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Biomedical subjects

E Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to E Nakano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[A randomized study on intravesical pirarubicin (THP) chemoprophylaxis of recurrence after transurethral resection of superficial bladder cancer].

A prospective randomized study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic intravesical instillation of tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) following complete transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial bladder cancer. A total of 80 patients were randomized into "THP" or "control" group. In the THP group, 20 mg of THP dissolved in 40 ml saline (or 5% dextrose) was administered intravesically once a week for 10 weeks, starting from about 7 days after TUR. In the control group, 40 ml saline was given with the same schedule. The patients were followed up by cystoscopy and urinary cytology every 3 months. The number of evaluable patients was 36 for the THP group and 37 for the control group. The non-recurrence rates in the THP group and control group were 79.4% versus 63.2% at 1 year and 69.8% versus 47.4% at 3 to 5 years, respectively. These figures were not statistically significant. However, THP instillation significantly reduced tumor recurrence rates for multiple tumors, and also tended to decrease recurrence rates for primary and pT1 tumors. Adverse effects were observed in 53.6% of the patients in the THP group, but they were tolerable. Our results suggest that intravesical THP instillation would not be effective for all patients with superficial bladder cancer. Further study is warranted in a selected group of patients.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of flumethrin in mouse bone marrow by chromosomal analysis and micronucleus test.

The genotoxic potential of the pyrethroid flumethrin was evaluated by using the combined protocol of metaphase analysis and micronucleus test in vivo in mouse bone marrow. The dermal route was tested in a single treatment and the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route in a single and a multiple treatment. Flumethrin showed a cytotoxic effect on both myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis, as evidenced by a reduction in the mitotic index and in polychromatic erythrocyte values. An increase in the frequency of gaps after the dermal exposure and of breaks only at the highest dose tested in the i.p. treatment indicates a weak clastogenic potential of the compound. A significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed after single and multiple i.p. treatments. In the latter, the induction of micronuclei was highly significant but not accompanied by an increase in breaks. This may indicate that the clastogenic effect might not account by itself for the induction of micronuclei, which could also have arisen from an aneugenic potential of flumethrin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1996

Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding the Candida utilis urate oxidase (uricase).

A urate oxidase (uricase) gene was cloned from Candida utilis with an oligonucleotide probe based on the amino acid sequence of cyanogen bromide-cleaved uricase. The uricase gene contains 909 base pairs and encodes a protein with a predicted mass of 34,193 Da. Candida uricase was similar (49% match in amino acid sequence) to the uricase from Aspergillus flavus. The uricase from Candida utilis has four cysteines and one of them, Cys168, participates in the enzyme activity. This enzyme was expressed to a level of about 20% of total cellular protein in an Escherichia coli cell as a soluble and functional form.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[Phase I study of bicalutamide (Casodex), a nonsteroidal antiandrogen in patients with prostatic cancer].

A phase I study (open trial) of bicalutamide (Casodex), a non-steroidal antiandrogen, was conducted on 16 patients with prostatic cancer (stage C to D). The patients were given 10, 30, 50, 80 or 100 mg of bicalutamide orally daily for 12 weeks. Adverse reactions were observed in 8 out of 16 patients, but almost all were mild. Breast pain, gynecomastia and hot flushes were observed in 6 patients. Adverse reactions regarding liver function tests were observed in 3 patients. These were increased glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaliphosphatase (AL-P) or gamma guanosine 5'-triphosphate (gamma-GTP). However, during or after the treatment period the elevated values were reversed to the pretreatment level. In terms of efficacy, anti-tumor effect was observed in 1 or 2 patients at each dose. Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and estradiol increased during treatment. Plasma concentrations of the R (-) enantiomer, which has antiandrogenic activity, reached the steady state 6-8 weeks after the initiation of treatment; its apparent plasma elimination half-life observed following repeated administration was 8.4 +/- 1.1 days. In conclusion, bicalutamide (10-100 mg od) is considered to be tolerated well enough to be administered to patients with prostatic cancer and has shown evidence of anti-tumor effect.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical early phase II study of bicalutamide (Casodex) in patients with prostatic cancer].

To investigate the efficacy and safety of bicalutamide (Casodex) with its clinically recommended dose, the randomized early phase II study was performed in 124 patients with prostatic cancer (stage C, D). The patients were given 50, 80 or 100 mg of bicalutamide orally once a day in fixed doses for 12 weeks; 122 patients were eligible for evaluation. The overall response rate was 50.0% (20/40), 61.0% (25/41) and 53.7% (22/41) in the 50 mg, 80 mg and 100 mg groups, respectively. The response rate in prostate lesion, bone and lymph node metastases was slightly higher in the 80 mg group than in the 50 mg and 100 mg groups. The proportion of patients showing a response with regard to serum PSA (CR and PR) was 84.2, 92.7 and 97.6% in the 50, 80 and 100 mg groups, respectively. The incidence of adverse reactions was 65.0, 61.0 and 61.0% in the 50, 80 and 100 mg groups, respectively, and there was no significant difference in overall safety rating in the three groups. Frequent adverse reactions were gynecomastia and breast pain. Only one patient in the 80 mg group was withdrawn due to shortness of breath. Serum concentrations of LH, testosterone and estradiol increased significantly after treatment. Bicalutamide was concluded to be effective and well tolerated in patients with prostatic cancer, and its recommended dose was 80 mg once daily.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Left ventricular-coronary sinus shunt through a septal aneurysm after mitral valve re-replacement.

We describe a case in which a left ventricular-coronary sinus communication through a dissecting ventricular septal aneurysm developed after a redo mitral valve replacement. The outlet orifice of the communication was located in the side wall of the ostium of the coronary sinus. Both the communication and the aneurysm were successfully dealt with by performing a right atriotomy and by opening the aneurysm from its outlet orifice.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in striatonigral degeneration.

A 6-year-old boy with striatonigral degeneration had an episode of neuroleptic malignant syndrome after an upper respiratory infection. Dantrolene treatment was successful. Some reports have demonstrated that anesthetic and antipsychotic agents lead to neuroleptic malignant syndrome in disorders of the basal ganglia. However, neuroleptic malignant syndrome attributable to a respiratory infection has not previously been reported. Our patient illustrates the potential morbidity of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with striatonigral degeneration.

Child↗
PubMed1995

[Prealbumin].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Nucleotide sequence of the phosphotransacetylase gene of Escherichia coli strain K12.

The phosphotransacetylase gene (pta) from Escherichia coli strain K-12 1100 was identified in a cloned fragment of chromosomal DNA (Yamamoto-Otake, H., Matsuyama, A. and Nakano, A. (1990) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 33, 680-682). Overexpression in E. coli confirmed the presence of the pta gene within the cloned fragment. DNA sequence analysis of the cloned pta gene indicates that the predicted phosphotransacetylase polypeptide chain is 713 amino acids in length. The carboxyterminal region of the E. coli phosphotransacetylase shows 42.6% sequence identity with the corresponding enzyme from Methanosarcina thermophila (142 out of 333 residues in corresponding positions are identical). Several short regions of high sequence identity may be structurally or functionally important for enzymic activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Elucidation of the thermal stability of the neutral proteinase II from Aspergillus oryzae.

The neutral proteinase II from Aspergillus oryzae (NpII) is a zinc proteinase with three intramolecular disulfide bonds. NpII is most unstable after 10 min at about 75 degrees C, but regains stability beyond this temperature and is relatively stable at 100 degrees C. We analyzed the thermal stability of wild-type NpII and apo NpII. The results suggested that NpII unfolds reversibly upon incubation up to 100 degrees C, and that the irreversible inactivation observed is mainly due to autoproteolysis. To further understand the stability, a mutant NpII (Cys78-->Ala) lacking one of the disulfide bonds, was produced in a heterologous yeast expression system. The mutant NpII showed a similar stability profile, but the most unstable temperature and the most catalytically active temperature decreased to the same extent (around 10 degrees C), confirming that autoproteolysis is the main cause of the irreversible inactivation. Several lines of evidence presented in this study demonstrated that the thermal stability of o++NpII is attributed to reversible thermal unfolding and autoproteolysis.

Aspergillus oryzae↗
PubMed1994

Enhancement of thermostability of firefly luciferase from Luciola lateralis by a single amino acid substitution.

We constructed firefly luciferase mutants from Luciola lateralis in which Ala at position 217 was replaced by each of three hydrophobic amino acid residues (Ile, Leu, and Val). These mutants were superior to the wild-type in thermostability. Especially, the purified Ala217Leu mutant still maintained over 70% of the initial activity after 60 min at 50 degrees C. This mutant is the most thermostable firefly luciferase obtained.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[[Attitudes on marriage among unmarried youths in contemporary Japan]].

"The purpose of this paper is to describe [attitudes on] marriage among unmarried youths in contemporary Japan, using the unmarried respondents' part of the Tenth Japanese National Fertility Survey carried out in July 1992." Aspects considered include the desirability of arranged marriage; desired age at marriage; desired characteristics of future spouse; women's attitudes on marriage and employment; and the desirability of residing with parents after marriage. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A case of Jordans' anomaly].

A 35-years old female with Jordans' anomaly was reported. She had been treated for diabetes mellitus and hypertension at another hospital. She was admitted to our hospital for operation for diabetic retinopathy on July 9, 1992. Wright-Giemsa stained peripheral blood smear revealed multiple vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the granulocytes and monocytes. Histochemical studies of these vacuoles showed positive for Sudan III but negative for peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and PAS staining. Electron microscopic examination revealed that lipid containing vacuoles had no clear membrane and were not associated with cell organelles. Laboratory findings of the serum showed hyperglycemia (FBS 188mg/dl), high HbA1c level (9.4%) and mild type IIa hyperlipidemia. Abdominal sonogram and abdominal CT showed no remarkable abnormalities except for mild fatty liver. Her elder sister and daughter had similar morphological findings in granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Correlation of serum basic fetoprotein with acute rejection in kidney transplantation.

We monitored serum BFP, a broad-spectrum tumor marker, in 36 patients with kidney transplantation. Serum BFP was elevated in close association with acute rejection and dropped to a normal level after reversal of rejection. As Western blot analysis has revealed that BFP is present in the normal kidney, it is believed that serum BFP may be useful for the detection of various types of renal damage such as acute rejection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[MEP (methotrexate, etoposide and cisplatin) and M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin) for advanced uroepithelial cancer--a preliminary report of MEP as second line chemotherapy for recurrence after M-VAC].

Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (M-VAC regimen) or with methotrexate, etoposide and cisplatin (MEP regimen) was administered to 32 patients with advanced measurable uroepithelial cancers. Fifteen patients among them were adequately treated with M-VAC regimen, and 11 with MEP regimen. Complete remission was not achieved clinically in any patients. Partial remission occurred in 73.3% (11/15) of M-VAC patients and 72.7% (8/11) of MEP patients. Of eleven MEP patients, six were treated with MEP therapy as second line chemotherapy for the recurrence after other chemotherapy (5 cases after M-VAC, 1 case after intraarterial cisplatin). They showed a considerable response (4 patients, PR; 2 patients, MR) and an appreciable remission period, not inferior to those of first line chemotherapy with M-VAC regimen. The present study shows that MEP may be a promising regimen for advanced uroepithelial cancers, especially as a second line chemotherapy for relapsed cases after M-VAC therapy.

Adult↗