Blocking access to online tobacco sales sites.
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Commerce↗
Biomedical subjects
E L Cohen
Publications and source records attributed to E L Cohen.
Differential distribution of Ca2+-activated K+ channel splice variants among hair cells along the tonotopic axis of the chick cochlea.
We have cloned from the receptor epithelium of the chick cochlea a family of alternatively spliced cDNAs derived from cslo, which encodes a Ca2+-activated K+ channel like those shown to help determine the resonant frequency of electrically tuned hair cells. Our results from PCRs using template RNAs from both tonotopically subdivided receptor epithelia and single hair cells demonstrate differential exon usage along the frequency axis of the epithelium at multiple splice sites in cslo. We also show that single hair cells express more than one splice variant at a given splice site. Since channel isoforms encoded by differentially spliced slo transcripts in other species are functionally heterogeneous, these data suggest that differential processing of slo transcripts may account, at least in part, for the systematic variation in hair-cell membrane properties along the frequency axis of electrically tuned auditory receptor epithelia.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Conservative management of penetrating and blunt Type III renal injuries.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal management, conservative or surgical, of patients with penetrating or blunt Type III renal injuries. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 122 patients with blunt abdominal or penetrating trauma with suspected significant renal injuries. Forty-five patients (32 penetrating and 13 blunt trauma) with Type III injury were identified. Of these patients, 28 (17 penetrating and 11 blunt trauma) had their renal injuries treated conservatively while 14 patients, all with penetrating injuries, underwent immediate surgical repair. Three patients died from multiple trauma shortly after arrival in the emergency room. RESULTS: In the 42 surviving patients with Type III renal injuries, four required delayed intervention. These included two of those managed conservatively and two of the 14 who underwent initial surgical intervention. Three renal units were lost, all of which were in those treated surgically. Thus, of the 42 surviving patients with Type III renal trauma, 28 (67%) were successfully managed conservatively without renal loss. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that Type III penetrating trauma may be successfully managed conservatively with a similar outcome to those patients with Type III blunt injuries. Initial surgical intervention may only be necessary in those with associated intra-abdominal injuries or haemodynamic instability.
Clinical Protocols↗
Molecular cloning of a chick cochlea cDNA encoding a subunit of DNA replication factor C/activator 1.
A chick cochlea cDNA library was constructed to clone molecules involved in peripheral auditory transduction and in the maintenance and regeneration of the sensory neuroepithelium following damage. Characterization of the library showed it to be of high complexity, to contain a high proportion of full-length cDNA inserts, and to contain a representative proportion of clones derived from hair cell transcripts. A cDNA clone encoding the chick homolog of the 40-kD subunit of the human replication factor C (also called activator 1) was isolated and the complete cDNA sequence determined. The predicted amino acid sequence is about 90% identical to that of the human homolog. Expression of the message for this replication factor was detected in brain and liver as well as in the cochlea. Expression levels in the brain are relatively high and are similar in developing and adult chicken nervous tissue. This suggests that replication factor C message expression, unlike that for the functionally associated factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), may be constitutive rather than cell cycle dependent. Although likely to be involved in DNA replication within the receptor neuroepithelium, expression of this replication factor message is not likely to constitute a marker for proliferation.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Case management in the acute care setting. A model for health care reform.
Case management, as a model for delivering health care, has a long history. Since its inception, the scope and goals of case management have changed and matured. Contemporary approaches to case management represent a dynamic, integrated, and multidisciplinary model of health care delivery. Case management incorporates interdependent and collaborative arrangements between the client and health care provider to ensure cost-effective, quality care. Because of its foundation in cost and quality control, case management is likely to be the delivery model that will play a major role in health care reform over the next decade, both in the acute care setting and in community-based, long-term care programs.
Acute Disease↗
Case report: familial bilateral renal cell carcinoma in a prospective living related kidney donor.
Bilateral renal cell carcinoma was discovered in a 36-year-old man who was a prospective living related kidney donor. The prospective recipient was his 44-year-old brother who had had both kidneys removed for renal cell carcinoma. The entity of familial renal cell carcinoma is reviewed, and the management of patients with bilateral renal cell carcinoma is discussed. The need for evaluation of an otherwise closely related family member is emphasized, especially when that individual is a donor candidate for a recipient who has undergone bilateral nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
Covered exstrophy with sequestered colonic remnant.
We report on a woman who presented with urinary incontinence, covered exstrophy and an abdominal mass. Radiographic studies and cystoscopy confirmed that the anterior abdominal mass did not communicate with the bladder or colon and that the gastrointestinal tract was normal. Subsequent surgical resection of the mass and Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction were performed. Histological examination of the mass revealed colonic mucosa. The etiology of the covered exstrophy and sequestered colonic remnant is discussed.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Burkett Building. A health care facility for special services by Quantrell Mullins & Associates.
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Architecture↗
Preclinical evaluation of PDS (polydioxanone) synthetic absorbable suture vs chromic surgical gut in urologic surgery.
A variety of suture materials are available for use in urologic surgery. Urologists have relied on absorbable suture materials which provide transient strength in anticipation that healing will occur before the suture is absorbed. Absorbable sutures thus decrease the chance of stone formation, known to occur on suture material in direct contact with the urinary stream. This report compares the breaking strength retention of polydioxanone (PDS) suture and chronic surgical gut after in vivo residence in the urinary bladder and subcutaneous tissue of the dog.
Animals↗
Role of transurethral resection in dissemination of cancer of prostate.
Recent studies have suggested an adverse impact on disease progression and survival in patients with prostatic cancer who undergo transurethral resection (TURP). Four hundred fifteen patients with prostatic carcinoma were reported to a Tumor Registry from 1965 to 1971. Of these, 184 charts had sufficient follow-up data to assess the impact of TURP in each stage of prostatic cancer. In Stage A the five-year survival difference between the TURP group (87.5%) and the open prostatectomy group (88%) was not significant (P = 0.54). In Stage B the five-year survival difference between the TURP group (38.7%) and the needle biopsy group (68%) was significant (P = 0.02). In Stages C and D there was no significant difference in survival between the TURP group and the needle biopsy group (P = 0.44 and P = 0.2, respectively). Our data reinforce the importance of diagnosing Stage B prostatic cancer preoperatively when curative treatment modalities may be utilized and TURP avoided. Finally, in advanced stages TURP may be efficacious in relieving prostatic obstruction while not adversely influencing survival.
Endoscopy↗
Ureteroscopic management of ureteral cholesteatoma.
Cholesteatoma of the upper urinary tract is a rare nonmalignant condition histologically characterized by keratinized desquamative squamous metaplasia. Most cases have been managed by extensive ablative surgery. We describe a new approach in the diagnosis and management of a patient with ureteral cholesteatoma using transurethral ureteroscopy and evacuation.
Cholesteatoma↗
Landmark article Oct 19, 1964: Suppression of plasma renin activity in primary aldosteronism. Distinguishing primary from secondary aldosteronism in hypertensive disease. By Jerome W. Conn, Edwin L. Cohen and David R. Rovner.
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Adult↗
Testicular lymphoma: sonographic findings.
The sonographic findings in 2 patients diagnosed as having testicular lymphoma (subsequently surgically proven) are discussed. The diagnosis should be suspected when a hypoechoic mass is identified in the testicle.
Adult↗
Living-related donor nephrectomy by eleventh rib intraperitoneal extrapleural incision.
Living-related kidney transplants continue to yield the best results. The two primary approaches for living-related donor nephrectomy are the intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal operations. We herein describe a series of 8 cases in which an eleventh rib intraperitoneal extrapleural incision was used for living-related donor nephrectomy. The advantages of the operation in terms of improved ability to manage vascular anomalies is described. No complication has been encountered.
Humans↗
Epidermoid cyst of testicle. Ultrasonographic characteristics.
Epidermoid cyst is a benign lesion of the testis which represents approximately 1 per cent of all testicular tumors. We describe a case in which preoperative ultrasound of the testis suggested a benign testicular lesion, thus permitting testis-sparing surgery. The proper management of this lesion remains a source of urologic controversy, and we review the rationales for both radical orchiectomy and simple excision.
Adult↗
Epiglottitis in adults.
Acute epiglottitis may be more common in adults than is generally believed, but the diagnosis is often missed. Three cases of adults with epiglottitis are reported. The presenting signs and symptoms included sore throat, dysphagia, symptoms disproportionate to pharyngeal findings, and tenderness over the neck anteriorly. All three patients had a benign course, but acute upper airway obstruction can occur. The diagnosis was established in each case by mirror or flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy, lateral neck radiographs, or both. Treatment consisted of maintenance of a patent airway and administration of humidified oxygen and antibiotics.
Acute Disease↗
Epiglottitis in the adult. Recognizing and treating the acute case.
Acute epiglottitis in adults is probably commoner than is generally appreciated. Although upper airway obstruction can occur, the course most often is benign. Acute epiglottitis should be suspected in all patients with a sore throat and dysphagia, especially if symptoms are out of proportion to pharyngeal findings. Diagnosis can be established by mirror or flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy, lateral radiography of the neck, or both. Treatment consists of maintenance of a patent airway and use of humidified oxygen and antibiotics (ampicillin and chloramphenicol [Chloromycetin] ). The role of corticosteroids in treatment of epiglottitis is still controversial.
Acute Disease↗
Diagnosis of acute testicular torsion using radionuclide scanning.
We analyzed retrospectively 99mtechnetium scrotal scan findings in 37 patients with acute scrotal pain. Correlation between scan interpretation, and either surgical findings and/or final clinical diagnosis revealed an accuracy of 89 per cent. Only 1 false negative and 3 false positive results were recorded. Scan data revealed a positive predictive value of 75 per cent, negative predictive value of 96 per cent, sensitivity of 90 per cent and specificity of 89 per cent. An inter-institutional observer study also was conducted to assess reliability of the scan, resulting in an 88 per cent agreement. The testicular scan has been found to be an accurate and reliable method to distinguish between epididymo-orchitis and testicular torsion.
Acute Disease↗