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Biomedical subjects

E Noiri

Publications and source records attributed to E Noiri.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Shunt nephritis: efficacy of an antibiotic trial for clinical diagnosis.

Coagulase negative staphylococcus, a normal skin flora, is especially nosopoietic under shunt management, because coagulase negative staphylococcus sometimes forms a biofilm around itself at catheter tips in vivo, which shields the organism from the effects of antibiotics. But it is difficult to distinguish this pathogen from a possible confounding contamination of a blood culture. In this article, we report a case, and discuss how a patient with suspected shunt nephritis should be examined and treated. In addition, to further histological and prognostic interpretation, we review the previously reported cases of shunt nephritis in Japanese adults.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of a continuous syringe extraction method for monitoring hemodialysis ultrafiltrate.

The evaluation of hemodialysis ultrafiltrate is essential for the assessment of uremic toxins, dialyzer net performance, protein catabolic rate, and safety and environmental protection. Total dialysate collection (TDC), however, is technically far from the daily procedure used. In the present study, use of a continuous syringe extraction method (CSEM) as a substitute for TDC was tested to determine its comparative effectiveness. Measurements of urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphate, beta2-microglobulin, and albumin were simultaneously obtained by both TDC and CSEM in 20 dialysis sessions. CSEM showed an extremely significant correlation with TDC for these values. The correlation coefficients were >0.97 for these indicators and the value of Fisher's r to z were all <0.001. Taken together, these data indicate that CSEM is an effective substitute for TDC. With use of CSEM, the evaluation of spent dialysate could become as a daily procedure.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic effect of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides in acute renal injury.

1. Previous studies from our laboratory have suggested that arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides, serving as a decoy, may prevent tubular obstruction in the ischaemic model of acute renal failure. Specifically, we have demonstrated that: (i) stressed tubular epithelial cells reverse the polarity of integrin receptors from the predominantly basolateral location to the apical cell membrane as a part of a more generalized process of the loss of epithelial cell polarity; (ii) depletion of integrins expressed on the basal cell surface leads to the loss of anchorage to the basement membrane and cell desquamation; (iii) expression of integrin receptors on the apical cell membrane leads to indiscriminate interactions (e.g. the adhesion of desquamated cells to the cells remaining in situ), thus initiating the process of tubular obstruction; and (iv) conglomeration of the desquamated cells via integrin receptors further aggravates tubular obstruction. 2. Importantly, these integrin-based interactions can be blocked by synthetic RGD peptides. The linear RGD peptide injected into the renal artery upon release of the renal artery clamp prevented the elevation of proximal tubular hydrostatic pressure characteristically seen in animals with renal ischaemia that received injection of the vehicle of an inactive peptide. 3. In vivo study of RGD peptides in ischaemic acute renal failure in rats demonstrated attenuation of renal injury and accelerated recovery of renal function. 4. Using linear RGD peptide labelled with 99mTc; we have shown that this probe was retained in ischaemic kidneys. 5. To visualize RGD binding sites at the cellular level, we performed a mapping using fluorescent derivatives of two RGD peptides, a cyclic biotinylated (Bt)-RGD peptide and a linear Rhodamine green-labelled (RhoG)-RGD peptide. 6. The findings suggest that the binding sites for RGD peptide are represented by the alphaVbeta3 integrin in the vasculature and some desquamated cells, whereas the majority of the desquamated cells bind Bt-RGD via beta1 integrins. 7. These findings were further tested using cultured endothelial cells co-incubated with leucocytes. When co-incubation experiments were performed in the presence of cyclic RGD pentapeptide, the adhesion of HL-60 cells to both control and hypoxic endothelial monolayers was significantly reduced.

Acute Kidney Injury↗