CR) plus partial response (PR) rate and a 71.4% downstaging were noted. On the other hand, in the CAP-treated group, a 50.0% CR plus PR rate and a 88.9% downstaging were noted. The 2- and 5-year survival rates of neoadjuvant PVB were 78.6 and 60.6%, respectively. In contrast, the 2-year survival rate of the neoadjuvant CAP-treated group was 100% at a mean follow-up of 15.8 months. No statistical significance was achieved in the survival rates. These results indicated that neoadjuvant PVB and CAP would be useful in the management of invasive bladder cancer.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of Sonolith 2000 on Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for renal and ureteral calculi].

The collaborate studies of clinical application of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) using Sonolith 2000, performed at Departments of Urology of Nara Medical University, the University of Tokai School of Medicine and Wakayama Medical College between March and August 1987, were reported. In total 155 ESWL sessions were carried out on 111 patients suffering from in total 119 upper urinary tract stones. The localization system using ultrasound imaging with a computer assisted multiarticulated arm were evaluated as excellent or effective in 117 cases (98.3%). The stone fragmentations were evaluated as excellent (less than or equal to 3 mm) or effective (less than or equal to 5 mm) in 101 cases (84.9%). On the X-ray film obtained six weeks after the final ESWL treatments, 61 cases (51.3%) were free from stone fragments, 20 cases (16.8%) had sand-like fragments and 18 cases (15.1%) had stone fragments less than 5 mm. 99 cases (83.2%) without stone or with stone fragments less than 5 mm were considered to be with satisfactory results. No serious adverse effect was observed, but petchia on the flanks where shock wave penetrated and mild hematuria were observed in all cases. It is concluded that ESWL treatment using Sonolith 2000 is applicable in the managements of patients with the upper urinary tract stones without serious adverse effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of infantile virilizing adrenocortical tumor].

The patient was a 16-month-old girl, born by mature natural delivery and weighing 3,320 g. Hirsutism was noted on birth. Development of pubic hair and hypertrophy of the labia minora were noted after 8 months. At the time of admission, the height was 80 cm and body weight 14.5 kg. Systemic obesity, facial acne, systemic hirsutism, low pitched voice and hypertrophied clitoris were observed. Androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate and cortisol showed high levels in the blood, and the urinary 17-KS was obviously high, along with an increase in urinary 17-OHCS. The subject did not respond to either the dexamethasone inhibition test or ACTH load test. The abdominal CT revealed a tumor in the front upper position of the left kidney, and adrenal scintigraphy disclosed an obvious accumulation image in the adrenal gland on the left side. Based on the diagnosis of a left adrenal tumor, left adrenalectomy was performed. The tumor measured 5.0 x 4.5 x 3.7 cm, and weighed 57 g. Histopathologically it was diagnosed as adrenocortical adenoma. The infantile virilizing adrenocortical tumor is reported together with some discussion of the literature.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

[Study of serum level of antithrombin-III antigen, antithrombin activity, and its ratio of AT-III-heparin complex formation in maintenance hemodialysis patients].

The plasma level of Antithrombin-III (AT-III) antigen, antithrombin activity and the ratio of AT-III-heparin complex formation have been studied in 20 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis on regular hemodialysis at two occasions with 2 year interval (in 1986 and 1988), and studied as to each variation in each plasma levels, and compared with the period of length of hemodialysis-history of individual cases. A significant decrease was found not only in plasma level of AT-III antigen (25.7 +/- 4.1 mg/dl to 23.4 +/- 3.9 mg/dl), but also in antithrombin activity (90.8 +/- 11.8% to 85.2 +/- 16.8%). Moreover and ratio of AT-III-heparin complex formation was significantly reduced during two years, too (50.7 +/- 3.0% to 53.0 +/- 1.5%). Similarly, a significant negative correlation could be found on the comparison between the duration of hemodialysis and each plasma levels of AT-III antigen (r = -0.27), antithrombin activity (r = -0.33), and as well as ratio of AT-III-heparin complex formation (r = -0.34). Therefore, it was interestingly suggested the possibility that prolonged hemodialysis treatment induced a functional loss of AT-III, especially in a capacity to form a AT-III-heparin complex due to partial loss of the affinity for heparin.

Adult↗