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Biomedical subjects

E Medina

Publications and source records attributed to E Medina.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The electroencephalogram in adult patients with fever.

In order to determine if adult patients have reversible EEG abnormalities concurrent with fever, EEGs were recorded during fever in patients without neurologic disease or systemic disease capable of involving the central nervous system, and these were compared blindly with EEGs from the same patients taken at least 30 days after the febrile illness had disappeared. Fourteen patients completed the study, 10 men and 4 women, between the ages of 24 and 56 years, with fever secondary to localized infection. The global frequency of abnormal EEGs was high compared with the general population, since only 6 patients had both records completely normal; in 4 of these 6 cases during fever there were sleep patterns, mainly the first phase of slow wave sleep. Patients with localized abnormalities during fever showed the same abnormality in the EEG taken without fever, with two exceptions, one in which the abnormal finding disappeared and one in which another abnormality replaced the first one. Two patients had normal EEGs during fever and paroxysmal theta waves with predominance in their EEGs taken one month later. Fever in adults seems not to provoke rapidly reversible EEG changes. The high proportion of abnormal EEGs in these patients, and the appearance of new abnormalities in two cases after fever, deserves further research concerning the long-term effects of febrile illness on the EEG in adult patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Direct multiplanar computed tomography in planning radiotherapy for malignant tumours of the nasopharynx.

A method of direct computed tomography (CT) scanning for planning radiotherapy of malignant nasopharyngeal tumours is described. Direct multiplanar CT scanning is the imaging method of choice for the diagnosis and definition of the target volume of these tumours. The patient is positioned for treatment precisely as for direct axial model CT. By integrating the information generated by high-definition scout views, direct axial mode, and, occasionally, direct coronal mode CT, the anatomical points of reference are identified. These are then translated to the surface anatomy of the patient to define the fields accurately prior to radiotherapy treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Use of indirect calorimetry in the nutritional management of burned patients.

The use of indirect calorimetry in assessing and monitoring nutritional support in burn patients is reported. Twenty-nine patients with a mean burn size of 35% TBSA were monitored with 228 measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE), calculations of respiratory quotient (RQ), and substrate metabolism. Daily weights, nitrogen balance determinations, and routine laboratory tests were also obtained. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was 186 +/- 39 ml/min/M2, corresponding to REE of 2,506 +/- 543 kcal/day. REE varied during the course of wound healing, demonstrating a biphasic course. Metabolic rate was also significantly increased with the performance of routine procedures such as dressings and surgery. Measurements of REE were a mean 76% of predictions based on the Curreri formula, and 1.47 times basal energy expenditure (BEE) calculated by the Harris-Benedict equation. Neither formula provided for the great variations observed in daily, and individual, measurements of REE. During the study, patients consumed 2,900 +/- 811 kcal/day, which exceeded REE by 1.14. This was associated with mean weight loss of 3.2% (range, -16 to 9%). RQ was less than 0.85 in 9% of determinations, but exceeded 1.0 24% of the time. Protein accounted for 17 +/- 3% of total metabolism, corresponding to a calorie:nitrogen ratio of 128:1. Practically, however, provision of this much protein proved difficult. Routine use of indirect calorimetry permits tailoring of nutritional support for burn patients, and is valuable in the early detection of significant under- or overnutrition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of chlorpromazine on the graft versus host reaction].

The effect of chlorpromazine (CLZ) on the graft vs. host reaction (G.vs.H.r.) induced by the injection of parental immunocompetent cells to F1 hybrids was studied. Rats of one parental strain were immunized with 3 X 10(7) splenic nucleated cells from the other parental strain. The injection of 3 X 10(6) and 6 X 10(6) nucleated cells obtained from the spleen of these previously immunized rats to 21-day-old F1 hybrids induced a typical G.vs.H.r. The degree of the G.vs. H.r. was estimated 10 days after the injection of the parental cells by the splenic index (S.I.) and histological studies of the spleen. The administration of CLZ (30 mg/kg/day i.p. during 10 days) either to the donor or to the host inhibited the G. vs.H.r. The effect of CLZ was partially antagonized by the simultaneous administration of Bromocriptine (10 mg/kg/day i.p.) to F1 hybrids. An effect similar, although quantitatively smaller to that of CLZ was caused by the injection of Prolactin (Pro) 100 I.U./kg/day, i.p. to F1 hybrids. None of these drugs modified neither the lymphatic structure nor the S.I. of hybrids not inoculated with lymphoid cells. The rectification of the functions number of injected cells vs. S.I. allowed us to apply the statistical method of covariance to the different treatments used and to establish the degree of significance of the modifications produced by the drugs. In contrast to the profound inhibition of the G.vs.H.r. obtained when CLZ was administered to previously immunized donors, the effect of this drug was minor if the treatment was performed in nonimmunized donors. Splenic cells obtained from rats previously immunized with the other parental strain were incubated in vitro during two hours with different concentrations of CLZ (10(-6), 10(-5) and 10(-4) M) or Pro (15,30,50,75,100,200 and 500 ng/ml). This treatment did not modify the capacity of these cells to induce G.vs.H.r. when injected into F1 hybrids. We postulate that the inhibitory action of CLZ on the G.vs.H.reaction is mediated, at least in part, by the capacity of this drug to increase the plasmatic levels of PRO. The effect of CLZ and PRO is observed mainly in lymphoid clones in expansion because of the stimulation by histocompatibility antigens.

Animals↗