Urolithiasis in the aboriginal--a comment.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E M Bateson.
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Three cases of nerve calcification caused by leprosy (Hansen's disease) in Aboriginal patients from the Northern Territory of Australia are reported. This is a rare manifestation of the disease and is the result of direct involvement of peripheral nerves with abscess formation and is usually seen in tuberculoid or borderline types of leprosy.
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Eleven Aboriginal patients from the Northern Territory, in whom radiological examination of the abdomen demonstrated opaque masses of clay in the colon are described. This was due to the eating of white clay which is found only in streams, springs and billabongs of the coastal areas of the Territory. The habit does not appear to be a perversion of appetite, nor is it related to anaemia or pregnancy. The clay is eaten mainly for medicinal purposes or to allay hunger. The results are not always beneficial, since clay caused complications (including obstruction and perforation of the colon) in five of our 11 patients.
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Analysis of intravenous pyelograms performed in the Darwin Hospital over the five-year period, 1970-1974, showed that 9% of the examinations carried out on non-Aboriginal patients demonstrated calculi in the renal tract. Although considerably fewer pyelograms had been performed on Aboriginal patients, only one showed a calculus. The result has been shown to be highly significant and is discussed in relation to racial and other differences between the Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people of the Northern Territory.
A case of volvulus of the transverse colon in an elderly female Australian Aboriginal is reported. The rarity of the condition is stressed and the radiological features are discussed. Reference is also made to the geographical distribution of all types of volulus of the colon, and to the apparently high incidence of the condition in Aboriginal patients admitted to the Darwin Hospital.
A series of patients with total destruction of one lung by bronchiectasis and a normal contralateral lung is reported. Eight cases were West Indians of Negro race and four were Australian Aborigines. The bronchiectasis appears to be of post-infective type and is related to the poor social conditions under which the affected people live. It has also been noted in other developing countries or in under-privileged races in developed countries.