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Biomedical subjects

E M Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to E M Wilson.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Hemispheric specialization in normal man studied by bilateral measurements of the regional cerebral blood flow. A study with the 133-Xe inhalation technique.

Changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during mental activation have so far only been studied unilaterally by means of the intracarotid 133Xe injection technique. In the present study bilateral rCBF measurements were made by the 133Xe inhalation technique during mental activities supposed to engage the hemispheres selectively. The study was carried out on 24 normal right-handed male volunteers by the short 133Xe inhalation method. Fourteen scintilation detectors were placed in parallel overcorresponding regions of the two hemispheres. Four rCBF measurements were made on each subject during three randomized conditions: (1) Rest (two studies); (2) Verbal test (Miller Analogy Test), and (3) Spatial test (Street). The recordings were separated by at least one hour to avoid contamination from previous measurement. The answers to the problems were given either by raising the fingers of the left hand (Verbal test) or after the study (Spatial test). In order to investigate the effects of increased motivation 12 of the subjects were promised an extra money reward in addition to the basic payment, if they performed above a certain level on the tests. Small but statistically significant differences between the average hemisphere flows were recorded during the two tests. In the highest motivated (paid) group the verbal test increased the flow in the left hemisphere by 16 per cent while the right-sided increase was significantly smaller, 13 per cent (P less than 0-001). The corresponding figures for the spatial test were: left 7 per cent, right 10 per cent (P less than 0-01). The same tendencies were seen in the less motivated group although the hemisphere differences were smaller and statistically not significant. Analysis of the regional results showed that the largest interhemispheric differences (about 5 per cent) were seen in occipital and parietal regions during the verbal test and in frontal and parietal regions during the spatial test. It is concluded that bilateral measurements of rCBF can be used with advantage in the study of lateralization of mental functions in the human brain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1969

Weight-reducing effect of diguanides in obese non-diabetic women.

A double-blind trial was carried out to assess the weight-reducing effect of the diguanides in 90 women with refractory obesity and normal oral glucose tolerance. The daily dosage of phenformin and metformin was increased at weekly intervals up to 300 mg. and 3 g. respectively, and patients were maintained at this dose or on the maximum they could tolerate without anorexia or other gastrointestinal side-effects. Seventy-seven completed the 16-week period of study. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean weight change of the control and the treated groups, but no difference between those treated by phenformin or metformin. The weight-losing influence of the diguanides appeared to be no longer significant after the twelfth week of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

EMS Agenda for the Future: where we are...where we want to be.

During the past 30 years, emergency medical services (EMS) in the United States have experienced explosive growth. The American health care system is now transforming, providing an opportune time to examine what we have learned over the past three decades in order to create a vision for the future of EMS. Over the course of several months, a multidisciplinary steering committee collaborated with hundreds of EMS-interested individuals, organizations, and agencies to develop the EMS Agenda for the Future. Fourteen EMS attributes were identified as requiring continued development in order to realize the vision established within the Agenda. They are integration of health services, EMS research, legislation and regulation, system finance, human resources, medical direction, education systems, public education, prevention, public access, communication systems, clinical care, information systems, and evaluation. Discussion of these attributes provides important guidance for achieving a vision for the future of EMS that emphasizes its critical role in American health care.

Delivery of Health Care, Integrated↗