A total of 126 children with 193 refluxing renal units were treated for vesico-ureteral reflux during the period 1966-74. The grading of the cases into mild, moderate and severe reflux revealed renal scarring in 5, 22 and 28% of the three groups. Conservative treatment was used in 10% of the patients, surgery on the urethra in 25%, and reimplantation of the ureter by the Politano-Leadbetter technique in the last two-thirds of the patients. Reflux was eliminated in 50% of the renal units treated conservatively, in 60% of renal units treated with surgery on the urethra, and in 86% of units treated with reimplantation. The overall results seemed to be better in mild than in moderate or severe reflux. The dilatation of the upper urinary tract returned to or approached normal in 85%. Of the children, 80% were without symptoms postoperatively, whereas urinary-tract infection persisted in 36%. The value of the grading of reflux is emphasised, and indications for treatment are discussed.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1977

Fiber types and metabolic potentials of skeletal muscles in sedentary man and endurance runners.

This description of some of the present knowledge on skeletal muscle fibers, their metabolic potentials, and their interplay with the degree of physical activity has revealed that skeletal muscle of man has a very large capacity for adaptation. Moreover, this adaptability appears to be of utmost importance for the metabolic response as well as for performance. Although all this is true, it should not distract us from the fact that we are lacking the most important information. The questions that need to be answered are: What triggers the changes to take place? Which are the regulatory mechanisms?

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1976

Giant vesical calculas and anuria.

A 50-year-old fisherman developed uremia and anuria, due to a giant vesical calculus. He was treated with suprapubic lithotomy, and a calculus weighing 1 640 g was removed. This may be the largest calculus ever removed with recovery of the patient. No other reports of giant stones leading to anuria has been found in the available literature. More than 4 years later an inoperable carcinoma of the bladder was discovered. The long delay in diagnosis of the giant stone, as later of the carcinoma, was due to the patient's lack of confidence in doctors and hospitals.

Anuria↗

PubMed1974

[Prostatic cancer--treatment with extramustine phosphate(Estracyt). An easier application form].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carbamates↗

PubMed1972

[Urethral rupture].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Skeletal muscle fiber composition, nutritional status and subjective fatigue during surgical convalescence.

Samples from the lateral vastus femoris muscle were obtained by needle biopsy from 12 patients before and 20 days after elective abdominal surgery. The content of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers and their lesser diameter were determined and related to subjective degree of fatigue and changes in nutritional parameters. Fatigue increased from a mean preoperative level of 2.2 +/- 0.4 arbitrary units to 4.3 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.001) on postoperative day 20. Body weight, triceps skin fold and slow twitch fiber diameter decreased postoperatively (p less than 0.05). There was no significant postoperative change in the distribution of muscle fiber types. Fatigue increase correlated to weight loss and reduction of triceps skin fold (r = 0.50 and 0.54, p = 0.08 and 0.06, respectively). Postoperative changes in slow and fast twitch fiber diameter correlated to loss of body weight (r = 0.60 and 0.74, p less than 0.05 and less than 0.01, respectively), but correlation was not found between postoperative fatigue and changes in fiber-type distribution (r = 0.34 and 0.29).

Adult↗