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Biomedical subjects

E M Gross

Publications and source records attributed to E M Gross.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Spotted fever and murine typhus in the Negev desert region of Israel, 1981.

During 1981, 52 cases of rickettsiosis caused by the spotted fever group of rickettsiae were reported in a population of 250 000 living in the Negev desert region of Israel. Retrospectively, at least 5 of these cases were serologically shown to have been caused by Rickettsia typhi, the agent of murine typhus. Most cases of rickettsial disease occurred in the summer months and one half of all cases occurred in children aged 9 years or less. While the specificity of a physician's diagnosis of the rickettsial diseases appears to be high (i.e., few cases of other diseases are misdiagnosed as either spotted fever or murine typhus), the sensitivity of the physician's diagnosis may be lower (i.e., many cases of these diseases presenting as fevers of unknown origin are not diagnosed as rickettsial disease). These findings may also be important for other countries of the region.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Rickettsial antibody prevalence in southern Israel: IgG antibodies to Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia typhi, and spotted fever group rickettsiae among urban- and rural-dwelling and Bedouin women.

A retrospective serological survey was carried out using sera obtained from women at childbirth in the southern desert region of Israel to determine exposure experience to three rickettsial agents: Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia typhi, and spotted fever group rickettsiae. Using the indirect fluorescent antibody method for determining IgG antibodies, it was found that about 40% of all sera examined demonstrated antibodies to one or more rickettsiae. Bedouin women appeared to be at greater risk of having antibodies to C. burnetii and spotted fever group rickettsiae than did Jewish residents of Beersheba, agricultural settlements, and development towns. The residents of development towns appeared to be at lower risk of developing antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae than did other populations sampled. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

Animal-caused injury and rabies prophylaxis in the northern Negev region of Israel, 1978-80.

The guidelines concerning the administration of postexposure rabies prophylaxis following injuries by animals, as advised by the Ministry of Health, are reviewed. During the years 1978-80, annual rates of reported animal-caused injuries were 381/100,000 persons, and annual rates of persons started on active rabies prophylaxis were 35/100,000 in the northern Negev. As a result of these data, an effort was made to decrease the number of persons receiving rabies prophylaxes in the northern Negev district in 1981.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructural abnormalities of the carotid body in sudden infant death syndrome.

The carotid bodies of four infants who died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were compared, using electron microscopic techniques, with the carotid bodies of various control subjects. In the SIDS patients, there was a marked reduction or absence of the dense cytoplasmic granules of the carotid chemorecptor cells, as well as a reduction in cell number and size. These ultrastructural abnormalities may be pathophysiologically related to SIDS. A defect in this respiratory control organ could block normal stimulation of respiration during the periods of hypoxia that occur during episodes of sleep apnea in infancy. Further studies by electron microscopy are required to confirm degranulation of the carotid body as a pathognomonic sign of SIDS. Screening of high-risk infants should be directed at studying the carotid body and its mediated responses to hypoxia.

Carotid Body↗
PubMed1975

The Model Postmortem Examinations Act in the State of Connecticut, 1969-1974.

Five years following the 1969 passage of legislation patterned after the Model Postmortem Examinations Act, Connecticut has a central laboratory with administrative, autopsy, and toxicology facilities; 24-hour statewide reporting deaths; a records and data-processing system; and affiliation with a university health center. The state's population density, number and size of municipalities and police departments, absence of county government, and judicial appointment of coroner's were unique geographic-political features confronting implementation of the legislation. To effect a transition from the preexisting system, and because of the number of deaths reported and physicians involved, a dual system was developed for examinations and certification of deaths which differentiated autopsies performed at the central laboratory from those at community hospitals. Dissemination of procedures and forms for medicolegal autopsies conducted at community hospitals is planned in the near future. Although educational programs for graduates and law enforcement personnel have been initiated, there still exists a need for more active undergraduate and postgraduate training and a program of research and statistical reporting. Implementation of the statutes during a five-year period in which supplemental legislation and regulations were passed, changes that occurred in state administration, and budgetary restrictions mandated by economic recession has, however, resulted in the nucleus of a modern state medicolegal investigative system--a separately budgeted medical examiner's office, supervised by an independent administrative commission and located on the grounds of the University of Connecticut Health Center in Farmington.

Administrative Personnel↗