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Biomedical subjects

E Magnusson

Publications and source records attributed to E Magnusson.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Language problems in poor readers.

In recent definitions of dyslexia there is agreement on the following: dyslexia is a language (-based) disorder restricted to difficulties in phonological processing abilities. This causes primary problems in word decoding and spelling, and, as a consequence, also in reading comprehension. This is in accordance with the widely accepted reading model, which regards decoding as a prerequisite for reading comprehension. In this paper, we will discuss the relevance of these definitions, and the reading model they are based on, using data from a longitudinal study of readers who were diagnosed as being language-impaired when they were pre-schoolers. This group will be compared with a control group having no history of language impairments and also with groups of adolescent and adult dyslexics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Reading and writing development: report from an ongoing longitudinal study of language-disordered and normal groups from pre-school to adolescence.

This interim report provides information on an ongoing longitudinal study of 115 subjects, 78 language-disordered children and 39 children with no known language disorders as a control group. This follow-up study reports on a subgroup of the original subjects, 90 adolescents who completed a questionnaire, and 48 of the 90 who have been administered a full test battery compiled by the authors. Ongoing analyses indicate that early language problems are slow to resolve, persisting in one linguistic form or another in these adolescents who are now age 18 and about to leave school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Identification and characterization of genomic nucleosome-positioning sequences.

Positioned nucleosomes are believed to play important roles in transcriptional regulation and for the organization of chromatin in cell nuclei. Here, we have isolated the DNA segments in the mouse genome that form the most stable nucleosomes yet characterized. In separate molecules we find phased runs of three to four adenine nucleotides, extensive CA repeats, and in a few cases phased TATA tetranucleotides. The latter forms the most stable nucleosome yet characterized. One sequence with CAG repeats was also found. By fluorescence in situ hydridization the selected sequences are shown to be localized at the centromeric regions of mouse metaphase chromosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacy in Iceland.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the practice of pharmacy in Iceland. DATA SOURCES: Human resources were the primary sources of data for this publication. Personal observation by Cleary is the basis of this publication. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data on areas related to Icelandic history, practice of pharmacy, Icelandic health system, and the European Economic Community and Education were obtained through interviews. Information is presented to give an appreciation of pharmacy practice in a Nordic country. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacy education and practice is progressive and flourishing in Iceland's National Health Service. Clinical pharmacy services are in their infancy; however, the potential for growth is immense. The Fulbright experience was educational and beneficial for all parties involved.

Education, Pharmacy↗
PubMed1979

Physiological response patterns during "intake" and "rejection" tasks.

Two 2-min tasks, one requiring outer-directed attention (intake task), the other a mental arithmetic task (rejection task) were presented to 20 subjects. According to Lacey the distinguishing feature of the response to intake tasks are cardiac deceleration and blood pressure decreases. None of these responses was obtained. Some variables, however, were only affected by one of the tasks; the intake task led to a decreased hand (skin) blood flow and an increased hand vascular resistance, whereas a heart rate acceleration and increased forearm (muscle) blood flow and decreased forearm vascular resistance were observed during the rejection task. Blood pressure, respiration rate and skin conductance were similarly affected by the two tasks. Inconsistencies among previous studies of the response to the two types of tasks were discussed and found to be partially explained by methodological differences.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effects of controlled muscle tension on performance and learning of heart-rate control.

Thirty female subjects were divided in three groups and instructed in group I to increase their HRs with the aid of continuous feedback of performance, while they tensed their right forearm muscles 20% of maximal voluntary contraction. In the last session only feedback was used, Group II were trained with feedback only. Group III for the first two sessions tensed their muscles only, and in the last session trained HR increases with feedback only. Group I was superior in HR performance in the first two sessions. In the third session they deteriorated significantly and could not be distinguished from the other two groups. The results were interpreted in terms of relations between somatic and autonomic events and transfer between different states of somatic involvement during learning. Electrodermal activity and respiration were included as control variables.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heart rate control and aversive stimulation.

College students were required to train heart rate control (heart rate increase and decrease) with visual feedback for three sessions in a within-person design. In the second and third sessions a test period was added when electric shocks were delivered during half in the trials. Subjects had been grouped in advance in an Aware and an Unaware group on the basis of the Automatic Perception Questionnaire (APQ). The results contradicted some findings by other authors which claim that biofeedback can be used to ameliorate subjective effects of aversive stimulation. Alternative interpretations of the discrepant findings were discussed in terms of expectancy effects that may influence autonomically Aware subjects more strongly than Unaware subjects.

Adult↗