Biomedical subjects

E M Kaye

Publications and source records attributed to E M Kaye.

39 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Seizures in bacterial meningitis: prevalence, patterns, pathogenesis, and prognosis.

Of 207 patients with acute bacterial meningitis previously reported by Dodge and Swartz, seizures occurred in 56 (27%). Most seizures began on the first or second day, and most stopped within two days. Seizures occurred most often at the extremes of life. Age-adjusted seizure frequency was greater with Hemophilus influenzae meningitis than with Streptococcus pneumoniae or Neisseria meningitidis. When seizures complicated bacterial meningitis, age-corrected mortality increased from 24% to 38%. Though seizures after recovery were infrequent (2.7% of cases), recurrences were five times more frequent in patients who convulsed acutely than in those who did not. When focal seizures accompanied focal pathology (extracranial or intracranial), the seizures were usually not lateralized to the opposite side of the body. Of factors of potential importance in causation of seizures, fever was the most important risk factor regardless of patient age.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dysmyelinogenesis in animal model of GM1 gangliosidosis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathologic examinations, and biochemical analyses were performed on 2 different canine mutants with GM1 gangliosidosis (i.e., English Springer Spaniel and Portuguese Water Dog) and on age- and sex-matched controls. Serial MRI studies were also performed on a child with infantile-onset GM1 gangliosidosis. The affected dogs had abnormalities on MRI, including a relative increase in gray matter and an abnormal signal intensity of cerebral and cerebellar white matter observed on T2-weighted MRI. White matter changes on MRI were similar to white matter abnormalities observed in a 15-month-old boy with GM1 gangliosidosis. The weight ratio of white to gray matter from the frontal lobe was markedly reduced. Microscopic examination revealed characteristic ballooned neurons which stained lightly with Luxol-fast blue. The central cerebral and cerebellar folia white matter exhibited pallor and gliosis, while the corpus callosum and fornix stained normally with Luxol-fast blue. Axons appeared intact on Bodian staining. Ultrastructural studies revealed fewer myelinated axons in affected puppies. Total gangliosides in gray matter were elevated. Thin-layer chromatography demonstrated GM1 ganglioside as the predominant ganglioside. The amount of cerebrosides and sulfatides was reduced in the gray and white matter when compared to controls but the ratio in gray and white matter remained unchanged. Immunostaining of neutral glycolipids disclosed increased amounts of stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 glycolipid in gray matter. These findings suggest that canine models for GM1 gangliosidosis are associated with abnormal myelin development which may be similar to the human disease.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic epidural hematomas in childhood: increased recognition and non-surgical management.

Three children with chronic intracranial epidural hematomas are described. The hematomas were identified by computed tomographic scanning two to eleven days after a head injury. Two of the children were managed non-surgically over a one month period, during which time they remained stable without deteriorating consciousness or development of focal neurologic signs, and with evidence of resorption of the hematomas on follow-up scans. One child, initially clinically stable, had surgical evacuation of her clot 17 days after the injury because of a recurrence of vomiting. The children with chronic epidural hematomas managed without neurosurgical intervention were normal on subsequent neurologic examinations.

Child↗