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Biomedical subjects

E Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to E Noguchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVF) treated with detachable balloon embolotherapy].

A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVF) treated with detachable balloon embolotherapy is reported. A 31-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of polycythemia and hypoxemia. He had a history of dyspnea on exertion and transient cerebral ischemic attacks (TIA). Chest roentgenogram revealed a peripheral lobulated lesion in the right upper lung field and a coin lesion in the left lung field connected by dilated blood vessels to each hilus. Pulmonary angiography and right heart catheterization was performed. Four PAVFs were observed in bilateral lung field, and the intrapulmonary shunt ratio was 25.8%. Because the patient was symptomatic, we embolized each PAVF with a detachable balloon without complications. After embolotherapy, there was improvement in his symptoms. hypoxemia and shunt ratio. Recent reviews have highlighted the need to consider embolotherapy for bilateral multiple PAVF. We conclude that embolotherapy with detachable balloon is a very useful procedure for treatment of bilateral multiple PAVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical study of tuberculous pleuritis, diagnosed by thoracoscopy using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope].

Examination by thoracoscopy, using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope, was performed in 43 patients with pleural effusion according to our reported method. In these patients, 14 cases were diagnosed as tuberculous pleuritis. These 14 cases were investigated with respect to clinical and thoracoscopic findings. Their mean age was 38.1 years, and 11 cases were younger than 50 years old (78.5%). The male:female ratio was 2/1. Clinical symptoms recognised were fever (100%), cough (64.2%), chest oppression (50%) and sputum (35.7%). In 5 cases, gastrointestinal symptoms were recognized such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Tuberculin reaction was positive in all patients with tuberculous pleuritis on admission. With respect to the thoracoscopic findings of tuberculous pleuritis, yellow-white miliary granulomas were observed on the parietal pleura in 12 cases (85.7%), and this characteristic finding was especially observed at the apex. Biopsy specimens, obtained from these miliary granulomas on the parietal pleura showed histological findings of tubercles. In the other 2 cases, generalized reddening of the entire parietal pleura was observed, with no yellow-white miliary granulomas. Biopsy specimens obtained from the reddened lesions on the parietal pleura showed histological findings of tubercles, and these 2 cases were also diagnosed as tuberculous pleuritis. These results indicate that this method may be very useful for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis in patients with pleural effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Electron microscopical and immunohistochemical studies on the induction of "Qi" employing needling manipulation.

During a sparrow-pecking and twisting-needle manipulation to the acupoints BL 23, 24 and 25 for an induction of "Qi", it was found that some transparent materials were binding to the needles after removed from the volunteer's skin. Electron-microscopical analysis of the transparent materials revealed that they corresponded to the injured fascia made up of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, fibroblasts, adipocytes and mast cells. Rarely were nerve fiber-like structures observed in the materials. Immunohistochemically, calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive nerve fibers could be demonstrated in the acupoint BL 24 associated fascia. A possible functional relationship between the needle manipulation and the induction of Qi-sensation is discussed along with the acupoint tissue constitution.

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed1992

[Sialyl Lewis X-i (SLX) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with lung cancer].

The measurement of serum SLX is thought to be a useful aid in the diagnosis of malignant diseases, particularly adenocarcinoma of the lung. In the present investigation, we measured and compared SLX values in BALF from affected and normal bronchi, obtained from 83 patients. They consisted of 64 males and 19 females, with mean age of 60 years, consisting of 8 normal controls, 19 cases of benign lung disease, and 56 cases of primary lung cancer. SLX value in BALF from normal bronchi was significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than in normal controls, but there was no significant difference in SLX value between lung cancer and benign lung disease. On the other hand, SLX value from affected bronchi was significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than in normal controls and patients with benign lung disease. The rate of elevated SLX in BALF from affected bronchi was significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than in those with benign lung disease. These results suggest that measurement of SLX levels in BALF from affected bronchi may be a useful method for differential diagnosis of primary lung cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of invasive thymoma presenting as a solitary metastatic lesion of the lung].

A 66-year-old woman visited our hospital for further investigation of a coin-shaped lesion in the right lower lung field. After admission, CT-scan revealed an anterior mediastinal tumor. Thymoma and lung metastasis from thymoma were suspected. At thoracotomy, an invasive thymoma involving the left phrenic nerve, the left upper lobe, and the pericardium was found, and the diagnosis of lung metastasis was made. Postoperative pathological findings showed a predominantly lymphocytic thymoma with round and oval-shaped epithelial cells, and the metastatic lung lesion revealed the same findings. Postoperative radiotherapy (4000 rads) and chemotherapy with a combination of CDDP, VDS, and CPA were administered. The metastasis of thymoma is not rare, but most often it is found after operation. In this case the diagnosis of metastatic thymoma was made pre-operatively from a solitary lung lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Studies of adenosine inhalation in asthmatic patients].

In order to determine the mechanism of bronchoconstriction induced by the inhalation of adenosine in asthmatics, we measured, by the astograph method, cyclic nucleotides, leukotrienes and thromboxane B2 before and after the inhalation, and we studied the relationship between serum theophylline concentration and Rrs cont, Dmin and S Grs/Grs cont of the astogram obtained by inhaled adenosine. Plasma TXB2 level was significantly raised (p less than 0.05) after inhalation, but cAMP, cGMP, LTB4 and LTC4 did not change. In the astogram, Dmin was significantly elevated (p less than 0.01) when plasma theophylline concentration was raised to the therapeutic level, but Rrs cont and S Grs/Grs cont showed no remarkable change. We confirmed that inhaled adenosine caused bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients, and that Dmin was elevated after the administration of theophylline. These results suggest that TXB2, a metabolic product of arachidonic acid, may be one of the most important mediators in the bronchoconstriction mechanism of inhaled adenosine.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1990

[A case of primary anterior mediastinal choriocarcinoma].

A 25-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of hemosputum and abnormal shadows on chest X-ray film. The chest film showed a mass shadow located in the right hilum and multiple coin lesions in bilateral lung fields. The chest CT scan showed a bulky mass sized 7 cm X 6 cm at the anterior mediastinum. This case was suspected to be choriocarcinoma because he was young, it was rapidly progressive and also because serum LDH and beta-HCG values were raised. The specimens obtained by surgical biopsy showed HCG-stain positive syncytiotrophoblasts. Cancer chemotherapy was started with CDDP and other anti-cancer drugs, but he succumbed about 3 months after admission. Autopsy findings showed no scar formation of his testes, and the primary lesion was finally diagnosed to be in the anterior mediastinum. Extra-gonadal choriocarcinoma is rare, and beta-HCG is very useful for its diagnosis and the follow-up of the clinical course.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Complement activation by killed polyvalent bacterial vaccine on the pleurodesis].

Broncasma Berna (B.B.) prepared from killed polyvalent bacterial vaccine is used as a pleural irritant for pleurodesis on patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. The effects of B.B. on the complement system in vivo after injections into pleural spaces were investigated. Five patients with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent intrapleural injections of B.B. Increased body temperatures with positive C-reactive proteins and increased polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts in peripheral blood were observed in all patients. Serum levels of complement components (Clq, Cls, C4, C3 and B), hemolytic activity of complement (CH50) and plasma levels of C3a were gradually elevated after intrapleural injections of B.B. Analysis of pleural fluids from 4 patients showed that levels of C3a and C5a were increased compared with plasma levels, and an accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were observed. These findings suggest that intrapleural injections of B.B. activate the complement system and cause inflammatory reactions accompanied by an increase of C3a and C5a and an accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such inflammatory reactions might inversely induce the synthesis of complement components and promote the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from bone marrow. The deposit of fibrin during these inflammatory processes might contribute to the development of pleurodesis. These inflammatory reactions might be mediated through the activation of the classical complement pathway by B.B.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Vectorcardiographic QRS loop in spontaneous pneumothorax.

Vectorcardiographic QRS loops were recorded in twenty-nine patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (SP), comprised of eighteen of left SP and eleven of right SP. The configurations of QRS loops in acute to recovery phases were compared. The patients were classified into three groups according to the degree of collapse of the lung (Group A: 25% or less, Group B: 25% to 50%, Group C: 50% or more). The major features of the QRS loop in SP were as follows: Left SP--Leftward QRS force was markedly reduced and the mean QRS axis showed a shift to the inferior and posterior. The greatest changes in the QRS loop appeared in group B. Right SP--The mean QRS axis tended to shift to the posterior and to the right. For clarifying the cause of the changes in the QRS loop, a simulation study was performed with a two-dimensional electrical field model. The results of the simulation study strongly suggested that the alterations of the QRS loop in spontaneous pneumothorax were mainly due to extracardiac reasons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Studies on the sulfhydryl group of L-galactonolactone oxidase.

L-Galactonolactone oxidase was found to be inactivated by various sulfhydryl reagents: the order of inactivation rate was HgCl2 greater than p-chloromercuribenzoate greater than 4,4'-dipyridyldisulfide greater than 2,2'-dipyridyldisulfide greater than 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoate) greater than N-ethylmaleimide greater than iodoacetamide. The inactivation by 4,4'dipyridyldisulfide was studied in detail, and it was found that the maximum degree of inactivation attained with increasing reagent concentration was 93%, and that the kinetics of inactivation was first order with respect to the reagent concentration. The pH dependence of the second-order rate constant of the inactivation revealed that sulfhydryl group with a pKa of approximately 9.8 was involved in the inactivation process. The value of pKa is high compared with that of low-molecular weight thiols, indicating that the ionization of the sulfhydryl group is affected by the electric field of a negatively charged group located in its vicinity. The values of Km and Vmax for the L-galactonolactone oxidase reaction did not change greatly around pH 9.8. This finding is consistent with the view that the sulfhydryl group does not participate in the catalytic process. The velocity of inactivation in the presence of substrate was considerably greater than that observed in its absence. It appears that the sulfhydryl group becomes more reactive during the catalytic cycle of the enzyme. It was also noted that the absorption spectrum of the flavin prosthetic group (the oxidized form) was modified by adding p-chloromercuribenzoate.

Chloromercuribenzoates↗