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Biomedical subjects

E Levy

Publications and source records attributed to E Levy.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Schönlein-Henoch syndrome in patients with familial Mediterranean fever.

Ten episodes of Schönlein-Henoch purpura (SHP) in 8 patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) were observed. Five episodes developed 3-14 days after penicillin injections, suggesting an etiologic association. FMF and SHP have clear clinical similarities, and if the frequency of association of the 2 diseases is indeed high, perhaps a common etiologic factor should be sought. An immune complex mechanism might be the link between these 2 disease entities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Impaired intestinal fat absorption in chronic renal failure.

We performed oral fat loading tests in 10 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on hemodialysis (5 children and 5 adults). Fat absorption was measured by hourly determination of serum triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), and lipoproteins (LP) after oral administration of a 'milkshake' containing 50 g of fat of dairy origin. 10 age-matched healthy volunteers with normal fasting serum TG levels and 10 subjects with fasting hypertriglyceridemia served as controls. Mean fasting serum TG levels in CRF patients were elevated compared to normal controls (177.6 +/- 14.6 mg/dl, 2.0 +/- 17 mmol/l vs. 91.0 +/- 10.5 mg/dl, 1.03 +/- 12 mmol/l). 6 patients (4 adults, 2 children) had type IV LP patterns and 2 patients (both children) showed type IIb hyperlipidemia. In only 2 patients, 1 child and 1 adult were TG, CHOL and LP electrophoresis all normal. The oral fat loading test in all CRF patients showed delayed appearance of TG and chylomicrons (CHYL) in the bloodstream i.c. impaired or slow absorption of fat from the gut. In contrast to normal and hypertriglyceridemic controls, TG and CHYL levels in CRF did not decrease by 5 h after the oral fat load. This study demonstrates impaired intestinal fat absorption in children and adults with CRF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Gastric lipase in the newborn rat.

A substantial portion of rat milk triglycerides was hydrolyzed in the ligated stomach of suckling rats with excised lingual gland and pancreas, due to the action of gastric lipase. Free fatty acids were the main lipolytic products. There were some diglycerides and traces of monoglycerides. Medium chain length (C8-C12) fatty acids were predominantly recovered in the free fatty acid fraction, whereas the remaining tri- and diglycerides became richer in long chain (greater than or equal to C14) fatty acids suggesting a preferential lipolysis of medium chain fatty acid ester bonds. The lipase activity in extracts of stomach wall and sublingual gland tissue was more stable at acid pH and more resistant to the action of pepsin than the activity of pancreatic lipase. Trypsin strongly affected lingual lipase activity but only moderately reduced gastric and pancreatic lipase activity. Presence of sodium taurocholate made the lingual and gastric lipases less sensitive to proteolytic attack. It was also found that the activity of gastric lipase, related to the tissue protein content, decreased with the age of rats, whereas that of lingual lipase increased. The joint capacity of the stomach and lingual gland lipases amounted to about 50% of the total digestive lipolytic capacity 6 days after rat birth but decreased to about 20% at 60 days of life. This was due mainly to the considerable increase in the pancreatic gland size.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Linitis plastica infiltrating the entire gut.

A case of extensive spread of linitis plastica, involving the entire gastrointestinal tract, is reported. The tumor probably originated in the stomach. Because the mucosal and serosal layers remained intact, diagnosis was markedly delayed, as is commonly seen in scirrhous carcinoma. The method of spread of the tumor (mainly through the submucosal layer) is unusual, and is probably related to the histological type of carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1982

Detection of virus-specific IgA antibodies in serum of kidney transplant patients with recurrent cytomegalovirus infection by enzymeimmuno and radioimmunoassay techniques.

The feasibility of using human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific IgA antibody determinations as a signal for early detection of recurrent CMV infections in eight renal transplant recipients was analyzed. Solid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA), enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoperoxidase assay (IPA) techniques were used for IgA antibody determinations. In parallel, IgG antibodies to CMV were studied by immunoperoxidase assay. A significant rise of CMV-specific IgG antibody titre was observed in all of these patients between 5 and 53 weeks post-transplantation. CMV-specific IgA antibody production was detected close to the time a rise in CMV IgG antibody was observed in seven out of eight patients studied by RIA and ELISA, and in six out of eight patients studied by IPA. In two patients specific CMV IgA antibodies were detected by all three methods before a significant rise of CMV IgG antibody titre was demonstrated. In these patients CMV IgA was detected by RIA earlier than by ELISA and IPA. The potential application of CMV-specific IgA antibody determination for early detection of recurrent CMV infection in renal transplant patients is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Infant passenger safety education in perinatal services in California.

Of 166 hospitals surveyed in California, 53 (31.9 percent) routinely provide some information on infant car-safety to parents of newborns and 115 (69.2 percent) were interested in developing a more comprehensive program of infant passenger safety. More than 80 percent of the hospitals estimated that less than a fourth of the infants were safely restrained on leaving the hospital. Larger hospitals provided more car safety education and expressed greater interest in developing comprehensive programs in the future. Although present services are limited, there is interest in expanding infant passenger safety education not only in perinatal services but in childbirth classes as well.

California↗
PubMed1981

Substrate-adhering lymphoid cells show impaired tumorigenicity and increased immunogenicity.

Cell adhesiveness is fundamental to a variety of biological phenomena, including tumour development and metastasis. Recently, Bubenik et al. have reported that in various malignant fibroblastoid cell lines those cells which demonstrated less adhesiveness were more tumorigenic. The relationship between cell adhesiveness, transformation and metastasis has been studied extensively in cells (fibroblastoid) grown as monolayers attached to their substratum and to each other, but, to our knowledge, there has been no report describing this relationship in suspension-borne (lymphoid) cells that grow free of each other and their substratum. We report here that substrate-adhering variant cells, selected from the tumorigenic, suspension-growing S49 mouse lymphoma, have impaired tumorigenicity. Furthermore, the substrate-adhering cells also have increased immunogenicity, as their inoculation into mice protects the mice from subsequent challenges with parental, non-adherent tumorigenic S49 cells. These findings suggest a new approach for the selection of immunogenic cells from suspension-borne tumorigenic cell populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Detection of specific IgA antibodies in serum of patients with varicella and zoster infections.

A sensitive solid-phase, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detection of serum IgA antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The antigen consisted of a sonically disrupted extract of VZV-infected human embryo cells. Rabbit antihuman IgA peroxidase conjugate was used to detect human IgA bound to viral antigens. In parallel, IgM and IgG antibodies to VZV were studied by ELISA and by an immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen technique, respectively. VZV IgA antibodies were detected in high titers in all 5 varicella and 8 zoster patients. Specific VZV IgM antibodies were detected in all 5 varicella patients, but only in 2 of 8 zoster patients. No VZV IgA antibodies (less than 40) were detected in 50 healthy control sera. Neither were they found in paired sera of 5 patients with herpes simplex infections, 2 patients with Epstein-Barr virus infections, and 5 patients with human cytomegalovirus infections. The potential application of ELISA IgA techniques in serodiagnosis of both primary and reactivated VZV infections is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection of specific IgA antibodies in serum of kidney transplant patients with recurrent cytomegalovirus infection.

59 sera of 10 immunosuppressed renal allograft recipients who experienced recurrent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for CMV IgA antibodies and by the complement-fixation (CF) test. A significant rise of CF titer was evident 4-53 weeks post-transplantation. 9 patients produced CMV IgA in high titers at about the time of CF antibody rise was observed. 1 patient did not produce IgA antibodies to CMV. In 3 of the 9 patients, specific CMV IgA antibodies were detected before the rise if CF titer was demonstrated. CMV IgA antibodies were found to persist for as long as 6 weeks post-transplantation. The potential application of ELISA detection of CMV-specific IgA antibodies as an early indication of CMV infection in kidney transplant patients is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Cost effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine (author's transl)].

We try, in this study, to clarify two problems: 1) is vaccination against pneumococcal infection economically justified? 2) what is the best age group to vaccinate? On this basis of epidemiological data concerning mainly pneumococcal pneumonia and secondarily other pneumococcal diseases, we measure medical care costs related to these diseases for the 1974 french population. Then we elaborate ten vaccination hypothesis and compare them from the cost-effectiveness point of view, taking in account vaccination costs and medical care costs saved on one part and implicate saved life values on the other part. The more favorable results appear for high risks 45 years of age and older.

Adolescent↗