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Biomedical subjects

E Molina

Publications and source records attributed to E Molina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The interactive effects of dietary quality on the growth and attained size of young Mexican children.

Predictors of attained size at 30 mo and growth rate between 18 and 30 mo (eg, diet, maternal size, morbidity, age at weaning, and selected environmental factors) were investigated by using longitudinal data from 67 Mexican children aged 18-30 mo. These children were small because of growth stunting in early infancy. Between 18 and 30 mo they grew on average at the 50th percentile of National Center for Health Statistics references values for weight, and the 25th for length. Size at 30 mo and growth rates were unrelated to energy or protein intakes during the previous year, but positively related to consumption of animal-origin foods. Maternal weight predicted size and growth only for children with larger intakes of animal products. Individual rates of weight and length growth were uncorrelated on average, correlated negatively when animal-product intake was low, and positively only when more animal products were consumed. Integrated weight and length growth, and the influence of maternal size on growth, may be disrupted by poor dietary quality. Different children would be identified as malnourished depending on whether weight or length growth was measured.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Field evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for estimating the sporozoite rate in Anopheles albimanus.

We have verified for specimens of Anopheles albimanus that an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used to assess Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum sporozoite antigen rates gives results comparable to the salivary gland dissection method for estimating sporozoite rates. For 14,150 adults of An. albimanus, captured at five locations in Guatemala, we report sporozoite antigen rates of 0.03-0.57%, which correlate with the malaria prevalences at the study sites. We also present data that suggest that specimens of An. albimanus for the ELISA can be obtained more efficiently by cattle corral collections than by the human bait capture method.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in childhood: study of three cases].

We report three children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, two secondary to pharyngeal obstruction and the third secondary to laryngomalacia. All patients presented important respiratory efforts with inspiratory stridor during sleep, frequent obstructive apneas with important hipoxemia, sweating, and arousal episodes. Two patients suffered excessive daytime sleepiness, behavioral disturbances and development delay, and the third, intelligence in the borderline retardation range, and important heart arritmias (bradycardia with ventricular extrasystoles) during obstructive apneas. In two children the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and the secondary symptoms disappeared after adenotonsillectomy. The patient with laryngomalacia required tracheostomy.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1979

Histamine receptors in the guinea pig ileum.

Histamine and some related compounds acting selectively on H2-or H1 receptors were tested for their ability to contract the guinea pig ileum, in the usual whole ileum preparation and in the longitudinal muscle preparation. The concentrations elicited by histamine in both kinds of preparations were not potentiated by cimetidine or metiamide and were not inhibited by administration of H2 receptor selective agonists in doses which were subthreshold for contracting the guinea pig ileum; higher doses of the H2 agonists could actually potentiate the effect of histamine. The results obtained suggest that H2 receptors with relaxing effect do not occur in the guinea pig ileum or at least that they are not involved in the contraction of the longitudinal muscle layers. The possibility that a sub-type of H2 receptors with properties different from those of the "classical" H2 receptors so far known, exists in the guinea pig ileum, cannot be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Use of the central venous pressure catheter to obtain blood cultures.

The results of aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures obtained from a peripheral venopuncture and from the central venous pressure catheter were compared in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU to determine if pain and anxiety from multiple venopunctures could be alleviated while the physician's task is facilitated. The results were identical in 93.5% of the 92 comparisons. The discrepancies were evaluated and it was concluded that the method was easy, quick, and reliable. We recommend it as a suitable alternative to venopuncture.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1979

Action of histamine receptor agonists and antagonists on the rat uterus.

1 Histamine and a series of compounds acting selectively on H1- and H2-receptors were tested on the isolated oestrous uterus of the rat. 2 Histamine had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the contractions elicited by acetylcholine. This action was unaffected by H1-blockers but was competitively inhibited by H2-blockers. The H1-selective agonist, 2-(2-aminoethyl)thiazole was ineffective at doses 100 times greater than those of histamine. Conversely, all the H2-agonists showed activity in the order of potency: N'-methylhistamine greater than histamine greater than N'-N'-dimethylhistamine greater than 5-methylhistamine greater than 5-methyl-N'-methylhistamine. Among the non-imidazole compounds, dimaprit had an activity identical to that of histamine, but all the dimaprit-like compounds showed negligible activity. 3 The data obtained suggest that in the rat uterus, (a) the activation of H2-receptors is responsible for the inhibitory effect of histamine and its analogues; (b) the integrity of the histamine molecule seems to be less crucial than that of the dimaprit molecule for the maintenance of the H2-activity, since changes in its structure modify but do not abolish the biological activity as they do in the case of dimaprit; (c) the order of activity of the various H2-receptor agonists is different from that observed in other tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

"In vitro" duodenal muscle in the pharmacological study on natural compounds.

In vitro duodenal muscle was found to be a useful tool in the study of natural compounds. In the field of polypeptides rat duodenum was found to be of definite importance to differentiate the bradykinins (which induce relaxation) from the tachykinins (which evoke contractions). Human duodenum both "in vitro" and "in vivo" is relaxed by peptides of the gastrin and cholecystokinin family (like caerulein), whereas it is contracted by bombesin. Dog and cat duodenum is contracted by all the different types of peptides though in various degrees. Guinea pig duodenum is contracted by many peptides and also by histamine and related substances. In this case another differentiation seems to be possible as contraction induced by stimulation of H1 receptors concerns essentially the longitudinal muscle layer whereas stimulation of H2 receptors seems to inhibit the longitudinal contraction because of a contraction of the circular muscle or because of true relaxation of the longitudinal muscle. All the above considerations suggest that a comparative study performed on duodenal muscle of different animals might give useful information in the screening of new natural active compounds of synthetic analogues.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of ovariectomy and estradiol injection on nuclear structures of endometrial epithelial cells.

The changes of the rate of RNA synthesis produced by castration and estradiol injection on the surface endometrial cells of the rat are profited to study the variations in the number and size of nuclear ribonucleoprotein structures and in the disposition of chromatin. Two-dimensional measurements on sections contrasted with preferential procedures were employed to estimate the fraction of nuclear volume occupied by each element. Young adult rats in estrus are used as controls. 3 weeks after ovariectomy, the area fraction occupied by the nucleolus is reduced almost to a third of the control value, while the number of perichromatin granules per unit area of nucleus has significantly increased. A single injection of 20 microgram of estradiol produces a rapid decrease of the number of perichromatin granules to a fourth of the value of castrate animals, in 15-30 min, followed by a slow increase. Nucleolar area fraction begins to increase 2 h after estrogen administration and at 24 h it is higher than in controls. It is concluded that the changes of the nucleolar volume are due to the effects of estradiol on the synthesis of nucleolar RNA, while the variations of perichromatin granules are produced by the combination of the effect on extranucleolar RNA synthesis and on its processing and/or transporting to the cytoplasm. Both effects are independent and undergo different temporal courses.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Action of some gastric antisecretory drugs on histamine H2-receptors (author's transl)].

A series of compounds endowed with gastric antisecretory activity were examined for their possible effects on histamine H2 receptors in different experimental conditions. The data obtained suggest that, apart from cimetidine, all the other compounds are devoid of antagonistic properties on H2 receptors. The inhibitory effect observed in some of the examined preparations is probably connected with unspecific actions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of 2-(5-methyl-4-imidazolyl)-1-methylethylamine on histamine receptors].

Compound 2-(5-methyl-4-imidazolyl)-1-methylethylamine was tested on different preparations for its histamine-like activity. It was found to markedly affect H2 receptors and at the same time to be practically devoid of any activity on H1 receptors. This high selectivity of action indicates that this compound may represent a useful tool for characterizing the distribution of H2 and H1 receptor sites.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1977

Action of some natural polypeptides on the longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig ileum.

The structure--activity relationship of some natural tachykinins was investigated in the longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig ileum. The order of potency was eledoisin greater than uperolein greater than substance P greater than phyllomedusin greater than physalaemin. This ratio of activity is different from that observed in other experimental conditions, and in different in vivo or in vitro preparations; it is suggested that the N-terminal part of the molecule of the tachykinins plays a role in determining the degree of potency of these compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Biological properties of 1,2-benzisothiazole compounds. Spasmolytic effect of N-(cyclohexylaminoethyl)-1,2-benzisothiazole-3-carboxyamides benzene-substituted on segments of human myometrium in virto].

A report is given on the spasmolytic effect of two benzisothiazolcarboxyamides (compound A and compound B). These drugs were able to inhibit the stimulant action of histamine on human isolated myometrium. The potency of the two compounds exceeded by ten times that of ritodrine (a beta adrenergic stimulant), the efficacy was slightly higher (20-30%) than that of papaverine. This pharmacological effect is discussed on the light of the spectrum of activites of the benzisothiazolcarboxyamidic compounds.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Measurement of DNA antibodies.

Modifications of the standard Farr technic for assaying DNA antibodies are presented; these result in improved separation of normals from abnormals, enhanced reproducibility, and simplicity of performance. The use of 0.4 M borate buffer extends the range of the assay, while a 0.1 M buffer aids differentiation when equivocal results are obtained. Centrifugation of vials prior to counting improves the reproducibility by approximately 3%. Polyethylene glycol, at a final concentration of 6 Gm. per 100 ml., can be substituted for ammonium sulfate, with some advantages.

Antibodies↗