The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic renal insufficiency on absorption, distribution and elimination of D-xylose which was chosen as a "test substance". Pharmacokinetic analysis was based on eighteen D-xylose tests carried out either by the enteral or parenteral route in a randomized fashion on nine patients suffering from chronic renal insufficiency. These results were compared with those obtained in healthy volunteers. The renal clearance was simultaneously measured with the 51Cr-EDTA test. In the experimental conditions the intestinal absorption of D-xylose was not modified qualitatively (absorption rate) nor quantitatively (systemic availability). Inspite of this, the maximal concentration of the D-xylose was higher in these patients and was reached later than in healthy volunteers. This fact should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results of a D-xylose test in patients suffering from chronic renal insufficiency.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Medical sequelae of permanent abdominal ileostomy (with a special mention of postoperative neurologic complications)].

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Can antibiotic-associated diarrhea be prevented?].

Post-antibiotic diarrhea is common but rarely serious. The chief cause is changes in the normal intestinal flora. Decrease in the number of bacteria leads to maldigestion of carbohydrates, resulting in osmotic diarrhea. Disappearance of the flora encourages the emergence of resistant strains, e.g. Clostridium difficile. General measures concern the prescription of antibiotics and the use of probiotics. The latter restore and replace the normal flora and prevent more than half of all cases of diarrhea, in particular serious forms and pseudo-membranous colitis. Antibiotics are not accompanied by any complication in 80% of instances. Probiotics should be used in high risk patients: elderly, seriously ill or hospitalised for long periods.

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