Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Kurrle

Publications and source records attributed to E Kurrle.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Regulation of normal hemopoiesis in the acute leukemia L5222.

Normal hemopoiesis becomes markedly depressed in rats during the development of the rat leukemia L5222. Whether this could be due to the influence of a circulating humoral factor was investigated by comparing the growth of normal bone marrow cells in diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity of normal or leukemic hosts. Similar growth in total cell numbers was observed in both groups of hosts, and no significant difference could be detected between them. In an attempt to exclude the possibility that an inhibitor either did not penetrate to the peritoneum or was inactivated by the chamber membrane, normal serum, or serum from a highly leukemic rat was mixed with the bone marrow cell suspension in the chambers. Again, no difference in growth between the 2 groups could be detected. Therefore, the influence of a circulating humoral factor in the depression of normal bone marrow hemopoiesis in this experimental leukemia seems to be ruled out, and the decrease may be attributable to local events in the bone marrow such as short-range factors or cellular interaction between the leukemic and normal hemopoietic cell populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Evidence for stem cell function of resting bone marrow lymphocytes identified by the complete 3H-thymidine labelling method.

Resting bone marrow lymphocytes, recongised as small lymphocytes by light microscopy, were labelled by the complete 3H-thymidine labelling technique, enriched by fractionation on a discontinuous albumin gradient and investigated for their stem cell properties by culture in diffusion chambers. Fraction 3, with the highest enrichment of labelled small lymphocytes and slight enrichment of other labelled cells (reticulum and endothelial cells), produced substantial growth, in contrast to fraction 4, with no enrichment of these cells. The number of labelled small lymphocytes per chamber in fraction 3 remained constant or tended to increase. This is assumed to be an indication of some degree of self-replication in the small lymphocyte population. Since, however, their labelling intensity decreased only slowly, it must be further concluded that part of the labelled small lymphocyte population probably remained resting. Some labelled transitional and blast cells appeared before the development of recognisable myelopoietic and erythropoietic precursors and of megakaryocytes, in agreement with the concept that small lymphocytes transfrom to transitional cells during the developmetn of normal haempopiesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucormycosis in the immunocompromised host.

We are presenting two typical case histories of mucormycosis in patients with acute leukaemia which illustrate some of the important features of this infection in compromised hosts. In such patients, mucormycosis is mostly pulmonary or widely disseminated and often has a rapidly fatal course. A microbiological diagnosis from blood or sputum is difficult to establish. Mucormycosis or other fungal infections should be suspected in compromised patients with infections which do not respond to adequate antibiotic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Streptococcal bacteremia in adult patients with leukemia undergoing aggressive chemotherapy. A review of 55 cases.

We reviewed 55 cases of streptococcal bacteremia in adult patients who received cytotoxic chemotherapy for treatment of acute leukemia. Viridans group streptococci were the most frequent species isolated (45 isolates). Hemolytic streptococci (four isolates), pneumococci (three isolates), and enterococci (three isolates) were infrequent. Clinical features of streptococcal bacteremia included fever, upper and lower respiratory infection, respiratory distress syndrome, soft tissue infection, and septic shock. Forty patients who had only streptococci, but no other organisms isolated from their blood, were compared with 36 cases of gram-negative bacillary bacteremia that occurred during the same study period within the same population at risk. The comparison showed that patients with streptococcal bacteremia had more often received high dose cytosine arabinoside as part of their chemotherapy (17 vs. five), had a longer mean duration of fever (11 vs. seven days, p less than 0.01) needed slightly more days of antibacterial therapy (15 vs. 12 days, p = 0.07, not significant), and were more likely to have been treated with newer quinolones for infection prevention (30 vs. eight). No differences between both groups were found for age, underlying disease, remission status, duration of severe granulocytopenia, and number of superinfections. The overall mortality was 18% in streptococcal bacteremia and 17% in gram-negative bacillary bacteremia. Streptococci, especially viridans group streptococci, should now be regarded as frequent causes of serious life-threatening infections following aggressive chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infectious complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with and without T-cell depletion of donor marrow.

The infectious complications during different time intervals after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) (day 0 to day 30, 31 to 100, 101 to 365, 366 to 730) were reviewed in 67 adult patients, 27 of whom received transplants without T-cell depletion (TCD) using methotrexate or cyclosporin A for prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and 40 of whom received donor marrow with TCD using the monoclonal anti-lymphocyte antibody campath-1 and human complement. The use of TCD reduced the incidence and severity of GvHD significantly (p less than 0.01), but was associated with an increased rate of graft rejections. During all time intervals patients with TCD had a similar, lower or statistically significantly lower number of bacterial, fungal or viral infections and a statistically significantly lower number of lethal infections (p = 0.05) as compared with patients without TCD. This finding might be explained by the fact that with TCD immunological reconstitution can take place unimpaired by GvHD or its prophylaxis or treatment, resulting in a decreased incidence of infections.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of infection in acute leukemia: a prospective randomized study on the efficacy of two different drug regimens for antimicrobial prophylaxis.

In a prospective study patients with acute leukemia undergoing remission induction therapy were randomized to receive either a regimen of non-absorbable antimicrobial drugs (colistin and neomycin) or of absorbable and non-absorbable drugs (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMZ] and colistin) for antibacterial prophylaxis. For antifungal prophylaxis patients in both groups were given oral amphotericin B. The proportion of patients without acquired infections and the median of study time to the first acquired infection did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups (p greater than 0.05). Septicemias occurred in nine out of 49 recipients of colistin and neomycin and in one out of 56 patients receiving TMP-SMZ and colistin (p = 0.03). Localized infections and fever episodes without proven infections were equally distributed between the two groups. The incidence of febrile days and of days on parenteral antibiotic therapy was significantly lower in the group given TMP-SMZ and colistin (p less than 0.05). The duration of severe granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia did not differ significantly between the two groups (p greater than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corynebacterium jeikeium bacteremia at a tertiary care center.

During a six-year period 23 patients with isolation of Corynebacterium jeikeium (formerly known as Corynebacterium group JK) from one or more blood cultures at a university hospital were identified. Cases occurred sporadically without time- or ward-related clustering. Review of the cases showed that most infections were nosocomial, that most of the patients had underlying malignant disease, had a chronic intravascular catheter implanted, had been pretreated with antibiotics, and were neutropenic at the time the blood cultures were drawn. Patients with only one versus those with more than one positive blood culture differed in some important aspects. Patients with only one positive blood culture were less likely to have acute leukemia, had significantly higher neutrophil counts and a shorter duration of preceding antibiotic treatment, and all had other probable causes of infection and fever. The mortality also appeared to be lower in these patients. Despite the possibility of increasing frequency of blood cultures positive for C. jeikeium, severe infections due to this organism continue to be largely confined to neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ofloxacin versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prevention of infection in patients with acute leukemia and granulocytopenia.

In a prospective randomized study we evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral ofloxacin (dosage: 200 mg three times daily) versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (dosage: 960 mg three times daily) as antibacterial prophylaxis in 128 patients with acute leukemia who received aggressive cytotoxic chemotherapy and were granulocytopenic for a median duration of 30 days. Fewer patients receiving ofloxacin were colonized by Enterobacteriaceae (13% versus 90%, p less than 0.001) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3% versus 14%, p = 0.025), and developed gram-negative bacterial infection (4% versus 26%, p = 0.002), whereas the incidence of gram-positive bacterial (19% versus 22%) and fungal (7% versus 14%) infections was similar in both groups. Ofloxacin was significantly better tolerated than trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and shortened the duration of fever (p = 0.02) and of parenteral antimicrobial therapy for presumed or documented acquired infection (p = 0.01). Ofloxacin appears to be a safe, effective, well-tolerated alternative to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for preventing gram-negative infection in acute leukemia, but more effective prophylaxis of gram-positive infections is still needed.

Acute Disease↗