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Biomedical subjects

E M Pogliani

Publications and source records attributed to E M Pogliani.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Bleeding time and antiplatelet agents in normal volunteers.

Clinical trials have shown that antiplatelet agents are effective in the prevention of thrombosis in arterial diseases and increase bleeding time. To compare the effects of three such drugs [acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) at two dose levels, ticlopidine and indobufen] on bleeding time, we performed a randomized cross-over study on 12 normal subjects. All received the four treatments (ASA 300 mg daily and 500 mg twice daily, ticlopidine 250 mg twice daily and indobufen 200 mg twice daily, each for 6 days plus one dose on day 7) in a sequential manner with a washout period of 15 days between the treatments. Bleeding time was measured using a Surgicut device (Ortho, Milan, Italy) before treatment, 2 and 24 h after the first administration, and before and 2, 24, 48 and 72 h after the last administration. ASA (at both doses) and indobufen quickly induced a significant prolongation of bleeding time, but the effect of indobufen soon wore off after the treatment was stopped, unlike that of ASA. In contrast, ticlopidine treatment prolonged bleeding time only after the first 24 h, and after 7 days the mean value was significantly higher than with ASA (both doses) and indobufen. This significant difference in bleeding time between ticlopidine and the other drugs was still present 48 h after the end of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Increased susceptibility to lymphokine activated killer (LAK) lysis of relapsing vs. newly diagnosed acute leukemic cells without changes in drug resistance or in the expression of adhesion molecules.

The NK and LAK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of leukemic patients as well as the susceptibility of their acute myeloid (AML) and lymphoblastic (ALL) leukemia cells to autologous and allogeneic LAKs were examined. In addition, neoplastic cells at diagnosis and at relapse were compared in the same patients for several features, including in vitro susceptibility to LAKs and to the drugs used in the induction phase, expression of MDR phenotype and of adhesion molecules, and differentiation markers. The NK activity of patients' LAK cells on K562 was significantly lower than that of a group of healthy donors whereas no differences were found in LAK activity as evaluated on Daudi cells. Three of 5 AML and 3 of 4 ALL were significantly more susceptible to autologous and allogeneic LAK lysis when blasts obtained at relapse were compared with leukemic cells of the same patients at diagnosis. This different lysability was not associated with in vitro modified sensitivity to drugs used in induction treatment. Moreover, no elevation in the expression of the multidrug-resistance (MDR)-related P170 glycoprotein was noted in relapsing leukemic cells. Even the expression of adhesion molecules and differentiation markers did not correlate with lysability of leukemic cells. These data demonstrate that relapsing leukemic blasts can be significantly lysed by LAK cells and suggest a rationale for adoptive immunotherapy with IL-2 and LAK cells in the treatment of acute leukemic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the elderly. Prognostic factors and outcome.

The initial features and prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the elderly have been variously evaluated in literature. We have examined 190 patients with NHL: most of them received induction therapies containing vincristine, cyclophosphamide and/or anthracyclines (CVP, CHOP, CEOP); age at diagnosis was over 65 for 62 of them (32.63%). Elderly patients had a lower rate of complete remissions, a shorter duration of complete remissions and, consequently, a poorer overall survival. In our patients, prognosis was related also with stage, histology (according to Working Formulation, WF) and performance status at the diagnosis. Elderly patient had not a significantly increased incidence of these unfavourable prognostic factors at the onset. However, patients aged 65 or more received lower doses of drugs during induction therapy (cyclophosphamide: 81%; vincristine: 73%; anthracyclines: 22% of patients under 55). Patients aged 55-65 had induction therapies of intermediate intensity; also proportion of complete remissions and survival were intermediate between the two other groups. Haematological toxicity appeared the most important cause of these reductions: in fact nadirs of neutrophils and platelets during induction therapy were similar in the 3 groups in spite of the different intensity of treatment. Even if statistical correlations are not possible, the incidence of infections has been higher in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Physiology of fibrinolysis and thrombolytic agents].

We briefly summarize the physiology of fibrinolysis, with particular regard to structure and function of its most important activators, zymogens, enzymes, inhibitors and co-factors. Thrombolytic drug action, the dose commonly used and the main clinical indications, as reported in the literature, are described.

Fibrinolysis↗
PubMed1990

Surgery and chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We have retrospectively examined 35 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with gastric involvement at the onset. All patients have completed induction therapy at the time of this report. Histologic specimens have been classified according to the Working Formulation. Patients have undergone surgery and/or chemotherapy. Twenty out of 22 patients with stage I or II disease had surgery. Seventeen out of 20 gastrectomized patients achieved complete remission (11 with stage I and 6 with stage II): Fifteen of these are in their first complete remission with median follow-up of 24 months (range 8-68). Three patients with stage IV had surgery, two of which achieved CR. These data confirm that combined therapy is useful in gastric NHL presenting with stage I and II; no conclusions can be drawn regarding disseminated disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: staging and therapy].

Some problems of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are examined, with special consideration for those related to treatment. Some questions of staging are also considered, together with some particular presentations, such as bulky diseases, central nervous system localizations, lymphoblastic lymphoma. The unique features of this disease in immunocompromised patients and problems related to the growing numbers of older patients eligible for curative treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cyclosporin A in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia: description of a case complicated by the development of tubercular pericarditis during treatment.

We report on a 62 year-old woman who developed a severe aplastic anemia requiring frequent packed red cell and platelet transfusions. Since conventional pharmacological therapy was ineffective, treatment with Cyclosporin A was started, resulting in a significant increase of leukocyte, platelet, and red cell counts. However, 5 months after the beginning of Cyclosporin A treatment, despite a past medical history not significant for clinical tuberculosis, the patient developed tubercular pericarditis. This report underlines the need for a careful follow-up of Cyclosporin A-treated patients aimed at a prompt diagnosis of possible infectious complications.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1989

Platelet dysfunction in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.

Platelet function profiles were studied in 3 patients with megakaryoblastic leukemia. All patients had a moderate decrease in platelet counts with abnormal platelet retention. One patient who developed hemorrhagic diathesis had prolonged bleeding time. In all patients platelet aggregation was defective after the addition of ADP, collagen, adrenaline, or U46619, a thromboxane A2 agonist. Malondialdehyde was reduced in all patients, as was platelet serotonin. Plasma beta-thromboglobulin levels were normal in all cases whereas PF4 was markedly elevated in one. Platelet dysfunction was not reversed by clinical remission. These studies confirm that megakaryoblastic leukemia is associated with a thrombocytopathy which may play a role in hemorrhagic diathesis and should be taken into account in the management of these patients.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1989

[Recent findings on the role of oncogenes in neoplasms].

Oncogenes are one of the most important structures in tumor pathogenesis. Both extracellular (growth factors, membrane receptors, tyrosine kinase) and intracellular (phospholipids and nuclear phosphoproteins) signals are involved in cell proliferation. New data are becoming available that will allow a better understanding of tumor etiology.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Oncogenes and malignant hemopathies].

In the last ten years molecular biology has defined the role of oncogenes in the pathogenesis of malignant blood diseases. Included among these are: chronic myelogenous leukemia, with abl oncogene; Burkitt's lymphoma, where myc oncogene is translocated from chromosome 8 to chromosomes 2, 14 or 22 near immunoglobulin genes; some acute myelogenous leukemias; myelodysplastic syndromes with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1988

CNS metastasis in ovarian cancer with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia associated with diffuse intravascular coagulation.

We present the case of a woman affected by ovarian cancer metastatic to multiple lymph node and the CNS. She was affected by hemorrhagic diathesis with microangiopathic alterations, whereas coagulopathy developed only after some days in coincidence with disease worsening. Our patient is probably one of those in which cancer leads to microangiopathy and coagulopathy by means of a tissue factor-like activity, a common event in mucin secretory tumors. Fibrinolytic activity was also increased in our patient as in others of the same type. The main aspect of this case report is metastasis to the CNS and to other multiple sites, which is quite uncommon in such cancers. We retain that tumor procoagulant activity could have played a role in this phenomenon.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1987

Failure of platelet markers to evaluate membrane biocompatibility during a combined hemodialysis-hemoperfusion treatment.

Plasma levels of the platelet markers beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are among the most sophisticated indexes of biocompatibility available to evaluate new members for hemodialysis. This investigation was designed to determine the extent of platelet activation by measuring the alpha-granule release products, beta-TG and PF4; anticoagulation and thrombogenesis by monitoring plasma heparin; and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and thromboxane B2 (TX B2) levels during treatment with a combined hemodialysis-hemoperfusion system. Both in vivo and in vitro results showed that the platelet markers had a pattern different from that generally observed during treatment with hemodialysis alone. This is due to the avidity of charcoal for the markers studied, which therefore cannot be used to evaluate the biocompatibility of the system.

Biocompatible Materials↗