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Biomedical subjects

E Lanza

Publications and source records attributed to E Lanza.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Antibody-induced association between discrete regions of HLA class I and II antigens.

The anti-HLA-DR + DP monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CR11-462 was unexpectedly found to cross-inhibit the binding to B lymphoid cells of the anti-HLA Class I MoAb CR10-215 and CR11-115. The latter two antibodies recognized the same or spatially close antigenic determinant. The cross-blocking of anti-HLA Class I MoAb CR10-215 and CR11-115 by MoAb CR11-462 reflects neither its contamination by anti-HLA Class I antibodies nor its cross-reactivity with HLA Class I antigens. On the other hand, the cross-blocking appears to reflect redistribution of HLA Class II antigens by the MoAb CR11-462, since the MoAb CR10-215 and CR11-115 are not susceptible to blocking when lymphoid cells are treated with 0.025% glutaraldehyde or are coated with Fab' fragments of the MoAb CR11-462. Furthermore, immunoprecipitates from B lymphoid cells preincubated with the MoAb CR11-462 before solubilization contain HLA Class I antigens. Therefore, these results have shown for the first time an antibody-induced association between discrete regions of HLA Class I and Class II antigens on the membrane of B lymphoid cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Dietary fiber intake in the US population.

Twenty-four hour recall data from adults interviewed in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES II, were used as the basis to estimate total dietary fiber intake in the United States. Food fiber values were calculated for the 2500 foods in NHANES II in two ways: 1) using fiber values compiled from the literature by NCI and 2) values based on the Southgate methodology. Mean dietary fiber intake in the US adult population (greater than 19 y of age) is 11.1 g/d using the first set of values and 13.3 g/d according to Southgate values. On a per 1000 kcal basis, women consume more dietary fiber (6.5 g/1000 kcal) than men (5.5 g/1000 kcal) at every age. Fiber intake by geographic region, age, race, and sex is discussed. Our study indicates that dietary fiber intake in the United States is considerably lower than that previously reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Dietary fiber sources in the United States by demographic group.

Major food sources of total dietary fiber are presented for the whole U.S. population and by age, sex, and race. Revised data on fiber content were applied to dietary intake data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative sample of the U.S. population examined in 1976-80. Vegetables are the principal sources of dietary fiber, followed by bread and fruit. Legumes are important population sources and rank first for several age-sex-race categories when food groups are broken down into more detailed food items. Breakfast cereals make considerably lesser contributions. Data on fiber intake in several age, sex, and race groups are also presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Dietary fiber in the reduction of colon cancer risk.

The evidence for an inverse association between a diet of foods high in fiber and colon cancer risk is reviewed in the context of the epidemiological criteria for causality. Five criteria are assessed: consistency of the association, strength of the association, specificity of the hypothesis, temporal relationship of the association, and coherence of the association. Forty epidemiological studies, described in 55 original reports, are analyzed in terms of an association between fiber intake and colon cancer. This evaluation clearly suggests a relationship between colon cancer and diet low in fiber. The epidemiological studies focus on dietary patterns in which fiber usually occurs as a complex mixture with other foods. At present, information on the chemistry and function of various types of fiber as well as the mechanisms of cancer inhibition still is quite limited. As dietary fiber may interact with or be linked to other dietary factors, the impact of total diet and dietary interactions should be considered in studies of colon cancer risk and in dietary counseling.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Scintigraphy in the study of varicocele].

Varicocele which is relatively common after puberty may cause even severe alterations to fertility. Sequential Isotopic Scrotal Angiography (SISA) was used for the diagnosis of this condition in both the recognition and confirmation phase. This dynamic and static survey based on the use of 99mTc-pyrophosphate proved able to discriminate between the various degrees of varicocele. No statement can as yet be made on the specificity and sensitivity of the examination since so few cases have so far been checked with other techniques (Doppler-Telethermography-Phlebography) and an insufficient number of postsurgical controls came to our observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Computerized processing of static scintigraphic gamma camera images. Experimental results and clinical applications].

Two different phantoms were used to carry out several scintigraphic experiments with a gamma camera linked to a computer. Each image was subjected to several types of electronic processing. The contrast was assessed in certain pre-established areas in order to obtain an indication of the efficacity of the various techniques. The experimental results were transferred to scintigraphic application methodology with the formulation of treatment schedules consisting of a variable sequence of successive processings designed to improve the quality of the information required for more accurate diagnosis.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

[Humoral markers of iron status in patients on maintenance hemodialysis].

In forty-nine patients on regular dialysis treatment (RDT) we evaluated following parameters for a period of twenty-four months: serum ferritin (SF), transferrin, T.I.B.C. percental saturation (Fe/TIBC%), haemoglobin (Hb). Twenty-five patients had received more than 5 g intra-venous iron or several blood transfusions, before the beginning of the study, while the other twenty four patients had never received iron treatment nor transfusions. Serum ferritin and Fe/TIBC% proved to be a good estimate of iron stores in RDT patients. In fact both parameters showed significantly higher levels in iron loaded patients than in never treated patients. Furthermore, in patients who no longer received iron loads during the study period, both SF and Fe/TIBC% showed a significant decrease, without changes in haematologic values. This study demonstrated that oral ferritinic iron (40 mg/day for 6 months) doesn't increase either SF and Fe/TIBC% levels, or modifies haematologic values.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1986

[Advantages and limitations of combined assays of 4 serum markers in various types of malignant neoplasms].

CEA, TPA, GICA and Ferritin were assayed in 700 cancer patients (230 assays in 181 breast cancers, 75 in 57 lung cancers, 114 in 70 cervico-facial neoplasms, 131 in 95 uterovaginal tumours, 444 in 225 colorectal tumours, 106 in 72 gastric cancers). Groups were divided into stages and the results of all possible associations were assessed. Only the most significant are reported. Among combinations of 2 markers the combined assay of CEA and TPA offers the best response as diagnostic potential (expressed as percentage positivity) in all neoplasm groups as well as a good correlation with the evolution of the disease.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between doxorubicin-induced ECG changes and myocardial alterations in rats.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dose- and time-dependence of the effect displayed by doxorubicin (DXR) on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and to establish the relationship between structural alterations of the myocardium and ECG changes in rats administered DXR, at a dose of 1.5 or 3.0 mg/kg, every 3 days for a total of three administrations. The most interesting findings consisted of a dose-dependent, but reversible prolongation of the QRS complex, and in a dose-dependent and progressive irreversible increase in QaT and, in particular, in SaT duration. Furthermore, animals treated with the higher DXR dose showed a slight increase in serum K+ concentration and a significant decrease in serum Ca2+ levels. A good correlation was found between the morphologic score indicating the degree of observed tissue damage and SaT prolongation. These results therefore support the usefulness of measuring this ECG parameter for monitoring the development of DXR-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Lymphoscintigraphy. Comparison of 2 microcolloids labeled with Tc99m].

The physical and chemical properties of two colloids labelled with 99mTc used for lymphoscintigraphic investigations for some time are reviewed. The advantages of human albumin nanocolloids over sulphated microcolloids are described and discussed. These mainly consist of more rapid, larger-sale endolymphatic transport.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Effect of suloctidil on cerebral circulation patterns of conscious rabbits.

Suloctidil (SUL) produces calcium antagonistic and antispasmodic effects on peripheral and pial arteries. The present studies were performed with the aim of evaluating the action of SUL on cerebral blood flow (CBF), which was taken as an index for evaluating the cerebral circulation. The drug was administered by rapid intravenous injection to groups of unanaesthetized rabbits at doses of 100-200 micrograms/kg and by intravenous infusion at doses of 10-20 micrograms/kg/min. In other experiments, SUL was chronically administered p.o. to normal rabbits and to rabbits receiving Kritchevsky's atherogenic diet; the daily dose of the drug was about 16 mg/kg. Cerebral blood flow and its compartmental distribution were determined in unanaesthetized animals by the intracarotid 133Xe clearance method. The data demonstrate that the atherogenic diet brings about a significant impairment of CBF; SUL is inactive in normal rabbits, while in the atherosclerotic rabbits it induces a pronounced increase in cerebral blood flow in the grey matter and an enhancement of the corresponding circulatory compartment. These changes are less evident in the white matter.

Anesthesia↗