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Biomedical subjects

E Lacombe

Publications and source records attributed to E Lacombe.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Familial congenital dystrophy of the corneal stroma: Turpin's syndrome (author's transl)].

In 1939, R. Turpin and al. described cases of hereditary and congenital corneal opacities in three generations of one family. The members of this family have since been followed-up regularly by the author, examination of the corneas of the grandmother and the grand'daughter made by electron microscopy, the morphology compared, and an attempt made to establish the progression of the lesion. It so happened that at the same time, witschel and al. published (June, 1978) the results of their examination of the American members of the same family. Their conclusions were the same, in that this familial congenital dystrophy of the cornea is mainly stromal and differs therefore from familial congenital endothelial dystrophies. The author's analysis is complementary to theirs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A new approach to cataract surgery. Extraction through the pars plana with a phakotribe ("lens gobbler") (author's transl)].

Lens extraction by the posterior route with the phakotribe keeps the complete anterior segment intact. The approach causes no inconvenience to the globe. An account of 18 months experience. The method enables extraction of the most delicate cataracts without subsequent procedures. Vision can be restored rapidly by a contact lens. However the indications must be well evaluated in experimental hands. This technique may be indicated in cataracts in children whether they are congenital or traumatic as well as in traumatic cataracts in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effects of methylprednisolone on the physical properties of the human red cell.

Prompted by evidence suggesting preserved red cell deformability in cardiac surgical patients pretreated with pharmacologic dosages of methylprednisolone, we performed in vitro experiments to examine the ability of similar levels of methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone to modify erythrocyte membrane changes produced by metabolic depletion or membrane-active compounds. Variables measured included cell morphology, blood biscosity, membrane deformability, osmotic fragility, red cell cholesterol, and glycolytic intermediates. In incubated samples, methylprednisolone partially prevented the transition of discs to echinocytes, the rise in whole blood viscosity, the decrease in membrane deformability, and the loss of red cell cholesterol which accompany ATP depletion, but it had no apparent effect on red cell glycolysis. The drug also inhibited esterification of cholesterol in cell-free serum. In unimcubated samples to which lysolecithin was added, methylprednisolone partially prevented and reversed morphologic and rheologic responses without affecting membrane cholesterol. Hydrocortisone demonstrated similar properties. Possible mechanisms for these actions are discussed. The concept is advanced that preserved blood fluidity may contribute to the beneficial responses to these drugs in certain clinical conditions.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1975

A pH-dependent macroglobulin gel.

Plasma from a patient with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia was observed to gel upon exposure to room air, yet to remain in solution indefinitely at 4 degrees C if sealed. Three studies were carried out which showed this change not to be due primarily to decreases in carbon dioxide tension or temperature, but to variations in the concentration of hydrogen ions within or just above physiologic levels. In purified material (IgM) a marked increase in viscosity occurred between pH 7.5 and 8.0, followed by precipitation between pH 8.0 and 9.7, and by reversible dissolution between pH 9.7 and 10.0. The analytical and clinical consequences of these solubility changes are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Results of 35 keratoplasties following corneal injuries].

We have performed 40 keratoplasties in 35 eyes presenting with corneal wounds. These injuries follow accidents of which the most frequent are:--metallic foreign bodies;--windscreen. The following results have been obtained after these grafts;--49 p. 100 success;--51 p. 100 failure. In fact 51 p. 100 of the eyes did not benefit from a satisfactory functional result despite the fact that the graft remained clear in 63 p. 100. Our failures are due to two principle complications: cataract and its subsequent surgical management in 28 out of 35 cases, and detachment of the retina in 3 out of 35 cases. The remaining failures are related to the usual complications of other keratoplasties. These keratoplasties are special since a contussion of the posterior pole is often associated with the corneal wound. The indications for these grafts cannot wait until an accurate assessment of the state of the posterior segment is possible, and this is why these grafts are special and why there should be reservations on the prediction of the final visual result. Keratoplasty however remains the only hope for visual recovery and in children the only means of preventing the development of definite amblyopia. Nevertheless in children the prognosis remains the most pessmistic (4 failures out of 5 cases in children under 10).

Adolescent↗