Biomedical subjects

E Marchand

Publications and source records attributed to E Marchand.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of plasma glucose and plasma free insulin during CSII and intensified conventional insulin therapy.

The plasma glucose and plasma free insulin profiles of six totally insulin-dependent diabetic patients were compared during periods of 4 days in hospital under a conventional insulin therapy (ICIT) comprising 4 daily injections of regular insulin and under continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Two profiles of prandial insulin administration with CSII were compared: a rectangular (R) and an exponential wave (E) in which 50% of the dose was given rapidly followed by an exponential decrease. In both cases, the basal infusion rate was increased by 30-50% between 5 a.m. and 8 a.m. Mean circadian blood glucose was equally good with ICIT: R and E: 7.0 +/- 0.9, 7.3 +/- 1.0, and 7.1 +/- 1.0 mmol/L, respectively. In five patients, fasting plasma glucose was higher with ICIT than with R and E (12.7 +/- 1.8 versus 6.9 +/- 1.0 and 6.8 +/- 0.8 mmol/L, respectively; t test: P less than 0.05; Wilcoxon: P = 0.06). Mean plasma free insulin level was significantly higher (t test: P less than 0.005; Wilcoxon: P less than 0.05) with ICIT (0.46 +/- 0.04 nmol/L) than with R (0.37 +/- 0.04 nmol/L) or E (0.36 +/- 0.05 nmol/L), although the daily doses were similar. In conclusion, CSII leads to a better glycemic control than ICIT, since it appears to prevent the morning rise of blood glucose.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine in the young adult: unusual diagnostic approach].

The authors report the case of a 40-year-old woman with fever and diarrhoea in whom a tumour of the small intestine was discovered by computerized tomography (CT), the barium meal being not contributory. Transcutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsies under CT guiding revealed a grade II leiomyosarcoma. Twenty months after radical resection, the patient is alive and asymptomatic. The authors review the literature about the histological grading and the immunocytochemical characteristics of leiomyosarcoma, its treatment and prognosis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Electrophysiologic effects of intravenous diltiazem in patients with recurrent supraventricular tachycardias.

The electrophysiologic effects of intravenous diltiazem were evaluated in 10 patients with recurrent supraventricular tachycardias. The tachycardia incorporated an accessory pathway in 7 patients and was due to AV nodal reentry in 3 patients. Diltiazem 0.25 mg/kg was administered intravenously over 5 minutes during sustained supraventricular tachycardia. Programmed electrical stimulation was used to restore sinus rhythm if diltiazem failed to terminate the arrhythmia within 10 minutes. Conduction intervals, refractory periods and tachycardia characteristics were evaluated before and immediately after drug administration. Diltiazem did not significantly modify sinus cycle length, AH and HV intervals. Atrial and ventricular effective refractory periods were similar before and after diltiazem. The effective refractory period of the AV node was prolonged by 42 msec after diltiazem (p less than 0.05). Diltiazem increased the tachycardia cycle length from 320 +/- 41 to 353 +/- 36 msec (p less than 0.01) but terminated the arrhythmia in only 2 patients. After diltiazem, supraventricular tachycardia could not be reinitiated in only 2 patients and the tachycardia initiating window was not significantly reduced (56 +/- 26 to 41 +/- 33 msec). The infusion of diltiazem was accomplished without side effects. Thus, 0.25 mg/kg of intravenous diltiazem produces a modest depression of AV nodal function and is not very effective in terminating supraventricular tachycardia or preventing its initiation in this study population. Further studies using higher doses of intravenous diltiazem would be useful to determine its maximal therapeutic benefit in patients with recurrent supraventricular tachycardias.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A colorimetric method for the evaluation of phagocytosis by mouse peritoneal macrophages (author's transl)].

In this study, a technique for the evaluation of circulating leukocyte phagocytosis has been adapted to mouse peritoneal macrophages. This quantitative determination was performed by the spectrophotometric measurement of the reduced nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) fixed on bacteria or latex spherules. Capacity of phagocytosis was thus correlated with the intensity of the NBT intracellular reduction by macrophages. This method is technically simple and requires no expensive materials. The phagocytosis of latex did not significantly differ, neither in the presence of autologous or heterologous serum (X +/- G = 0.100 +/- 0.014/2.5 X 10(6) cells) nor in the absence of serum (X +/- G = 0.088 +/- 0.007/2.5 X 10(6) cells). The use of macrophages suspended in the culture medium highly decreased the phagocytic activity (X +/- G = 0.021 +/- 0.002/2.5 X 10(6) cells) and confirmed thus the role played by the support in endocytosis. A specific antiserum weakly enhanced the phagocytic process for Escherichia coli. The mean values with and without serum were 0.065 +/- 0.005/2.5 X 10(6) cells and 0.050 +/- 0.005, respectively. Heating of the serum (56 degrees C, 30 min) and inhibition of both complement activation pathways by EDTA showed that complement plays the major role in this weak enhancement of bacterial phagocytosis by peritoneal mouse macrophages. Bacterial phagocytic stimulation of macrophages was not induced by addition of CA+++ or Mg++ into the culture medium.

Animals↗