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Biomedical subjects

E M Symonds

Publications and source records attributed to E M Symonds.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Comparison of the alpha and beta blocking drug, labetalol, and methyl dopa in the treatment of moderate and severe pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Twentysix women with pregnancy-induced hypertension have been randomly treated with either labetalol or Aldomet. A more satisfactory control of blood pressure was obtained with labetalol with minimal side-effects. After two weeks of treatment with labetalol renal function had significantly improved with a markedly lower incidence of proteinuria. More patients went into spontaneous labour following labetalol than following Aldomet; the Bishop score was also higher in this group. No adverse effects attributable to labetalol were noted in the baby either ante- or post-natally.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Self-monitoring of blood glucose in diabetic pregnancy.

Admission to hospital is usually recommended to achieve the best possible diabetic control during pregnancy. We have used blood glucose monitoring at home to find out if patients can achieve equally good control outside hospital. Twenty-five consecutive diabetic patients were studied, of whom 20 had taken insulin before pregnancy. Six of their 14 previous pregnancies had ended in perinatal death. The 25 women performed 4247 blood glucose measurements during their pregnancies. Overall the mean blood glucose concentration was 7.1 mmol/l (128 mg/100 ml); before meals the mean was 6.5 mmol/l (117 mg/100 ml). Mean concentrations were lower in the third trimester, but at no stage was control in hospital significantly better than at home. The mean hospital stay before delivery was 22 days, and all patients had live babies. Monitoring blood glucose concentrations at home produces greater understanding and motivation among patients, improves control early in pregnancy, and shortens time spent in hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of premenstrual syndrome by spironolactone.

Spironlactone was given to 28 women in a double blind cross over trial during four menstrual cycles. Hormonal profiles were measured during the first two cycles. Plasma aldosterone was elevated in the premenstrual phase of the cycles but there was no significant difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The rise in serum progesterone was higher in the symptomatic group during the postovulatory phase. The administration of spironolactone reduced weight and relieved psychological symptoms in more than 80 per cent of the symptomatic group.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1979

Sequential changes in the human renin-angiotensin system following therapeutic termination of pregnancy.

Plasma renin and angiotensin II levels were measured in nine patients immediately before and at half-hourly intervals in the four hours following therapeutic termination of pregnancy. There was a small fall in renin and angiotensin II levels over the first 1 to 2 hours, followed by a slight increase. The magnitude of these effects was much smaller than those previously seen following normal delivery. It is concluded that in early pregnancy maternal, rather than feto-placental, factors are controlling the renin-angiotensin system.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1978

Pregnancy hypertension, parity, and the renin-angiotensin system.

Factors which influence levels of plasma AII in late pregnancy have been studied in 50 primigravidas and 53 multigravidas. A highly significant relationship has been shown between diastolic blood pressure and plasma AII (r = 0.4190 p less than 0.005) in primigravidas but not in multigravidas (r = 0.205; p less than 0.3). Multiple regression analysis and analysis of covariance have been applied to a series of independent variables with plasma AII as the dependent variable. The single most important variable related to AII levels in primigravidas was diastolic blood pressure whereas in multigravidas it was proteinuria. Rhesus blood group was shown to have a significant effect in both parity groups, Rh-negative primigravid women exhibiting higher values of AII.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sequential changes in the human renin-angiotensin system following delivery.

Plasma renin activity and concentration and angiotensin II concentration have been measured serially in six normotensive primigravidae and in four mildly hypertensive patients in the four immediately following normal delivery. In normotensive patients, both renin and angiotensin II levels fell sharply over the first two hours to levels within the non-pregnant range, with a subsequent rise to levels, similar to those found in late pregnancy. Changes in the mildly hypertensive patients were smaller, and somewhat slower. It is suggested that the initial fall represents clearance of a renin of fetoplacental origin and that the subsequent rise may be a release from feedback suppression of renal renin synthesis.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1978

Increased renin concentration in plasma and amniotic fluid during storage.

Renin concentration was determined in plasma and amniotic fluid samples immediately after collection, after storage at -18 degrees C for up to 48 h, and after storage at 5 degrees C for as long as 48 h. Renin concentration increased, both in plasma (p less than 0.05) and amniotic fluid (P less than 0.02), after the storage at 5 degrees C, but no significant alteration occurred on storage at -18 degrees C. Partial activation of inactive renin could explain the observed increase in renin concentration at 5 degrees C.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Factors affecting angiotensin II concentrations in the human infant at birth.

1. A radioimmunoassay for the measurement of angiotensin II in 1 ml of plasma has been developed and used to measure angiotensin II in maternal peripheral, cord venous and cord arterial blood in 45 patients at delivery. 2. In babies delivered vaginally, cord venous and cord arterial concentrations of angiotensin II were significantly higher than maternal venous blood concentrations. There was a significant relationship between both cord venous and cord arterial concentrations and maternal concentrations of angiotensin II. 3. Cord venous concentrations of angiotensin II were significantly greater than those in cord arterial blood in babies delivered vaginally but not in those delivered by lower-segment Caesarean section. This suggests the possibility that, during labour, the placenta may contribute to foetal concentrations of angiotensin II. 4. Maternal and cord venous concentrations of angiotensin II were significantly higher in patients with hypertensive disease of pregnancy than in those who had remained normotensive throughout pregnancy. 5. Cord venous concentrations of angiotensin II increased significantly with increasing duration of the second stage of labour.

Angiotensin II↗