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Biomedical subjects

E Martinez

Publications and source records attributed to E Martinez.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Septal myocardial perfusion imaging with thallium-201 in the diagnosis of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery disease.

The use of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) to identify obstructive coronary disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery proximal to the first septal perforator (prox LAD) was studied in 60 patients. Perfusion of the septum and anteroapical areas with thallium-201 injected during exercise was compared to results of coronary arteriography. Septal MPI defect was found in 92.3% of patients with obstruction of the proximal LAD, 27.7% of patients with obstruction of LAD distal to first septal perforator, 0% in patients with obstructions involving right or circumflex arteries, and in 10.5% of patients without coronary disease. Anteroapical MPI defects were found with similar frequency in the three groups with obstructive coronary disease. Septal MPI defect had a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 85.4% in the diagnosis of proximal LAD disease. Normal septal perfusion with thallium-201 virtually excluded proximal LAD disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A topographic measurement of brain pH.

The ability of neutral red to serve as an internal pH indicator in biological systems was tested in the rat brain after parenteral adminstration of the dye. The injected dye is avidly taken up by the brain cells and is distributed mainly in intracellular organelles. The ratio of optical signals recorded from the frozen brain at 445 and 530 nm and compared with calibration curves provides pH values. Color transition of neutral red ranges from 6.0 to 8.0 pH units. Topographic application of this method is particularly useful in studying local pH changes in brains with developing ischemic foci.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Pancreatic encephalopathy.

A prospective study was conducted on 17 cases of acute pancreatitis; encephalopathy was discovered in six patients (35%). The following parameters were studied: the usual ones in pancreatitis conditions (amylasemia, lipasemia, amylasuria, ions, glucose, pO2, pCO2, pH, etc.), and electroencephalographic changes and determinations in CSF of cells, proteins, lipase, amylase, lipides and cholesterol. A direct relationship was found to exist between the pancreatic encephalopahy condition and an increase in CSF-lipase. The electroencephalographic changes were nonspecific. The encephalopathy did not affect the course of the pancreatitis condition, and showed no relationship to type of treatment involved. The severity of the pancreatitis was not related to the presence or absence of encephalopathy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Adsorption of tryptophan metabolites from physiological fluids on XAD-2 and determination by single ion monitoring.

Endogenous tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, indoleacetic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic and tryptophan have been recovered from urine and cerebro-spinal fluid by adsorption on XAD-2 resin (0.3 g). After adsorption of the sample on the resin, desorption with methanol provides a single fraction that contains all of these metabolites. The mass spectra of their pentafluoropropionyl derivatives show prominent ions at m/e 276 and 438 which are characteristic of indoles and 5-hydroxyindoles, respectively, a feature that allows the concurrent determination of all the components of each group by functional group analysis. A method has been developed to carry out single ion monitoring with the peak matching system of an Hitachi RMU-6H mass spectrometer. Identifications are based on the respective Kovats Indices and single ion monitoring of two characteristic ions per compound: tryptophan (m/e 276 and 347); tryptamine (m/e 276 and 289); indoleacetic acid (m/e 276 and 335); 5-hydroxytryptamine (m/e 438 and 451); 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (m/e 438 and 497). The method described illustrates the feasibility of assaying biogenic indoleamines and acidic metabolites, as well as their precursor amino acid on a single fraction in contrast to other standard fractionation methods. This is possible even if the mass spectrometer is not equipped with an alternating voltage accelerator provided that it has a peak matcher, although the lack of an alternating voltage accelerator requires two separate injections of the same sample, for quantification and identification; one for the indole profile and another for the 5-hydroxyindole profile. Both profiles can be verified by individual monitoring of the other confirmatory ions. With this method the use of a multiple ion detector would allow a simultaneous determination of all of these metabolites in one gas chromatograph mass spectrometer run.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1976

Sustained release procainamide in patients with myocardial infarction.

Sustained release procainamide tablets were administered to 34 patients 48 hours after the onset of an acute myocardial infarct. Therapeutic blood levels of procainamide in the range of 4 to 8 mug/ml were consistently achieved using an 8-hourly maintenance dose of 1.5g after an initial loading dose of 2g. In contrast conventional procainamide capsules administered to 21 comparable patients repeatedly failed to produce plasma concentrations in the therapeutic range, despite the administration of a maintenance dose of 375 mg 3 hourly, after a loading dose of 1g. It is suggested that when the oral administration of procainamide is indicated for the management of ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction, a sustained release preparation should be used.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin in therapy of chloramphenicol-resistant and chloramphenicol-sensitive typhoid fever.

The efficacy of orally administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was compared with that of oral amoxicillin in therapy of typhoid fever due to both epidemic chloramphenicol-resistant and endemic chloramphenicol-sensitive Salmonella typhi. Both drug regimens were effective and of comparable value in treatment of chloramphenicol-resistant infections, as measured by duration of fever (124 hr and 115 hr, respectively) and duration of bacteremia (1.0 and 0.4 days, respectively). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy of infections due to chloramphenicol-sensitive S. typhi resulted in more rapid lysis of fever than did amoxicillin therapy. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were not synergistic in vitro against the chloramphenicol-resistant strain of S. typhi, and the role of sulfamethoxazole in treatment of such infections appears to be minimal. Oral administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is effective therapy of chloramphenicol-resistant, and probably of ampicillin-amoxicillin-resistant, typhoid fever.

Adolescent↗