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Biomedical subjects

E Martin

Publications and source records attributed to E Martin.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Carcinoembryonic antigen in cerebrospinal fluid of adult brain-tumor patients.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was measured in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with neoplasms and non-neoplastic neurologic conditions of the central nervous system (CNS). Seventy-two control patients had a mean CEAcsf of 0.04 ng/cu cm, 31 patients with benign tumors had a mean CEAcsf of 0.03 ng/cu cm, and 21 patients with malignant CNS tumors had mean CEAcsf of 21.7 ng/cu cm. In the absence of intradural metastasis, the existence of non-CNS malignancies did not cause CEA to appear in the CSF. There was no relationship between the plasma and CSF levels of CEA. The CSF is normally free of CEA, and its detection is strongly suggestive of either primary or secondary intradural malignancy. The titres of CEA decline with effective therapy, and may be of use in monitoring treated patients for recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Tumor incidence and development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in two breeding lines of the NZB mouse strain that differ in chromosome breakage.

Increased chromosome breakage observed in NZB mice was studied. Breeding experiments with mice selected according to breakage frequencies provided evidence that the proportion of mice with high breakage (HB) and low breakage (LB) figures in the progeny depends on the phenotype of the parents. Selective breeding for the "chromosome breakage" characteristic was successful and resulted in the separation of a breeding line with LB incidence. However, the selection could not be continued beyond the fourth generation for the mice with HB incidence because of lethal factors. Comparative studies of HB mice from the HB line and LB mice from the LB line showed significant differences for tumor incidence and positivity of the Coombs' test.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

[Indirect and direct indicators of pulp repair of human homografts. Preliminary studies of histoclinical correlation (author's transl)].

A clinical experimental study involving human grafts (heterochronic and heterogenic homografts) was carried out after different techniques (isolation, preservation, decontamination, freezing-thawing cycles of grafts). Surgical application then the clinical and radiological course were followed up over a period of up to 4 years. Some pulp specimens were examined histologically. Clinical, radiological and histological correlation was envisaged in order to offer hypotheses, in particular immunological, with regard to the course of the process.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1980

[Hemodynamics and myocardial O2 consumption at induction of anesthesia (author's transl)].

The hemodynamics and the myocardial oxygen consumption during sleep and induction of anesthesia was studied in 10 patients with good left heart function (group I) and in 8 patients with bad left function (group II). Anesthesia was induced with diazepam (0.1 mg/kg BW), fentanyl (0.01 mg/kg BW), etomidate (0.2 mg/kg BW), and pancuronium (0.1 mg/kg BW). Four min after induction under ventilation with mask the cardiac index (CI) in both groups and the whole body oxygen consumption (VO2) diminished in exact the same degree. After intubation in patients of group I the CI and the VO2 decreased further, the arterio-venous oxygen content difference (avDO2) remained constant. In patients of group II the CI decreased to 0.9 1/min x m2, the avDO2 increased to 9.9 Vol%.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1980

[Hemodynamic response to surgery of infrarenal aortic aneurysm (author's transl)].

Hemodynamic changes after aortic cross-clamping were measured during operation of 11 patients suffering from infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Systemic vascular resistance, mean arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are increased, while cardiac index is significantly decreased. Heart rate and right atrial pressure remain nearly unchanged. The elevations in systemic vascular resistance, mean arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure are reversed by continuous nitroglycerin infusion, cardiac index is increased. It is concluded that a meticulous hemodynamic monitoring is very important in operations including abdominal aortic cross-clamping in order to prevent imminent cardiac complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Antihypertensive therapy with diazoxide during anaesthesia (author's transl)].

The haemodynamic effects of antihypertensive therapy with diazoxide were studied during anaesthesia in 14 patients. Mean arterial pressure decreased after diazoxide from 135 -/+ 14 mm Hg to 98 -/+ 9 mm Hg (p < 0.01) and did not increase within 30 minutes of observation. Cardiac-index increased 23% (p < 0.01) and the heart rate 14%. These parameters reached control values after 30 min of observation. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure showed no significant variations. The results confirm that diazoxide is an effective antihypertensive drug. the authors conclude that the use of diazoxide is indicated in the perioperative period, when the patient is not under close and invasive observation.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1979

Respiratory viruses in hospital patients on the Witwatersrand. A 7-year study.

Virological investigations were carried out on 4 151 patients with respiratory disease hospitalized between May 1966 and April 1972. The groups examined were Black and White children and Black miners. Influenza viruses were more common among malnourished Black children and tended to cause more severe disease. This was also true of adenovirus and Herpesvirus hominis type 1 infections. Adenoviruses appear to be secondary invaders, frequently after a measles or influenza attack. A generalized epidemic of adenovirus type 7 occurred in 1967, the longest, coldest and most humid winter during the survey. The season of peak occurrence for respiratory syncytial (RS) virus is autumn, not winter as found elsewhere. The parainfluenza viruses differ from each other, types 1 and 2 being commoner in older children (12--48 months), mainly causing laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), whereas type 3 is commoner in younger children (0--23 months), mainly causing pneumonia. The miners showed a preponderance of influenza A infections. The miners' origin from remote villages and high turnover rate create a situation where a given strain will persist at a moderate level for long periods, unlike in the general population where an outbreak lasts for only about 6--8 weeks. As opposed to other closed communities, adenovirus infections were rare. The reason for this is obscure.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1979

Fusion of disubstituted benzenes.

The entropy of fusion of 84 disubstituted benzenes was essentially constant and independent of the participation of the compounds in intramolecular or intermolecular hydrogen bonding. It was also independent of the shapes, sizes, and dipole moments of the rigid molecules studied. While the entropy of fusion was independent of these parameters, the melting point and the heat of fusion showed a direct dependence on molecular properties.

Benzene Derivatives↗
PubMed1979

[Health-related effects of repetitive activities].

Two hundred workers of the Swiss watch industry were examined in a study of repetitive work effects on the well-being of workers. Repetitive work has shown to have two main influences on well-being: Relationships were found between subjective assessment of variety and autonomy, job satisfaction, psychosomatic complaints and headache. Repetitive work was always done under some positional constraint. This was shown to result in an increased rate of "arm, neck, shoulder syndrome" and visual problems.

Arm↗
PubMed1979

Respiratory chain components of Leishmania tropica promastigotes.

Crude preparations of kinetoplast vesicles were used to investigate the respiratory chain components in Leishmania tropica promastigotes. In difference spectra from enzymically and chemically reduced preparations, cytochrome b was the predominant component. By utilizing special assays designed to minimize the influence of cytochrome b on difference spectra, cytochromes a, a3 and c555 were demonstrated. Difference spectra from chemically reduced preparations indicated that pyridine nucleotides (NADH) and flavoproteins were also part of the respiratory chain. The presence of these components as well as their response to respiratory inhibitors and ascorbate provide evidence for the presence of a typical trypanosomatid respiratory chain in L. tropica promastigotes.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A structural basis for four distinct elution profiles on concanavalin A--Sepharose affinity chromatography of glycopeptides.

Twelve 14C-acetylated glycopeptides have been subjected to affinity chromatography on concanvalin A (Con A)--Sepharose at pH 7.5. The elution profiles could be classified into four distinct patterns. The first pattern showed no retardation of glycopeptide on the column and was elicited with a glycopeptide having three peripheral oligosaccharide chains: (abstract:see text). Such glycopeptides have only a single mannose residue capable of interacting with Con A--Sepharose; an interacting mannose residue is either an alpha-linked nonreducing terminal residue or an alpha-linked 2-O-substituted residue. The second type of profile showed a retarded elution of glycopeptide with buffer lacking methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (indicative of weak interaction with the column) and was given by glycopeptides with the structures: (abstract: see text) where R1 is either H or a sialyl residue. The third profile type showed tight binding of glycopeptide to Con A--Sepharose and elution as a sharp peak with 0.1 M methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside; glycopeptides giving this pattern had the structures: (abstract: see text) where R2 is either H, glcNAc, Gal-beta 1,4-GlcNAc, or sialyl-Gal-beta 1,4-GlcNAc. These glycopeptides all have two interacting mannose residues, the mimimum required for binding to the column; one of these mannose residues must, however, be a terminal residue to obtain tight binding and sharp elution. The fourth profile type showed tight binding of glycopeptide to the column but elution with 0.1 M methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside resulted in a broad peak indicating very tight binding; glycopeptides showing this behaviour had the structures: (abstract: see text) where R3 is either GlcNAc,Gal-beta 1,4-GlcNAc, or sialyl-Gal-beta 1,4-GlcNAc. Therefore it can be concluded that although a minimum of two interacting mannose residues is required for binding to Con A--Sepharose, the residues linked to these mannoses can either strengthen or weaken binding to the column.

Carbohydrates↗